套利者

Chapter 5, we analyze the effect of arbitrage.

第五章对于套利者对于股票价格的影响进行了阐述。

HSY and Nestle SA, have been mentioned so often that this arbitrager called the pairing 'like reports of unsafe salad bars on the nightly news - they pop up every three months.

和雀巢公司，它们被提及的次数太多了，这位套利者说这一对就象是晚间新闻里有关不安全自助沙拉台的报导一样，每三个月都会蹦出来一次。

Their participation enables otherwise impossible take atteempts to become successful; The involvement of the arbitrager explains very well the widely observed stock market movement during the process of the takeover, including the dramatic rise in share price and in transaction volume. It predicts that in most case, a high transaction volume is associated with a high success rate, as well as with a high post-announcement trading price. Also, the higher the bidding price, the higher the success rate and the bigger the jump in share price; The existence of the arbitrager implies that in the tender offer, the shareholder can always expect to get a fixed portion of the total value improvement by the raider. This surprisingly simple division rule of the takeover surplus may have great implications for related empirical research and indicates that the market for corporate control may be efficient.

其次，我们构建了一个股权收购模型，研究套利者在接管过程中的重要作用，并论证了：套利者在公司接管过程中能发挥重要作用，他们的参与能设法使其他方面不可能的接管变得成功；套利者的卷入很好地解释了在接管过程中广泛观察到的股市活动，包括股价和交易量的暴涨，并指出了在大多数情况下，更高的交易量导致更高的接管成功率和接管宣告后更高的交易价，同样，更高的竞价必然导致更高的接管成功率和更大的股价涨幅；套利者的存在指出了在发盘收购中，股东总是期望从袭击者带来的价值增加总量中获得一个固定部分，接管盈余的划分规则对相关经验研究有很大的关系，指出公司控制权市场是有效的。

Each of the four men interviewed works at a different specialty on the floor-one is a floor broker, filling orders for the account of other persons or firms; one is an arbitrageur who trades in spreads, seeking profits in the changing relationships between two different but related markets; one is a scalper, a very short-term player who helps provide liquidity on the floor and who rarely takes a position home overnight; and the fourth is a position trader who, by his own admission,"is looking for the big play, in long-term trends."

接受访问的每个人，在营业厅内都有各自不同的专业领域——其中一位是营业厅经纪人，替别人或公司填交单子；一个是套利者，交易的是差价，从两个相关市场间的价格变化中套取利润；一个是做短线的，在非常短的时间内做短线，这种人对营业厅的流动性很有帮助，所做的仓位很少留到明天；第四个是趋势交易者，他自己说，他找的是"长期趋势中赚大钱的买卖"。

And are they willing to mop up the millions of Cadbury shares that will flood the market when the arbs turn tail and run?

如果套利者跑掉的话，他们愿意吃掉将涌入市场的数百万股吉百利股份吗？

But it's really just about price ─ the price at which a handful of Cadbury's large shareholders and the arbs will sell.

不过实际上只是价格的问题──吉百利的几个大股东和套利者愿意出售的价格。

Arbitrageur refers to the individual or institution who engages in arbitrage.

套利者指从事套利的个人或机构。

An arbitrageur is an individual or institution practising arbitrage.

套利者指从事套利的个人或机构。

Although the study of DSSW model confirmed the noise trader obtained more gain than arbitrageur, the arbitrageur restricted the fluctuation of price and the benefit space of noise trader.

DSSW模型研究证实了噪声交易者获得的平均收益甚至要高于套利者，但套利者的存在依然抑制了价格的波动，从而也限制了噪声交易者的获利空间。

One famous study conducted in the mid 1990s by Harvard economist Andrei Schleifer and University of Chicago professor Robert Vishny, for example, found that arbitrageurs more often become momentum players rather than hedgers: Rather than betting against an apparently obvious mispricing, they often will bet that a mispricing will continue and become even more extreme.

分析人员会涉及到类似于&限制套利&所产生的结果，哈佛经济学家Andrei Schleifer和芝加哥大学教授Robert Vishny曾在20世纪90年代中期进行过一项非常著名的研究，比如，他们发现市场上的套利者比套期保值者更为活跃，他们不仅仅在错误的定价上下赌注，而且还认为误差会继续并变得更加极端。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。