失效分析

To be direct against problems of traditional apparatus reliability failure analysis method,this paper presents a failure analysis method based on maximum likelihood estimation method.

针对传统电器可靠性失效分析方法中存在的问题，提出了一种电器可靠性失效分析极大似然估计方法。

LTD. Analysis of invalidation of the two MOOG valves was carried out with the help of advanced apparatus and profound expertise in this area at Fudan University. Our research reveals that poor quality of the valve surface is the root cause for invalidation. A detailed description of the method used in analyzing the invalidation of electro hydraulic servo valve is presented in this article. This research demonstrates that academic institutes can play a significant role to solve engineering problems by leveraging their existing resources.

我们利用复旦大学先进的表征仪器和工具以及积累的大量失效分析案例的丰富经验，对二个失效的MOOG阀的阀体进行解剖分析，判明了失效的真正起因不是液压油质量问题，而是阀滑表面质量存在问题，论文详细论述了我们采用的表征分析方法从宏观上、微观上对电液伺服阀阀的失效行为进行了全面分析的过程，是科研教学机构利用自身资源解决实际问题的一次有效的实践，具有较强的科学意义。

In order to clarify the type, the causes and the mechanism of the sealing failure, and the further improve the working life of the seal rings of drilling mud pump plunger, this paper analyzed the seal failure of myriameter drilling mud pump plunger.

为了弄清高压钻井泥浆泵柱塞密封圈的失效形式、原因及机理，进一步提高钻井泥浆泵柱塞密封圈的寿命，对万米钻井泥浆泵柱塞密封失效分析。

Moreover, failure analysis was made to the sensor, and the sensor was improved against the systematic B failure. By general way of reliability growth way, the increased MTBF was estimated. When the confidence level was 0.9, the one－ sided confidence lower limit reached to 299 158 times, which met the challenge of MTBF bigger than 100 000 times.

进而对其进行失效分析，并将系统性B类失效加以改进，采用一般性的可靠性增长方式，经可靠性验证试验对增长后的MTBF做出评价，当置信水平为0.9时，其MTBF的单侧置信下限达到了299158次；满足了MTBFL10万次的要求。

Clean and check 1 slowly loosen the gland nut stuffing, packing the release of residual pressure of all components; 2 Remove all old packing, thoroughly clean axle / rod stuffing; 3 Check the shaft / bar have corrosion, dents, scratches or excessive wear; 4 Check whether there are other WATER POWER CONTROL VALVE parts burr, cracks, wear, they will reduce the packing life; 5 Check whether there is too much stuffing the gap, and the shaft / rod eccentric degree; 6 the replacement of defective parts larger; 7 Check the old packing, as BALANCING VALVES the basis of failure analysis to find the reasons for early failure of packing.

缓慢松开填料函的压盖螺母，释放盘根组件内所有的残余压力； 2）移去所有旧的盘根，彻底清洁轴/杆的填料函； 3）检查轴/杆是否有腐蚀、凹痕、划伤或过度磨损； 4）检查其他零件是否有毛刺、裂纹、磨损，它们会减少盘根的寿命； 5）检查填料函是否有过大的间隙，以及轴/杆的偏心程度； 6）更换有较大缺陷的零部件； 7）检查旧盘根，作为失效分析的依据，球阀以找到盘根早期失效的原因。

3The microcosmic analysis of drill pipes: Through comparison metallographic analysis of drill pipes, this paper finds out the ultimate reason which its" performance are difference, then uses SEM to analyze drill pipes and studies crack and acanthopore, measures local chemistry component and the influence that Shot-peened to performance of drill pipes in it"s inside thickening transitional region, measures microcosmic rigidity of drill pipes.

本文的创新点：(1)提出了钻杆失效的过程和概念模型，即内表面缺陷-解理断裂-裂纹疲劳扩展-过载断裂，为解决钻杆失效分析中存在的困惑(各项基本检测参数基本合格，刺穿和断裂仍有发生)提出了分析方法和手段。

The second chapter describes the meaning and of regulation、 two schools of the research of regulation: theory of common benefit and theory of interest group、 regulatory failure、 theory of contestable Market and stimulating regulation, providing a general basic theory.

第二章主要论述了管制的内涵及其理论发展脉络、管制行为的两大理论体系：管制公共利益论和管制利益集团论、管制失效的表现形式和原因、放松管制的可竞争性市场理论和激励性管制理论以及西方发达国家放松管制的经验，为中国汽车产业管制失效分析提供一个一般性的理论基础。

Find failure root cause by performing component eletrical and physical failure analysis, such like curve tracing, SAM, decapsulation, cross section, SEM etc.

通过对半导体器件进行电性及物理失效分析，例如电性曲线分析，超声波扫描，开盖，断面，电子扫描显微等，找出失效的真正原因。

Theoretic modes were built to study the interaction between infrared light and failures in underfill, and to explain the fringes and contrast in IR images.

2通过失效分析方法发现了一种热冲击试验中失效倒装芯片封装中的芯片边缘裂缝。

With analysers and the producers of invalidated electrical components, we should analyze the invalidation collaboratively.

联系失效电子元器件的生产厂家，会同分析员，共同参与电子元器件的失效分析工作。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。