失效

METHODS: The endodontic instrument was assumed as a metal conical bar. The normal stress of bending loads and the shear stress of torsional loads were calculated with the knowledge of mechanics. The relations between stress and such parameters as angle and radius of canal curvature, radius of instrument, polar moment of inertia, and metal elastic modulus were analyzed. The criteria for yielding and fracture of the instrument were discussed.

将根管器械刃部假设截面为圆的金属细锥杆，利用材料力学及断裂力学的原理与方法，分别计算根管器械在弯、扭载荷下的应力分布，分析应力与根管弯曲角度、根管弯曲半径、器械直径、器械横截面极惯性距、金属弹性模量等参数的确切关系；探讨器械屈服、断裂失效的准则。

METHODS: The endodontic instrument was assumed as a metal conical bar, the normal stress of bending loads and the shear stress of torsional loads were calculated with the knowledge of mechanics , the relations between stress and such parameters as angle and radius of canal curvature, radius of instrument, polar moment of inertia, metal elastic modulus were analyzed, the criteria for yielding and fracture of the instrument were discussed .

将根管器械刃部假设为截面为圆的金属细锥杆，利用材料力学及断裂力学的原理与方法，分别计算根管器械在弯、扭载荷下的应力分布，分析应力与根管弯曲角度、根管弯曲半径、器械直径、器械横截面极惯性距、金属弹性模量等参数的确切关系；探讨器械屈服、断裂失效的准则。

Analyzing the dependent failure and stepwise computing the reliability of a parallel system, the reliability model of cumulative fatigue damage of a load sharing parallel system is developed according to the total probability formula and Miner theory.

为了有效处理载荷共享并联系统的可靠性问题，首先分析了并联系统的相关失效，并分步计算并联系统可靠度，应用全概率公式和Miner理论对并联系统进行了疲劳累积损伤可靠性建模。

Basing on the exploring of the functions of cohesion force and friction force during rheology course and the assumptin that viscosity lost according viscosic strain, a constitutive model for viscous, elastic and plastic rock is set up,which can simulate the third course of creep.Then the impact of transcient damage to rheology is discussed and corresponding creep model for rock is proposed.

在探导岩石颗粒间粘聚力和颗粒间摩擦力在岩石发生流变过程中的作用基础上假设粘性失效按流变应变统计概率分布，建立了岩石粘弹塑性本构关系，能够描述岩石蠕变加速阶段特征；讨论了瞬时损伤对岩石流变的影响和相应的损伤蠕变模型建模问题。

Because of the short-lived nature of the stateful translation tables in NAT routers, devices on the internal network lose IP connectivity typically within a very short period of time unless they implement NAT keep-alive mechanisms by frequently accessing outside hosts.

由于NAT的连接追踪具有短时效性。所以在特定的地址转换关系会在一小段时间后失效，除非遵守NAT的keep-alive机制，内网主机不时的去访问外部主机。

In this course three-dimensional finite element method is used to calculate the stress and deformation of the metal structure.The influence coefficient method is adopted to obtain the expression between the load and the offect ,and form the limit state equation of all failure mode.Finally.corresponding reliability indices are obtained with the JC method under truncated distribution.

在此过程中，运用三维有限元计算了门机金属结构的应力和变形，采用影响系数法，建立起荷载与荷载效应的显式关系，进而建立了各失效模式的极限状态方程，再用可截尾处理的JC法求出相应的可靠指标。

In this paper, the conditional mean and its applications to Bayesian estimation of the parameters and reliability measures of common failure distribution which include two-parameter exponential distribution, left truncated two-parameter exponential distribution, normal distribution and lognormal distribution are discussed.

本文讨论了条件均值对某些常见失效分布的参数与可靠性测度的Bayes估计的应用，这些分布包括，双参数指数分布，左截尾双参数指数分布，正态分布与对数正态分布。

The experiment and analysis is shown that it is effective that using reflection technology to deal with services unavailability.

通过实验仿真和分析，表明利用反射技术可以有效地处理服务失效这个问题。

The methods and process procedures of the reflection layers are introduced to solve problems of services unavailability.

针对服务失效的处理，给出了客户方和服务器方反射层的实现方法和工作过程。

The results showed that: the charging method had significant influence on deep cycling VRLA batteries;the constant-voltage charging method tended to long-term undercharge the batteries;the failure cause of constant-current charging batteries was that the active material would be soften and shed; the VRLA battery's serveice life would be improved by using pulse-charging method.

结果表明：1、充电制度对深循环VRLA电池的寿命有着重要的影响；2、恒压充电方法容易导致电池长期充电不足，从而发生硫酸盐化；3、恒流充电的电池失效原因是正极板铅膏发生软化、脱落；4、脉冲充电的方法可使深循环VRLA电池寿命提高。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。