失效

Through the chemical composition analysis, metallographical observation, Manson-Haferd parameter extrapolation and thermal-stress calculation, it is found that the failure of conic nozzle was caused mainly by the thermal stress.

通过对一失效的下集气锥形管的金相宏微观检查、Manson Haferd参数估算锥形接管的持久寿命以及热应力的计算，发现锥形接管的失效原因主要是由温差应力所导致。

Basing on failure mode and mechanism analysis of power plant boiler tubes, the author built the failure models and estimated their remaining life; and then, with the theory of fault diagnosis and other relatable theories, the author established the condition-based maintenance system.

本文通过对电站四管失效方式和机理的分析，建立失效模型，估算出管道剩余寿命；结合故障诊断等相关理论，对于锅炉四管状态检修系统的建立进行了研究。

If a part, provision or clause of this "Solar Modules Limited Warranty", or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, void or unenforceable, such holding shall not affect and shall leave all other parts, provisions, clauses or applications of this "Solar Modules Limited Warranty", and to this end such other parts, provisions, clauses or applications of this "Solar Modules Limited Warranty" shall be treated as severable.

如果本有限担保书的任何部分或任何条款被认定为无效、失效或无法实施，或者该等部分或条款对某些人或某些情况的适用性被认定为无效、失效或无法实施，则此种认定不应影响本担保书任何其他部分或条款或本担保书适用性的效力。本担保书的其他部分或条款或本担保书的适用性仍独立有效。

The syntype MOV surge protection can withstand the current as high as 6000A and offers shield for three lines: L-N, L-G, and N-G. Besides, it has the function of failure indicator and protection. When the protection module failed, it will disconnect and indicate the user to change one.

全模式 MOV 电涌防护，防护能力最高达到6000A ， L—N 、 L—G 、 N—G 三线保护，具失效保护及指示功能，当保护模块失效时，能及时退出并及时提示使用者更换保护模块。

Through analyzing the s tressed state of each part of the drill string in borehole,the four main charact eristics and basic reasons of the drill string failure that often occurs and is of general character are analyzed and the feasible,scientific and effective meas ures for preventing these common drill string failure accidents are emphatically proposed in this paper.

文章从分析钻具在使用过程中的受力情况出发，根据钻柱各部位在井内的受力情况，剖析了四种经常发生的、带共性的钻柱失效的主要特征及根本原因，重点提出了比较可行的、科学的预防这几种常发性钻具失效事故的有效措施和看法。

The microstructure and morphology are examined by SEM, XRD, EPMA, and the electrochemical performance is studied by potentiodynamic polarization and current efficiency. The results show that the alloy elements in the electrode coating prepared by the sol-gel process are well distributed, more sufficient to form solid solution and with higher current efficiency than by the traditional thermal decomposition process. The deactivation effect is due to the forming of unconductive TiO2 for the sol-gel process, but due to the dissolution of active composition for the thermal decomposition process.

SEM、XRD、电子探针、极化曲线、电流效率实验表明，由溶胶-凝胶法制备的氧化物涂层比热分解法制备的氧化物涂层的分散性好、形成固溶体充分、电流效率高；由溶胶-凝胶法制备的氧化物涂层的失效是由于生成不导电的TiO2引起，而由热分解法制备的氧化物涂层的失效是由于活性氧化物涂层的溶解引起。

It has been found that although electrical failure was caused by solder joint crack, it was the underfill related failures that cause the solder joint crack.

在此基础上，揭示了倒装芯片封装的失效机理：焊点断裂是导致封装电失效的原因，而下部填充料中的损伤是引起焊点断裂的主要原因。

Theoretic modes were built to study the interaction between infrared light and failures in underfill, and to explain the fringes and contrast in IR images.

2通过失效分析方法发现了一种热冲击试验中失效倒装芯片封装中的芯片边缘裂缝。

Through analyzing the failure reason of double row tapered hole cylindrical roller bearing , the problem of bearing early failure which is due to unproper installment and usage during installing, debugging and trail running is solved.

通过对双列锥孔圆柱滚子轴承的失效原因进行分析，解决装机、调试和试车过程中经常出现的因安装使用不当造成轴承早期失效的问题。

The indi vidual components of the safety system shall be of the highest specification as reg ards their availability and reliability.

当部件之间相互作用，他们同时失效则被认为是单个部件的失效。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。