天然气

This study analysised the condition of Xinjiang's petroleum resource and made an evaluation and it points out that the development of petroleum and natural gas of Xinjiang is still in the developing period in which it aims at discovering the petrol field and increasing its reserves.Although it has a great exploring potential,because of its geograghy limitation and a lack of exploring funds,the exploring level is till low,even lower than the everage level of the whole country. The study is based on theories of industry distributions,its concentration,macroscopic analysis,government regulations and continuing development.From microcosmic and macroscopic aspects,it scientifically and systematically analyses the problems in the development of petroleum industry in Xinjiang.It points that the developments of middle and upper reaches lack a balance and have no rational industry structures.So it is hard to form an integral industry chains.Moreover,the upper reach covers a too much large proportion in the development,so it can not give a strong impetus to other industries.Based it,the paper points the industrial concentration of Petroleum Chemical Products Manufacture of Xinjiang should be enhanced and Input to Petroleum Chemical Products Manufacture of Xinjiang should be increased.Due to a lack of an established fair and competitive market and government's perfect laws and regulations on petroleum industry,it points that the phenomenon of mixed operation has become common in monolopied business and competitive business,so the systems of petroleum industry needs to be restructured.It states clearly that the country should take the development and benefits of Xinjiang's economy into consideration when making strategies for petroleum development .Besides,the allocation of profits between the center and the local should be well arranged so that we can guarantee the profits of Xinjiang ,considered as a resource area.It also reveals that we should not only overcome limitations of resources,environment,economy and technology on continuring development,but also we should deal with some realistic problems well.For instance,contradictions between the concept of limited resource and continuing development,the relationship between petroleum industry's own features and continuing development,the contradictions between the limits on supply of petroleum and the need of future development of continuing resource ,outdated petroleum technology and the need of advanced technology for continuing development,tremendous damages to environment and requirements of environment protection for continuing development and Xinjiang continuing economic development,outdated policy of industry and continuing development,the relationship between continuing development of Xinjiang petroleum industry and continuing economic development of Xinjiang.

本研究以产业布局理论、产业集中度理论、灰关联分析理论、政府规制理论、可持续发展理论为依据，从微观、宏观两个层面，科学、系统、全面地分析新疆石油产业的发展问题，指出：新疆石油天然气目前仍处于油气田发现和增储的主要发展阶段，开发潜力巨大，但由于地质原因及勘探投入的不足，石油天然气探明程度偏低，低于全国平均水平；新疆石油产业产业结构布局不合理、上中下游发展不平衡，难以形成完整的产业链条，对工业的带动力与其本身具有的经济总量很不匹配；新疆石油开采业和石油加工业属于高度寡头垄断的市场类型，新疆石油化工业属于竞争型的市场结构，要想石油产业对新疆经济有较强的带动作用，新疆石油化工业必须上升到一定的层次和规模，在提高规模的基础上，提高新疆化工业的产业集中度；新疆石油加工业和化工业与农业呈现较高的关联度，加大对石油加工业和化工业的投入，对新疆经济的协调发展有着深远的影响；政府要从石油产业本质特征和发展趋势为着眼点，实施规制改革，分开政府规制政策的制定部门和监管部门职能，建立健全石油产业法律法规体系，对垄断性业务和竞争性业务实施分类规制；国家石油发展战略的制定应兼顾新疆区域经济的发展和利益，应切实处理好新疆与中央的利益分配，切实保证新疆作为资源产区合理的资源收益；新疆石油产业要想得以可持续发展，不仅要克服影响可持续发展的资源、环境、经济和技术等客观因素，还要处理好观念、需求、政策等诸多主观因素。

Among the fruitful projects, the project IVECO NEF CNG Engines on Beijing Public Transport Corporation Autobus has been advancing most substantially.

在这13个项目中，天然气发动机项目进展最快，300台依维柯环保型天然气发动机已于2004年12月底全部到位。

If the heat exchangers are well designed and can supply the heat flux needed for convective heat transfer, then the engine will produce power in proportion to the mean pressure, as predicted by the West number, and Beale number.

改变气体温度会引起相应的变化，气体压力，而运动的活塞造成的天然气将轮流扩大和压缩。气体的行为如下描述了天然气的法律，说明气体的压力，温度和体积是有关系的。

In order to obtain a more accurate prediction of intersection between the temperature gradient measured at sub-seafloor and the gas hydrate phase boundary curve i.e.

为了能更准确的求得天然气水合物稳定生成的底部，即海床的地温梯度与天然气水合物稳定曲线的交点。

The MTO process of alkene preparation,including ethylene,propylene,butene,by the synthesis of methanol from natural gas was discussed.

介绍了国内外天然气制烯烃技术发展概况，论述了以天然气为原料经合成甲醇进一步生产烯烃的 MTO工艺。

The rapid development of natural gas industry needs to establish a unified criterion for calorific value of natural gas.

单位：(长沙新奥燃气有限公司，湖南长沙 410008)摘要：天然气产业的迅速发展需要建立统一的天然气热值标准。

Natural gas hydrate , known also as flammable ice, is a clathrate compound formed by natural gas and water under conditions of low temperature and high pressure.

天然气水合物是天然气与水在低温高压条件下形成的笼形物，亦称可燃冰。

As a result, atmospheric decomposition of natural gas hydrate under different temperatures (from -5 ℃ to -25 ℃) is studied through forming natural gas hydrate by using the solution of 300 mg/L sodium codicil sulfate and hydrate reactor with the compaction function is designed and made in which atmospheric decomposition under different temperatures （-10 ℃,-15 ℃ and -20 ℃） is studied after compacted at 10 MPa.

为此，用300 mg/L的十二烷基硫酸钠溶液生成天然气水合物，试验研究天然气水合物在不同温度（-5~-25 ℃）下的常压分解；设计制造了带压实功能的水合物反应釜，试验研究用10 MPa压力对水合物进行压实后在不同温度（-10 ℃、-15 ℃和-20 ℃）下的常压分解。

According to the characteristic of city and researching result of correlation in civil and in foreign, The paper had researched the city gas pipelines generally in the way of fuzzy collocation assessment method.

本文运用模糊数学中模糊综合评判方法结合燃气管网在城市的特点，借鉴了国内外关于天然气管道的研究成果，对城市天然气管网的风险评价进行了全面的研究。

The establishment of the company at the end of 2000, formally put into operation in 2001, after a few years, people step constant efforts and hard work, the company has a compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied natural gas, gas mixture, Surge me and the central control of six major series of dozens of product specifications, as domestic gas equipment, a leading provider of complete sets.

公司于2000年底成立，2001年正式投入运营，经过华迈人几年不断的努力和拼搏，公司已拥有压缩天然气、液化石油气、液化天然气、燃气掺混、调压箱及中央控制等六大系列的几十个规格的产品，成为国内燃气设备成套的领先供应商。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。