大鼠

METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats, 9 weeks of age, were injected intraperitoneally with STZ to create diabetes. At 2 week after the models were created, BDNF protein was administered into the vitreous cavities of rats. At 4 week after the models were created, the rats were killed and the retina was removed for Western blotting and Whole-mount immunohistochemistry for TH to observe the changes of TH and dopaminergic amacrine cells in retina.

9周龄Wistar大鼠，链脲佐菌素（streptozotocin，STZ）腹腔注射，制成糖尿病模型，于模型建立2wk后，大鼠眼玻璃体内注射BDNF溶液，于模型建立4wk后，处死大鼠，取出眼球，取视网膜组织进行Western blotting及视网膜铺片免疫组织化学染色检测，观察视网膜中TH水平的变化，从而反映糖尿病大鼠视网膜中多巴胺能无长突细胞水平的变化。

Methods Ten rats were subjected to anatomy following caoutchouc perfusion into the artery by inserting tubes through the heart, 10 were subjected to dissection following artery and vein perfusion, and 10 were subjected to dissection immediately following anesthesia.

采用经心脏插管天然橡胶灌注方法对10只大鼠行动脉灌注后解剖、10只大鼠行动静脉同时灌注后解剖， 10只活体大鼠麻醉后直接解剖，观察大鼠尾动脉情况并测量尾动脉不同平面的外径。

Methods Ten rats were subjected to anatomy following caoutchouc perfusion into the artery by inserting tubes through the heart, 10 were subjected to dissection following artery and vein perfusion, and 10 were subjected to dissection immediately following anesthesia. Diameter of the caudal artery was measured.

采用经心脏插管天然橡胶灌注方法对10只大鼠行动脉灌注后解剖、10只大鼠行动静脉同时灌注后解剖， 10只活体大鼠麻醉后直接解剖，观察大鼠尾动脉情况并测量尾动脉不同平面的外径。

The mechanical strain induces the up-regulation of expression of integrin α2、β1、β3 on the membrane of osteoblasts from 3control group and promoted prolifration and differentiation of osteoblasts from 3control group at 400μstrain. The expression of integrin α2、β1、β3 and Doctorship Thesis of Sichuan University------Abstractsynthesize function of bone matrix in osteobla

上述实验结果提示：16月龄大鼠复制成年人雌激素缺失骨质疏松的模型优于3月龄大鼠骨质疏松模型。2力学刺激可引起正常大鼠和骨质疏大鼠成骨细胞膜表面integrinα2、β1、β3表达

aim to study the efficaciousness of wuling cap-sules for hepatic fibrosis in rats.methods rat models with hepatic fibrosis were induced by ccl4 compound factors and then treated with wuling capsules.pathology of liver sections,hyaluronic acid and procollagencontents in rat liver and serum were examined respectively.results pathological examinations showed that the liver cells of mod-el rats were injured seriously.collagen fibers proliferated and dissected hepatic lobules in model rats.wuling capsules could protect liver cells and reduce degrees of hepatic fibro-sis.the best effects were achieved at3.0g?

目的 研究五灵胶囊对大鼠肝纤维化的作用。方法采用以四氯化碳为主的复合因素致大鼠肝纤维化，观察五灵胶囊对肝组织病理学、肝组织和血清中羟脯氨酸、ⅰ，ⅲ型前胶原含量的影响。结果病理学检查显示，模型组大鼠肝细胞损伤严重，胶原纤维大量增生，形成假小叶。五灵胶囊组大鼠肝细胞结构破坏不明显，肝纤维化程度轻，在3.0g？kg-1 时治疗效果最好。

Objective: The purpose of our studies are gaining a better insight into the effect of genistein on mesangial cell"s phenotype change and ECM expression plus degradation under DN circumstances.We add genistein with different concentrations in high glucose cultured rat mesangial cells;feed DM rats with the single concentration genistein for different days;to explore the expression of SMemb,the mark of mesangial cell"s hypertrophy phenotype change;to examine the synthesis of Fn as well as the change of the balance between MMP-2 and TIMP-l;to comprehend its effect on renal pathological changes of DM rats and some related factors;trying toexplore the possible mechanisms.Through these studies,we will have some information about the experimental value of genistein in DN field.

目的：为了研究金雀异黄素对DN环境下大鼠MC肥大表型转换标志物SMemb和ECM分泌及降解的影响，我们拟在细胞水平以不同浓度的金雀异黄素作用于高糖培养下大鼠MC，在动物水平以同一浓度的金雀异黄素作用于DM大鼠不同时间，观察细胞表型转换标志物SMemb、ECM主要成分Fn、ECM降解酶系统基质金属蛋白酶—2(MMP-2)／基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂—1(TIMP-1)表达的变化，同时观察金雀异黄素对DM大鼠肾脏病理及影响肾脏病进展的糖脂代谢紊乱的影响，并进一步探讨金雀异黄素发挥作用的可能机制；为明确金雀异黄素在DN治疗中的地位及意义提供实验依据。

First, we made a model of exhaustive exercise in rats, and used sucessfully the model in this study. We studied the effects of exhaustive exercise on adhesive behaviour of leukocytes in mesenteric venules by using an intravital microscope video system Its results indicated that the adhesiveness of circulating leukocytes to mesenteric venules enhanced after exhaustive exercise in rats.

首先，本文以游泳方法建立了大鼠模拟运动力竭模型，并成功地将此模型运用到本研究中；设计制作了肠系膜固定有机玻璃板，组成了一套活体显微观察实验系统；研究了大鼠运动力竭前后肠系膜微循环中白细胞粘附行为，结果表明：大鼠运动力竭后肠系膜微循环血流流态发生了明显的改变，大鼠运动力竭后肠系膜微循环中白细胞粘附性增强、白细胞滚动速率降低、在体白细胞变形性减小，将影响微循环正常的灌注，是导致微循环障碍发生发展的一个重要原因，进而最终表现为机体运动能力和运动质量下降。

In order to inquire the causes of occurrence of lipoid pneumonia in rat that were raised in standard SPF animal reproductive area, we used self-reproducing standard SPF rats, male 50 and female 50. All of the rats were divided into 10 groups, raised in standard Barrier system, and fed the standard diets imported from U.S.A.. All animals were divided into 4 stages to sacrifice. Autopsy, histopathological and blood biochemical examination were made at each stage. The results reveal that no lipoid pneumonia were found to occur in the 5, 10 and 26-week-old groups of male and female rats. 40% of male and 60% of female were found to occur slight focal lipoid pneumonia in the 52-week-old groups of rats.

利用成大医学院实验动物中心生产的标准无特定病原大白鼠雌、雄各50只分成10组，在屏障系统中进行实验，使用美国进口的标准实验动物饲料餵食，在一年中分四期剖检，并做病理组织学及血液生化学观察，分析比较结果显示5，10及26周龄的雌、雄大鼠皆未发生类脂质性肺炎。52周龄雌大鼠有60%，雄大鼠有40%观察到患有轻度局部性类脂质性肺炎。

Myocardialβ3-AR density up-regulation obviously(-5.16±0.004 vs -5.13±0.011, P.05)in rats treated with dexamethasone compared with rats treated with saline. 6. Myocardialα1-AR density up-regulation obviously(-5.16±0.017 vs -5.14±0.003, P.01)in rats with CHF compared with normal rats, buffy particle increased in myocardium slice. Gray scale value grew down, and i.e.α1-AR density greatened.

地塞米松治疗的心衰大鼠与注射生理盐水的心衰大鼠相比，心肌的β3-AR明显上调(-5.16±0.004 vs -5.13±0.011， P.05)。6大鼠心衰时，心肌的α1-AR密度明显上调(-5.16±0.017 vs -5.14±0.003， P.01)，免疫组化采集的图像显示，心衰大鼠的心肌切片棕黄色颗粒明显增多，灰度值变小，密度变大。

Some exudation and bleedings happen in the pulmonary alveoli, some inflammatory cells infiltrate into lung tissues; in the serum AMY, ALP, TNF-α, IL-6 increases obviously high, COX-2 expression increase; The expression of NF-κB in big rat lung of SAP increase, and the nucleus is thick dyed, it explain that the NF-κ moved into the nucleus; Stimulate the inflamatory reaction.

我们的实验中见到SAP组的大鼠肺脏组织细胞腔扩大、肺泡壁断裂，有的出现肺大泡，肺泡内伴有渗出及少量非出血，肺组织可见咽细胞浸润；血清中AMY、ALP、TNF-α、IL-6明显增高；在SAP组大鼠肝细胞、肾小管上皮细胞、肺脏小气管及肺泡上皮上COX-2表达增加；NF-κB在SAP大鼠肺脏中表达增加，并且出现核浓染，说明NF-κB前移入核；启动炎症反应等一系列反应SAP大鼠受损伤的肺组织中AQP-1无论在mRNA水平上、蛋白水平上还是免疫组化染色病理学检测上都明显下降。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。