大脑皮层

The results observed showed that pathological changes consisting of destructive meningoencephalitis and large, basophilic, intranuclear and acidophilous intracy toplasmic neuronal inclusions of viral type occurred in the fetal mouse brain.

待雌鼠临产时剖腹取出胎鼠脑双侧大脑皮层，进行病毒分离、病理学检测及用地高辛标记的HCMV寡核苷酸探针对大脑皮层细胞压印片进行原位分子杂交检测。

Hepcidin mRNA was expressed in the mice brain.Total RNA was extracted from choroid plexus, cerebral cortex, diencephalon and mesencephalon, cerebellum, medulla oblongata and pons in mice. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that hepcidin mRNA was expressed in all areas of mouse brain, in choroid plexus the mRNA expression was highest, although its level is generally lower than that of liver. The PCR products were purified and verified the sequence.

小鼠脑内有hepcidin基因表达提取小鼠脑脉络丛、大脑皮层、间脑及中脑、小脑和脑桥与延髓组织总RNA进行RT-PCR表明，大脑皮层、间脑和中脑、小脑、脑桥与延髓、脉络丛均有hepcidin表达，其中以脉络丛表达较高，但与肝脏相比，表达量较低。

Phycoerythrin was microinjected into the right parietal lobe of the rat cerebral cortex.

将荧光蛋白作为脑淋巴引流的示踪剂微量注射到大鼠大脑皮层内，用荧光显微镜观察其在大脑皮层和颈部淋巴结的分布。

24H treatment group compared with 24h model group: the density of light of HSP70 of the group increased and which of TGF-β〓, is not different with the model group; the density of the light the HSP70 of the Baicalin group increased and which of it the TGF-β〓, increased with the model group; the density of light of the Concha Margatitifera Usta is not different and which of TGF-β〓, increased with the model group; the density of light of the Cholic Acid group is not different and the density of light of it of TGF-β〓 increased with the model group; the density of light of the Hefang Group is not different and which of TGF-β〓 is not different than the model group.

合方治疗脑缺血12小时组缺血脑组织TGF-β1光密度值较缺血12小时模型组无显著性差异（p＞0.05）。本实验结果发现，与单纯缺血12小时、24小时大鼠相比，药物干预组缺血侧大脑皮层TGF-β1免疫反应明显增强，计算机辅助图像半定量分析两组间缺血侧大脑皮层TGF-β1免疫阳性细胞数差异非常显著。说明药物对局灶性脑缺血损伤可能有一定保护作用，其机制可能与诱导脑细胞TGF-β1合成增加有关。然而，药物调控TGF-β1表达，其促TGF-β1表达增强的机制可能是这样的：脑缺血时TGF-β1mRNA表达增加可能与缺氧诱导神经和胶质细胞刺激生长因子表达有关。

Methods Rats were exposed to S band HPM which average power densities were respectively 2~90 mW/cm^2. HE staining, Toluidine blue staining and electron telescope were used to study the change of the structure of cortex, and high performance liquid chromatography was used to study the changes of 4 amino acids (glutaminic acid, asparagic acid, GABA and glycine) of cortex in 6 h and 1d after exposure to 10 and 50mW/cm^2 HPM.

采用2~90mW/平方公分S波段高功率微波辐照Wistar大鼠，通过苏素素－伊红染色、甲苯胺蓝染色和电镜观察大脑皮层的形态结构改变；采用高效液相色谱仪检测10和50mW/平方公分照后6h和ld大脑皮层中4种氨基酸(谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和甘氨酸)含量的变化。

Results: Neonatal rats in hypoxic-ischemicgroup behaved restlessness, cyanosis, deep and rapid breath, astasia, lethargy, irritation and spasm; There were local pyknosis, fragmentation, dissymmetry, blur or disappearance of nucleoli, raritas of ground substance in left cerebral cortex; but there was no statistic significance in chinese traditional medicine group and sham group. The expression of HIF-1α mRNA in brain tissue of experimental group and chinese traditional medicine group were higher than that in sham group, especially chinese traditional medicine group at 3d; HIF-1α positive cells were found in cerebral cortex and hippocampus. There were more HIF-1α positive cells in experimental group and chinese traditional medicine group and mainly in vascular endothelial cells.

结果 缺氧缺血后大鼠相继表现为烦躁不安、全身发给、呼吸加深加快、站立不稳、嗜睡、激惹或间断发作的痉挛和抽搐；HE染色显示实验组大鼠左侧大脑皮层出现局灶性神经元核固缩，核碎裂，核仁偏位，不清或消失，基质疏松；中药组大鼠脑组织结构基本接近假手术组，无明显水肿和坏死表现；实验组和中药组大鼠脑组织HIF-1α mRNA表达较假手术组明显增加，尤其是中药组实验第3日者；免疫组化显示实验组和中药组各时间点大鼠大脑皮层和海马区均可见不同程度的HIF-1α表达，明显高于假手术组，阳性表达主要在血管内皮细胞，海马和皮层的锥体细胞亦有HIF-1α阳性细胞分布。

Results: Both Pur and Hup-A improved learning memory ability of I/R mice, the effect of Pur group was better and the effect of combination group was the most significant. Both Pur and Hup-A decreased neuron apoptosis and raised content of monoamine nervous transmitter of I/R mice. The cortex neuron apoptosis rate in combination group was lower than that in Hup-A group,the homovanillic acid level of cerebral cortex in combination group was higher than that of Pur group.

结果：Pur（120 mg/kg）或Hup-A（400 μg/kg）都可提高I/R小鼠的学习记忆成绩，Pur组的作用优于Hup-A组，联合用药组（Hup-A 200 μg/kg+Pur 60 mg/kg）作用最强；各用药组都可降低大脑皮层细胞凋亡率，升高大脑皮层某些单胺类递质水平，其中，联合用药组的大脑皮层细胞凋亡率低于Hup-A组，大脑皮层高香草酸水平高于Pur组。

We didn\'t find activated points in cerebellum and deeper brain.3.Acupuncture of sham point can significantly activated BA2,6,8,13,21,37,40,44,45,47,putamen and other areas.Both the left and right side of the brain have activated points,but points on the right side are more than those on the left.Both sides of middle temporal gyms,parietal lobule,supramarginal gyms and the lentiform nucleus have obvious activated points.The activated points mainly concentrated in the cerebral cortex,the deep-activated are mainly in the putamen.4. Sham needling in sham point can significantly activate BA6, 8,9,10,18,21,37,40,43,44.The activated points are mainly distributed in the right side of the brain.The left side also has some activated points;5.In the comparasion of Acupunture and sham-needling in S J5,we find that BA8 and cerebellum have distinct regional activated points;6.In the comparasion of acupuncture in SJ5 and sham point,we find BA2 and left cerebellar regions have activated points;7.Sham needling in S J5 compared with sham point,we find BA7,8,9,18 and other areas have activated points,the main activated points are at the left brain.It is not difficult to find that the distribution of activated points are mainly in the middle brain,no obvious activated points at the temporal lobe.

结果：通过对数据的处理和分析，我们初步发现：1、外关穴真针刺能显著激活Brodmann area45、37、44、40、22、13、37、47区、海马、杏仁核、黑质等区域，小脑左侧更明显，左侧颞叶皮层激活点多于右侧，且脑部左侧深层激活点多于右侧；2、外关穴假针刺能显著激活BA46、44、41、13、40、37、19区等区域，激活点主要集中表现在大脑皮层，以颞叶为主，小脑及深部未发现明显激活点；3、非穴真针刺组结果分析初步表明，BA2、6、8、13、21、37、40、44、45、47区以及壳核等区域有激活点，大脑左、右侧均有激活点，但右侧更多，双侧颞中回、顶叶下小叶、缘上回及豆状核有明显激活点，激活点主要集中在大脑皮层，深部激活点主要在壳核；4、非穴假针刺能显著激活BA6、8、9、10、18、21、37、40、43、44区等区域有激活点，主要分布在大脑的右侧，左侧也有不少激活点，就其具体分布主要在颞叶和额叶，少部分分布在顶叶和枕叶；5、外关穴真针刺与假针刺对比发现，BA8区和小脑等区域有明显的激活点；6、外关穴真针刺与非穴真针刺对比发现BA2区、左侧小脑等区域有激活点；7、外关穴假针刺与非穴假针刺对比发现，BA7、8、9、18等区有激活点，主要反应点在左侧大脑的枕叶中回、楔叶，顶叶楔前叶及额上回、中回，就其分布不难看出主要在大脑中部，颞叶未见明显激活点。

Results Pycnosis and deep staining of neurons, deposits of synapse vesicles and bluring of synapses, fusion and dissociatio of myelin sheaths which were exposed to 10, 50 and 90 mW/cm^2 HPM were observed. The contents of the above four amino acids elevated more markedly on 6 h than those of controls, but on 1 d only the elevation of GABA and glycine after exposure to 10 and 50 mW/cm^2 HPM was observed.

结果平均功率密度10，50和90mW/平方公分S波段高功率微波可引起大脑皮层神经元固缩、深染，尼氏体减少；突触结构模糊，囊泡堆积；髓鞘融合、解离等。10和50mW/平方公分组照后6h大脑皮层上述4种氨基酸含量均显著增高(P.01)；而照后ld仅见γ-氨基丁酸和甘氨酸含量仍较高(P.01)。

ADHD kids have a hard time with working memory because they lack adequate cortical arousal, and Rapport believes that their squirms and fidgets help stimulate that arousal.

ADHD 儿童由于缺乏合适的大脑皮层刺激而有工作记忆问题，拉坡相信他们的蠕动和坐立不安有利于刺激大脑皮层。

I can still vividly recall the impressive scenes you gave. You were among my friends and relatives who accompanied me from my house to the seaport and when the porters were slow to show up, you obligingly carried my suitcase for me.

你对我的种种感人情意，使我记忆犹新，那天你随着我的亲友从家里送我上轮船，搬运工迟迟不来，你毅然替我提着皮箱上船。

St. Nicholas became the patron saint of Russia, where he was famous for his red cape, flowing white beard, and bishop's mitre.

圣尼古拉成了俄罗斯人的守护神，在那里，他以身披红斗篷，留着飘逸的白胡须，戴着主教法冠而闻名。