大尺度

Significant improvements to the TOPMODEL were made on the distributed computation of runoff yield in the mesh scale which is equivalent to that of DEM in one hand,and an isochrones hydrograph was calibrated from rainfallrunoff observations for watershed convergence simulations on the other hand.These improvements were made to enhance the simulation ability of the TOPMODEL,meanwhile to extend the model′s adoptability in rainfallrunoff simulations to middle and large scale watersheds.

考虑到流域地形、下垫面条件及流域气象条件的空间差异性，将TOPMODEL的产流计算细化到每个栅格，以改进模型的分布式计算，并在考虑地形坡度影响的情况下，根据降水-径流资料优选出的参数率定等流时线、利用率定的等流时线进行流域的汇流计算，以提升TOPMODEL在中、大尺度流域模拟演算的能力。

Resolution of the tidal velocities into onshore-offshore and alongshore components indicates that the latter is of equal magnitude to the former.

潮滩滩面输沙输水的向离岸及平行岸线分量属同一量级，因而滩面水沙的沿岸输送，与水沙的净向岸输移一起，构成水沙大尺度水平输移格局。

Elongated, cylindrical body with short anal fin and large scales.

芒、 圆柱身体短肛管翅片与大尺度。

Result proof, because can be calculated accurately to large scale backset, big eddy imitate compares S-A model to have taller precision on computation of function of pneumatic of wind energy conversion system.

结果证实，由于能够对大尺度涡流精确计算，大涡模拟比S-A模型在风力机气动性能计算上具有更高的精度。

The above research results provide a solid basis for prediction and control of large-scale destabilization in the mine.

研究结果为6m厚煤层一次采全厚形成的大尺度采空区大范围失稳的预报与最终安全控制提供了定性和定量化依据。

Firstly, urban space's development course and actuality of space's patterns are reviewed contrastly in the paper abroad and home. Then, existing problems of urban space at present in our country are discussed stressly:"Ten Faulty Expressions in Writing" of urban construction;"the Movement of Beautifying City" in china; the problem of urban characteristic; the problem of reforming of old city; the problem of residential segregation. The above problems' formed reasons and countermeasures are put forward. Then, the example of Xi'an and its existing problems of urban space and several countermeasures are analyzed in the paper. The transformation of three sections realized in the planning thought of urban space is put forward: from "elitism" to "plebeianism"; from mega-urban project design to "daily living space" and from "technology first" to "human-oriented".

论文首先从中西方城市空间形态的演变历程入手，对比分析了国内外的空间形态现状，重点论述了当前我国存在的城市空间问题：城市建设"十大败笔"；中国"城市美化"运动；城市特色问题；旧城改造问题以及空间分异问题，分析了其形成原因并得出了解决途径，然后对西安进行了实例分析，总结出其城市空间存在问题并提出几点对策，接下来提出了城市空间规划理念应实现的三个方向的转变：从"精英主义"向"平民主义"理念转变、从大尺度城市设计向"日常生活空间"营造转变以及从"技术至上"向"以人为本"理念转变。

The journal established in 1991, focuses on the field of macroecology: the study of broad, consistent patterns in the ecological characteristics of organisms and ecosystems, including studies addressing general ecological hypotheses, exploring and testing using data of broad geographic, taxonomic, or temporal scope; studies documenting ecological and biogeographic patterns, theoretical studies exploring the causes of those patterns, applied studies of impacts of anthropogenic influences, as well as methodological studies of the tools used to study these problems; broad-scale patterns of biodiversity, ecosystem responses to global climate change, historical and evolutionary biogeography, remote sensing of ecosystem properties, species abundance and species range patters, and statistical methodologies.

杂志创刊于1991年，主要致力于大生态学：生物体的生态学特征和生态系统广泛一致的研究，包括介绍普通生态学假设，通过地理学，分类学，或有限范围内的数据探索和试验的研究；验证生态学和生物地理学模式的研究，探索这些模式原因的理论研究，人为影响的应用研究，以及用于研究这些问题的工具的方法学研究；大尺度生物多样性模式的研究，生态系统对全球气候变化的反应，历史和进化生物地理学，生态系统的遥测，物种的丰度和物种变化模式，以及统计学方法论。

But the algorithm involves big matrix computation except the scaling coefficient vector and the wavelet coefficient vector at the coarsest scale.

不足之处是较大尺度的小波系数较长，存在较高维数的向量和矩阵运算，计算量大。

When towed fish is towed in the direction perpendicular with the lineation of hinge line of sand waves, the wave length and dipping angles, can be determined from the sonar image at nadir. Under the circumstance, whether the shape of the sand wave is symmetric or not can be shown and the main direction of sediment transportation can be pointed out.

依据相对大尺度的砂波，在拖鱼指向与砂波脊线成大角度斜交时，该波形可在拖鱼正下方影像显示，并且可以辨识该波长与坡倾角，以判定此砂波为对称波形，或非对称波形，来指示沉积物的净搬运方向。

The distribution of Pb and 〓 in snow along two major trajecteries of ice stream (Trans-polar Drift Stream and Beaufort Gyre) indicates that the tracks of pollution airmasses invading Central Arctic Ocean are mainly from Eurasia and Northwest America.

大尺度海冰流上覆积雪中记录了洋流途经海域的大气环境信息，是监测现代大气环境的有效介质。北冰洋不同海冰流上覆积雪内nss Cl〓、nss SO〓、Pb及其稳定同位素比率等的分布，显示两大海冰流积雪化学具有明显差异，并据此判断影响北冰洋中心地带冬春季大气环境的中低纬污染气团主要源于欧亚大陆和北美洲西部。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。