大尺度

The most serious desertification occurred in southeast of MuSu Desert,then appeared inferior degree in midst,north,south and east,anddegression degree in other directions.6.The changes of environment in Mu Su Desert in historical times havebeen controlled by climatic changes in temperature and drought-wetwithin hundreds or thousands years.At present,it came into being suchspatial structure and environmental characteristics fordesertification land because of being relative to other naturalgeographic characters and human activities.In all that,physiognomyand hiemal wind are the driving factors.The sandy matter in stratumis the physical fountain factor.The depravation of surface water inthis region is one of representations of environmental changes, meanwhile,it is also the factor which leads to the degradation ofvegetation and desertification.On the whole,human activity has actedupon these natural elements,becoming a dominant factor in the regionalenvironment changes since Ming and Qing dynasty.7.Influencing of human activities on the environment of Mu Su Deserthad occurred before Qin dynasty,and its intensity of earlier influencewas so slight that it could not cause a large scope and long timeenvironmental changes.

沙漠化的程度是东南部最强，中北部、南部和东部次之，而后向其他方向递减。6、毛乌素沙地历史时期的环境变化是受百年乃至千年尺度的气候冷暖、干湿变化控制的，之所以形成目前这样的沙漠化土地空间分布格局和环境特征，则与其地的自然地理特征和人类活动有密切关系，其中地貌及冬季风是动力因素；地层中的沙物质是物源因素；地表水环境恶化是区域环境变化的表现之一，同时又是植被退化和沙漠化的引致因素；人类活动总体上是叠加在自然因素之上的，只是明清以来在局地环境变化中成为主导因素。7、毛乌素沙地人类活动的环境影响在先秦时期就已出现，早期的影响程度是轻微的，不足以造成大范围、长时段的环境变化。

The main conclusions are that the water resources redistribution for the recovering of the E'jina oasis has very significant effectiveness. The planned Zhengyixia hydraulic engineering works may not be practicable for it may result in the ecological degradation in periphery of the oasis.

流域调水等治理措施使下游天然绿洲萎缩和生态退化的趋势得到一定程度的遏制；拟建的正义峡水库和输水渠道等水利工程可保护额济纳绿洲核心地带生态，但带来外围天然生态植被的退化，需要进行大时空尺度的生态影响分析论证。

Fault controlled not only the evolution and the transverse inhomogenity of regional tectonics, but also the laminary structure of the earth crust-lithosphere.

断裂以不同形式产出于地壳～岩石圈的表层、中深层和深层，其规模小到以毫米计或更小尺度，大可到全球范围。

The technical freedom permitted by the reducing machine , which allowed artists to model on a large scale while still achieving the effect of fine detail when their work was reduced , led in turn to an enormous rise of interest in medallic art .

由粉碎机所提供的技术上的自由，使得艺术家可以在大的尺度上制模完成精巧的细部效果，并同时能够减少他们的工作量，这导致了对章牌艺术的兴趣的巨大提升。

According to the characteristic of silver nanoparticles, their uniform dispersion in reaction media was obtained by surface modification, ultrasonic radiation and the select of emulsion, and then emulsion polymerization system were formed by combination with reactive monomer and initiator. Nano-Ag/Polystyrene core-shell particles were prepared by emulsion polymerization and their microstructure were characterized by TEM, FTIR, XPS, AFM and TG/DTA. The experimental results showed that silver nanoparticles were coated by polymer and the composite particles had typical core/shell structure, and the microlevel combination was realized. Meantime, the form mechanism of nano-Ag/polystyrene core-shell particles was tentatively researched. The conclusion is that the perfect coating was able to obtained by the control of reaction condition.

根据纳米银粒子的特性，借助于表面处理、超声辐照以及乳化剂的选择，使其均匀分散在反应介质中，再与反应单体、引发剂等形成乳液聚合体系；采用乳液聚合方法、包裹聚合方式，制备出纳米银/聚苯乙烯核壳复合粒子，并借助于TEM、FTIR、 XPS、AFM、TG/DTA等分析手段对复合粒子微观结构进行了表征；结果表明：纳米银粒子表面被聚合物层包覆，复合粒子呈明显的核壳结构，实现了微观尺度上的复合；同时，初步探讨了纳米银/聚苯乙烯核壳复合粒子的形成机理，指出：通过控制反应条件，可以使形成纳米银/聚苯乙烯核壳复合粒子的聚合反应方式占主导地位，实现最大限度地包覆。

Winter snowfall process was stable and extensive. The microphysical characteristics were smaller than that of Autumn.

冬季层状云降雪是比较稳定的尺度很大的降雪过程，雪融滴谱特征值在整个降雪过程中的变化比秋季层状云降水要小。

Aspect, rather than spatial scale, had the largest impact on undercanopy light. In forests with rough topography, utilizing transects that run from the ridge to the valley is more likely to adequately characterize spatial heterogeneity than plots or a few longer transects.

在福山试验林，坡向较空间尺度对林下光照有更大的影响，因此在地形起伏剧烈如福山试验林的地区，利用多条由稜线延伸至溪谷的样线，比少数几条绵延甚长的样线或样区更能充分涵盖空间的异质性。

During the establishment of sediment yield dynamic model at the watershed outlet, it was difficult for us to carry out dynamic monitoring of each impact factors in the whole basin, because it was a long time research and was in very large-scale watershed. Taking into account the interannual variability of sediment yield mainly affected by hydrological conditions of rainfall - runoff and underlaying surface changes caused by soil conservation measures, a combined influence factor which is related to surface runoff modulus and the implementation time of the water and soil conservation project was proposed for the first time. Furthermore, its specific expression was determined through dimensional analysis and non-linear regression multianalysis.

在流域输沙量动态模型的建立中，由于研究时段长、研究流域尺度大，对输沙量各影响因子进行全流域逐年动态监测十分困难，考虑输沙量的年际变化主要受降雨-径流水文条件和水土保持措施等土地管理活动的影响，首次提出与地表径流模数和治理时间相关的综合影响因子，并通过因次分析法和二元非线型回归法确定了具体的表达式。

People of Berlin and people of the world, the scale of our challenge is great.

柏林的人们，全世界的人们，我们挑战的尺度很大。

But,large value of wavelet scale makes the gray distribution of the reconstructed image in axial direction to be oscillated,which has a negative effect on the identification and locating of particles.

但是，较大的小波尺度将使重建图像的灰度分布在光轴方向产生振荡，不利于颗粒的空间定位。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。