大坡度

Technical Analysis of Ballastless Track of DB and ProposalsXin Xuezhong Abstract Ballastless track features little maintenance,high reliability,long service life,low cost compared to its service life, low structure height, large transverse track resistance, ballast splashing—proof,and flexible superelevation and gradient.

文章摘要：摘要：由于无碴轨道具有维修量小，稳定性好，使用寿命长，全寿命周期费用低，结构高度低，横向轨道阻力大，可避免飞碴，超高、坡度设置灵活等优点，在德国高速铁路建设中受到重视，得到了广泛应用，并形成了Rheda、Zt~BLIN、BERLIN、B6GL等系列产品。

Technical Analysis of Ballastless Track of DB and ProposalsXin Xuezhong Abstract Ballastless track features little maintenance,high reliability,long service life,low cost compared to its service life, low structure height, large transverse track resistance, ballast splashing—proof,and flexible superelevation and gradient.

由于无碴轨道具有维修量小，稳定性好，使用寿命长，全寿命周期费用低，结构高度低，横向轨道阻力大，可避免飞碴，超高、坡度设置灵活等优点，在德国高速铁路建设中受到重视，得到了广泛应用，并形成了Rheda、Zt~BLIN、BERLIN、B6GL等系列产品。

The methods of plane arrangement and checking of bowl-button steel scaffold were demonstrated in detail based on the engineering construction of cast-in-place Continuous beam in Houyan Cross-bridge of Shenda Highway. In addition, the methods of communicating the length of U-tray and adjusting the gradient have been given. It is pointed out that original pod can adjust the greater longitudinal or tranverse grade in the box-girder construction and welding-steel-bar can reduce partial compression.

通过后盐立交桥连续箱梁施工这一工程实例，详细论述了碗扣式钢管脚支架的平面布置方法及受力验算方法，提出了碗扣式钢管脚支架的U托旋出长度的计算方法及纵横坡的调整方法，并指出采用找零立杆的方法可以解决较大纵横坡度箱梁的施工问题；采用贴焊钢筋的方法可以解决U托偏心受压的间题。

The fall-down stems chiefly distribute at the middle of slope and both side of the ridge. Their appearing frequency is in positive ratio to slope; The ones at middle of the slope are mainly shadow-intolerant tree species of small size, those at the side slope of ridge are mostly the big-sized dominant species in the community.

倒伏木主要分布在海拔1200～1800m之间坡面中部和顶脊两侧，发生频率与坡度成正比；坡地中部以中、小径级阳性树种为主，山坡顶脊两侧的倒伏木则多为大径级的群落优势种。

Each round of the mow competition consists of a single run down a steep, heavily moguled course,stressing technical turns,speed and aerial maneuvres.

雪上特技每轮比赛包括一次速降滑行，滑下坡度较大的陡峭雪场，它强调技术转弯、速度和空中表演。

And has the characteristics of larger net area and single water discharge area with a rather small slope requirement.

该系统适用于商业用房和购物中心、仓库等，具有较大净面积和单一排水区的特点，一般坡度要求较小。

Roughness coefficients in rills that are easily affected by the slope gradient, are closely related to Reynolds number.

细沟流阻力系数的大小与水流雷诺数有关，但其变化趋势受坡度的影响较大。

In our country, many railways that were built in mountainous area have heavy gradient and curves with small radius. The radiuses of curves limit the speed of train.

我国幅员辽阔，有相当多的铁路处于山区，线路坡度大、曲线半径小，线路的曲线半径限制了列车速度的提高。

It is shown that it is difficulty to differentiate each vegetation type among sub-tropical evergreen forest, sub-tropical coniferous forest and sub-tropical deciduous forest because of the mixture of their tree spectra. According to the reflection index in the wavelengths of 750 nm to 1 100 nm, the tree species can be divided into 4 groups with descend in reflectivity. Each tree specie can be differentiated from each other according to its slope of the spectrum curve and its reflection index in the wavelengths of 770 nm to 1 010 nm for each forest vegetation type. The unique first order derivative feature can be used to identify litsea, alder, fir, red birch, southwest birch, large schima confertiflora, taiwania flousian and small leaf schima confertiflora.

研究表明：亚热带常绿阔叶林、亚热带针叶林和亚热带落叶阔叶林等植被类型，因其树种间光谱特征混淆严重，而难以彼此区分；根据其反射率在750~1 100 nm范围上的差异，可将其归为4类；就各植被类型而言，其树种间在光谱曲线坡度，以及在770~1 010 nm范围上具有显著差异，可据此将其区分；木姜子、桤木、杉木、红桦、大叶木荷、秃杉和小叶木荷等因具有独特的光谱一阶导数特征，据此可以识别提取。

The treadmill training of T-group rats were continuously trained for 4~6 weeks at the intensity of about 75% VO2max (185～24m／min,gradient of 0°,each motion lasting 50 minutes,twice a day).

运动训练组大鼠进行连续4～6wk强度约为75％VO2max18.5～24m／min，坡度为0°，每次运动50min

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。