大体的

In other words, localization can be performed based on a general scene. In this thesis, we adopt Spatial Gaussian Mixture Model in image segmentation to describe an image viewed by the robot in spatial domain without any artificial landmark. Secondly, we use a modified combination algorithm by Cyr and Kimia to combine similar data. It is found out that a monotonic relationship exists among the scene registered and its neighborhood in terms of distance. This phenomenon can be used to assist to localize the robot and this work demonstrate the feasibility by several experiments.

本论文中采用高斯混合模型(Gaussian Mixture Model， GMM)来描述空间中的场景，将场景概念化，这样任意的场景皆可以用高斯混合模型来表达，而无需加入大量的人工场景，接著将所获取的每个希望校正点的资料采用由修改后的Cyr and Kimia的结合演算法来减低及统合资料，当场景接近原本的当初建立的场景，经由最大可能性大体上会呈现单调的特色，将辅助机器人修正回原本的位置，以达到协助机器人定位的目标。

PCFK series of pairs of counter-reversible hammer crusher is a new crushing equipment, mainly by knock-on effects to broken materials, broken process in general is this: the material falling into the break in the world, imported high-speed rotation of the hammer impact face was against the entrance of the adjustable crusher tooth wear plate, for the first time broken, broken after the particles basically the same material evenly into the main break, the secondary primary crushing, crushing in the main chamber has been uniformly The material was re-kinetic energy particles from the hammer, high-speed rushed back inside the jagged cavity lining was broken, due to the special lining sawtooth-shaped structure.

PCFK系列可逆双反击锤式破碎机是一种新型破碎设备，主要是靠冲击作用来破碎物料的，破碎过程大体是这样的：落下的物料进入破世界进口后，遇到高速旋转的锤头冲击而被打击到破碎机进口处的可调耐磨齿板上，进行首次破碎，破碎后颗粒基本相同的物料均匀的进入主破碎内，进行二次主破碎，在主破碎腔内已被均匀的物料颗粒从锤头再次获得动能，高速冲向反击腔内部的锯齿形衬板而被破碎，由于衬板特殊的锯齿形结构。

Left-wing literati who dominated Hong Kong literary circle launched different animadverts including attacking Xu Zhong-nian\'s materialistic view of literature, Gu Yi-qiao\'s renaissance and Qian Zhong-shu\'s Fortress Besieged. The phrases and tactics they used settled the basic form of criticism in New China.The First Congress of Literary and Art Workers was convened in Beijing in July 1949. Its reconstruction of literatus under the delegation system, its dense political and martial atmosphere, and its rewriting of May Forth literature, all symbolized the establishment of new literary pattern and the commencement of "contemporary Chinese literature".

首先，考察战后香港文学环境的大体状貌及左翼文化活动的主要内容；然后，逐一梳理左翼主流派发动的各类批判，着重分析对徐仲年"唯生主义文艺观"、顾一樵"文艺复兴论"和钱钟书《围城》的批判；最后，概括左翼文艺批判的基本范式。1949年7月，第一次文代会在北京召开，其代表制对作家队伍的重构、政治领导文艺的氛围、对"五四"新文学的重新叙述，都表明新的文学格局已经形成，"当代文学"的进程已经开始。

Some innovative results are listed below:1、According to the lithologic characters,lithofacies,genetic classification and the geomorphy,the Quaternary system is divided into piedmont-gully\'s and plain\'s. The piedmont-gully\'s Quaternary sediment,which is about 3～20 meters in thick,is in the western hills of the study area.The plain\'s Quaternary sediment is widely distributed in the study area,which is about 30～60meters thick and become thicker from southwest to northeast.2、The Quaternary sediments of plain can be divided into five sedimentary cycles.The Late Pleistocene series Quantan group,at the bottom of the Quaternary System,is constituted by a fluvial facies-river and lake facies sedimentary cycle. The Late Pleistocene series Jiashan group,at the middle of the Quaternary sediment, is constituted by two fluvial facies-neritic facies-river and lake facies sedimentary cycles.The Holocene series Binhai group,at the upper of the Quaternary sediment, is divided into three parts,the under layer and middle layer are constituted by two littoral facies-river and lake facies sedimentary cycles,the upper layer is constituted by paludal facies,which was deposited at the lower-lying land like West Lake, Jiangcun-Gu dang,Xianghu lake,and coastal-estuary facies in other area.3、Folding and fault activities were weak in Quaternary and the tectonic activity had little influence on the Quaternary sedimentation.The ancient landforms,the evolvement of the river system and transgression were the main elements which controlled the Quaternary sedimentation in Hangzhou.The ancient landforms formed the basis of the Quaternary sedimentation.The evolvement of the river system and transgression individually or jointly controlled the Quaternary sedimentation of this area.4、The alternation of the climate was the main reason for the evolvement of the river systems and transgression,and it\'s also the reason why the Quaternary system of Hangzhou has the special sedimentary structure which is called soft interbed with hard layers.

通过研究取得了以下成果：1、根据岩性、岩相、成因类型和地貌特点，将本区第四系划分为山麓沟谷区沉积和平原区沉积：山麓沟谷区第四系主要分布于西部丘陵地区，厚度较薄且变幅大，一般厚3～20m；平原区第四系广布分区，由南西向北东逐渐增厚，一般厚30～60m.2、平原区第四系自下而上大体由五个完整或不完整的沉积旋回构成：底部上更新统全塘组，由河流相—河湖相的沉积旋回构成；中部上更新统嘉善组，由河流相—浅海相—河湖相两个沉积旋回构成；上部全新统滨海组，其下中两段由滨海海湾相—河湖相的两个沉积旋回构成，上段由西湖、蒋村—古荡、湘湖等低洼处沉积的湖沼相和其他地区沉积的滨海河口相构成。3、第四纪以来，研究区内褶皱、断裂活动微弱，构造运动对第四系沉积的影响不大，古地形、古水系的发育、变迁和海侵是杭州市第四系沉积的主要控制因素：古地形构成了第四系沉积的基底，水系与海侵在其后的不同阶段或分别或联合的主导了区内的第四系沉积。4、水系的发育、变迁和海侵的共同原因是天气变化，正是由于第四纪以来"冷热交替"的天气特点形成了杭州市第四系"软硬互层"的特殊沉积结构。

Some work directly connects to traditional Chinese art. The relationship between the portrayer of the object and the objected being portrayed is fundamentally altered. Therefore, multiple visual layers emerge. By creating a self-content painting world, this type of work reinterprets the literati paintings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. While addressing ontological issues for painting, the work implies the elegant literati taste the artist is born with. Some works emphasize the interaction between space and traditional art materials, mechanically carrying out a repetition of a traditional scene.

参加"诗意现实：对江南的再解读"展览的近三十位艺术家的作品，我以为，也许大体可以把它们分为下面几种类型：有的直接与中国的艺术精神相续，在媒介和再现对象之间进行图像"转译"，并形成多重的视觉套层，从而建立起一个自足的绘画世界，来实现对明清文人画的重新审看和临写，在对绘画的本体问题进行实验的同时，传达自己与身俱来的优雅的文人意趣。

With the translation of Buddhist scriptures into Japan's gradual understanding of the "China" and began referring to the use of such air and sea in its master of poetry,"Ling-set","China is Taiwan's Yue Man sequence" of the sentence, of course, at that time "Shina language with a copy of the translators Buddhist usage, but is not common reason for this is has always been to China, said the Japanese usually morokoshi, tohn, and so on, these are the Japanese characters for" Don "the pronunciation Generally reflect the Chinese culture, especially culture of the Tang Dynasty of Japan's far-reaching impact on later Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties change, said Japan can not change China as "Don" habit did not change the Japanese Chinese culture of respect, admiration psychological. In 1713, Whitehead Arai from Edo shogunate orders, inquiries were drifting in Rome to talk too much about the history, a lot of opportunity to understand the world situation, a reference to China's "Kun Maps", Prepared for a title,"Song laid Introduction," in the world geography, history and more from his Department to listen to on the pronunciation of chi-na, to use katakana and that in the lower left-hand corner is attached to "Shina.

随着佛经的译入，日本逐渐了解"支那"所指并开始使用，如海空大师在其诗集《性灵集》中，有"支那台岳曼殊序"之句，当然，那时"支那一语带有模仿佛经译者的用法，但并不普遍，究其原因，主要是一直以来，日本人通常称中国为morokoshi、tohn等，这些都是日本人对汉字"唐"的读音，大体反映了中国文化，特别是唐朝文化对日本的深远影响，以致后来宋、元、明、清历代更迭，都无法更改日本人称中国为"唐"的习惯，也没改变日本人对中国文化崇敬、羡慕的心理。1713年，新井白石奉江户幕府之命，查询罗马的漂流者史多提，趁机了解了不少世界情势，参考了中国的《坤舆图说》，编写了一本题名为《宋览导言》的世界地理书，他把从史多提处听来的关于chi—na的读音，用片假名来表示并在左下角附以"支那字样。

The relegated literature since The Book of Songs,including Quyuan's Chuci , Jiayi's relegated essays, Jiangyan's articles, till to Hanyu's, Liuzongyuan's masterpieces when they were demoted in Tang dynasty, those article were developed mostly in complaints and anger, what the writers they expressed are the holding bitterness, unrelieved worriment, as well as the anger and the hate for the corrupted officers.

诗经》以来的贬谪文学，包括屈原的《楚辞》、贾谊的贬谪散文、江淹的赋作，以至于到唐代的韩愈、柳宗元在遭贬期间创作的文学作品，大体是在怨愤格局中发展的，他们抒发的是抑郁的愁思、无法排遣的苦闷，及对奸臣群小的愤恨之情。

Second is studying the traumatic condition changes in a choosey pressure at different post-PT phases. Moreover, we detected model PLA_2 activity, express of PLA_2 subtype mRNA by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR technique, protein express and site by Western blot and IHC at different post-PT phases. At last, we studied the PLA_2 inhibited effects and model protection of Variabilin in vivo.

研究在不同压强的外力作用下，模型指定时相点的一般情况和存活率、大体、光镜及电镜下胰腺组织的病理变化和常规酶学变化，得到稳定建模致伤压强；然后，固定致伤压强，研究胰腺创伤后不同时相点的伤情变化(包括一般情况、胰腺组织的病理变化、AMS和LPS活性变化、血常规、血生化、胰腺细胞凋亡以及胰腺组织细胞生长周期变化情况)；再次，采用3H-花生四烯酸标记大肠杆菌膜作为底物的方法检测大鼠胰腺创伤后不同时相点的PLA_2活性，利用荧光定量RT-PCR技术检测其亚型mRNA的表达，利用Western blot和IHC技术检测其蛋白表达量和蛋白组织定位；最后，将Variabilin体内应用于急性胰腺创伤大鼠模型，研究其对模型的保护作用和对PLA_2的抑制效应。

Darwin continued to research and extensively revise his theory while focusing on his main work of publishing the scientific results of the Beagle voyage. He tentatively wrote of his ideas to Lyell in January 1842; then in June he roughed out a 35-page "Pencil Sketch" of his theory. Darwin began correspondence about his theorising with the botanist Joseph Dalton Hooker in January 1844, and by July had rounded out his "sketch" into a 230-page "Essay", to be expanded with his research results and published if he died prematurely.

达尔文继续研究，继续全面地修改他的理论，同时专注于他的主要工作--发表小猎犬号考察的科研成果。1842年1月，他试探性的写出他的想法送给莱尔看；然后在6月，他用35页的&铅笔草图&大体描述了他的理论。1844年1月，达尔文开始就建立他的理论与植物学家约瑟夫·道尔顿·胡克通信联系；至 7月时，他已经将&草图&完善为230页的&随笔&，其中增加了他的研究结果；如果他过早死亡，这个&随笔&可以发表。

In most species they are composed of roughly equal amounts of protein and ribosomal RNA , the ribosome consists of two unequally sized rounded subunits arranged on top of each other like a cottage loaf, eukaryotic cells have larger ribosomes than prokaryotic cells but the ribosomes in mitochondria and chloroplasts are about the same size as prokaryotic ribosomes.

在大多数的物种中，蛋白质的量和 rRNA 量是大体相等的。核糖体包括两个大小不同的亚单位，上部结合形成小屋状结构。真核生物细胞中的核糖体要比原核细胞的核糖体大，但是线粒体和叶绿体中的核糖体与原核细胞的核糖体大小相当。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。