多阶段的

To better understand the roles of LsrA protein in nodulation, a series of analyses of nodules using scanning electron microscopy, genetic and biochemical approaches have been carried out. Our analyses suggest that the lsrA1 nodules contain bacteroids in the invasion and establishing zone only. The lsrA gene expression is active early in the invasion zone and activated later than bacA genes. The lost of LsrA protein dramatically reduced the expression of nifA and fixK, and completely blocked the expression of the nifH gene for nitrogenase. LsrA protein functions early in the bacteroid development and it is essential for the development nitrogen fixing bacteroids.

前期的工作中，苜蓿中华根瘤菌Rm1021中90个候选LysR基因已经被定向插入突变，并筛选在自生生长时期、共生生长时期的表型，以期寻找更多在自生状态或共生固氮中有功能的LysR转录因子。1 针对前期鉴定出的共生固氮必需的lsrA基因，我们应用了一系列扫描电子显微镜技术、生物化学、分子遗传学等方法，发现lsrA基因主要在根瘤侵染区开始表达，表达时序也在侵染阶段左右，但晚于bacA基因表达；LsrA蛋白缺失后根瘤固氮区中缺乏具有固氮能力的类菌体，nifA和fixK基因的转录水平降低，nifH基因的转录被完全阻断，因此LsrA蛋白为根瘤发育所必需，是新的根瘤发育信号传导途径成员。2 通过表型筛选我们鉴定了苜蓿中华根瘤菌的oxyR基因，并研究了它的调节特性。oxyR突变后，苜蓿中华根瘤菌对过氧化氢敏感性提高，适应性降低。

Based on X-filtered LMS algorithm and -filtered LMS algorithm adaptive inverse control, we use a new variable step size LMS algorithm. Adding little computation, variable step size LMS algorithm can result in fast convergence speed and low residual error simultaneously. The adaptive feedback control can counteract the beginning error of the system. The adaptive disturbance canceler can best erase noises and disturbances.

在原来的X-滤波LMS算法自适应逆控制和-滤波LMS算法自适应逆控制方法的基础上，引入了新的变步长LMS算法，在计算量增加不多的前提下，能同时获得较快的收敛速度和较小的稳态误差；引入自适应的反馈补偿控制克服了被控系统的直流零频漂移，使控制系统在初开始工作阶段快速收敛；还引入自适应扰动消除器，它能最大限度的消除扰动。

to reduce the impact of carrier frequency offset in ofdm system,this thesis designs a new carrier frequency offset estimation scheme for ofdm system.the carrier frequency offset estimation includes acquisition and tracking.we adopt variable step size adaptive algorithm.the acquisition range of the proposed algorithm is as large as one half of the overall signal bandwidth.through this method we can not only avoid the feedback by using forward error correction,but also reduce the times of complex multiplication in order to reduce the power consumption of the system.this algorithm not only has low complexity and fast convergence nut also can improve the demodulation performance of ofdm system.computer simulation illustrates the superior performance of the proposed algorithm with regard to estimation accuracy in both awgn channel and multi—path channel.

摘 要：为了减小正交频分复用系统受频率偏差的影响，在ofdm系统中设计了一种新的载波频偏估计算法。频偏估计包括跟踪和捕获两个阶段，文中采用变步长自适应算法来进行跟踪，这个跟踪算法的捕捉范围是整个信号带宽的一半。通过此方法，不但可以利用前向纠错的方式来避免反馈，而且可以缩减复数乘法的次数以降低计算复杂度和系统功耗。该方法运算复杂度低，并具有较好的收敛性，能改善odfm的解调性能。从计算机的仿真效果可以看出无论是在awgn信道上还是在多径信道上都表现出了卓越的性能。

And experts paid more attentions to integer perception while listening to music.3. It also showed the position effect, that was irregular chords appeared at the third or fifth position, and the swings and the delitescence were quite different. It uncovered the different neural modes at different music perception phases.4. The two components had no significant differences with their swings at the three attention levels. It meant that these two ERP components could be acquired under non-attention condition, and music processing was automatic.

更多伏期更早，表明在时间维度和程度上，专家的整合程度要优于一般被试，专家更加注重对音乐的整体知觉。3通过违例和弦出现位置的不同，如违例和弦分别出现在第三位置和第五位置上的对比研究，发现第五位置上产生的ERAN和N5比第三位置上产生的振幅更大，表明这两种成分受违例位置的影响，揭示了音乐知觉不同阶段认知神经模型的差异。4这两种成分在三种注意水平下没有显著性差异，表明这两种ERP成分在非注意条件下就能够产生，人类的音乐加工是自动的。

Her earlier works were marked by a certain lyrical effulgence and gentle, golden lighting, but by the 1890s, largely as a consequence of the exhibition of Japanese prints held in Paris at the beginning of that decade, her draughtsmanship became more emphatic, her colors clearer and more boldly defined.

前者用笔豪放，传达出的却是一片宁静、安逸的气氛；后者则表现出东方艺术对她的影响，尤其是背景上的扇子，具有浓郁的东方风味。1886年以后她的作品进入新的风格阶段，开始追求简洁、稳定的构图，注意力多放在母亲和孩子的题材上。

In the area of power device condition maintenance, research in our country focuses on large devices, such as transformer and dynamotor, but weak in circuit breaker"s condition maintenance and diagnose. There are some problems in the existing on-line monitoring system: a few of monitoring quantity and functions, lacking systemic orgnization and integration, a few of analytic method, and lacking methematic methods and techniques to identify circuit breaker"s running condition.

我国对于电力设备状态检修的研究多集中于变压器，发电机一类的大型设备，对于断路器的状态监测和诊断的研究还处于起步阶段，现有的在线监测系统中普遍存在以下问题：监测量少，功能单一，缺乏系统性和综合性；采用的分析方法少，对断路器的运行状态的识别缺乏有效的数学方法和技术手段。

The reason is many sided: 1 student and parent think " miscalculate " irrespective, as long as next time attentive dot went. The student allows to use a calculator in 2 education, the student had to the calculator depend on, often abandon when encountering seemingly complex calculation think, use a calculator directly, for instance 618, do not know to change brief into 13, achieve a result with the calculator directly however 0.33. Phase of 3 high school trains a student " put forward, analysis and the ability that solve a problem " the demand is higher and higher, of the train of thought that inscribes to solution in classroom education, thoughtway many somes more tuitional, and to operation ability, because the student has certain base, loosened with respect to some then. 4 emphasizes the training of all sorts of thinking ability overly, the training of operation ability has the suspicion that should try education it seems that, this also is one of reasons. The operation in 5 maths, no matter be numeric computation, return be algebraic type to be out of shape figure, photograph of the train of thought that inscribes with new knowledge, new solution, skill is compared and character, appear more as dry as a chip, the student does not have interest.

原因是多方面的：1学生和家长都认为"算错了"没关系，只要下次细心点就行了。2教学中答应学生使用计算器，学生对计算器有了依靠，在碰到貌似复杂的计算时往往舍弃思索，直接用计算器，比如618，不知化简成13，而是直接用计算器获得结果0.33.3高中阶段培养学生"提出、分析和解决新问题的能力"的要求越来越高，课堂教学中对解题的思路、思想方法的讲授多一些，而对于运算能力，因为学生都有一定的基础，于是就有些放松了。4过分强调各种思维能力的练习，运算能力的练习似乎有应试教育的嫌疑，这也是原因之一。5数学中的运算，不管是数值计算，还是代数式的变形演算，和新的知识、新的解题的思路、技巧相比较而言，显得比较枯燥，学生没有喜好。

In our country, the current research on 5S, which is basically in the stage of summing up practice and experience, has not conducted any works about the fundamental research on 5S.The most works are the summary of steps and skills of 5S which is carried out, however, have not formed the system. They can not analyze 5S from the point of sociological and psychology, especially not from angle of humanity supposition and organization behavior. Therefore, they lack rationale base, appearing palely and weakly.

我国当前对5S的理论研究基本上处于实践经验的总结阶段，并没有任何对5S进行理论研究的著作，更多的是对5S推行的步骤、技巧等的总结，并没有形成体系，没有从社会学、心理学的角度进行深入的剖析，特别是没有从人性假设、组织行为等角度去挖掘，使之变的缺乏理论基础，显得苍白无力，仅仅就实践谈实践，还没有真正提升到理论水平的高度。

Oxygen and carbon isotope of the carbonate sediments separately indicate lake waterδ~(18)O andδ~(13)C_,δ~(18)O indicates the volume of the input water which is a good index of Lake water level changes;δ~(13)C_ indicates the degree of the exchange between the lake and the atmosphere and indirectly indicates the ice cover time controlled by the temperature.3. Environmental changes in Lake Sugan drainage area during the past 2670 years reconstructed by mul-index synthesis analysis indicates that during

沉积物碳酸盐氧、碳同位素分别反应了湖水的δ~(18)O和δ~(13)C_，δ~(18)O指示湖水体积变化，是湖泊水位变化的良好指标；δ~(13)C_则指示了湖水和大气的交换程度以及入流水量的大小，间接指示了温度控制下的冰封时间长短。3、多指标综合分析重建的苏干湖流域晚全新世近2670年来的环境变化显示，苏干湖2670年来流域持续变干；出现截然不同的两个大的阶段，即

Take DMSO swollen treatment and DEA-SO2-DMSO decrystallization treatment for example, the X-ray diffraction and the Tobolsky's intermittent stress relaxation of treated woods were determined during soaking in water, analyzed the effects of water on crystal degree and inter-cohesion of treated woods. According to these continuous relaxation curves measured in water with different temperatures, various thermodynamic quantities were obtained by using Eyring absolute rate theory, and reviewed the chemical reactions in wood which occur in different relaxation process. For the first time quantify these crosslinkings formed in the process of tensional relaxation by using the SMCIR intermittent stress relaxation way, and defined the cross-linking reaction types. In order to find out the contribute of drying to the fixation of deformation of chemically treated wood, stress relaxation of oven-dry untreated and treated wood was measured during the process of temperature elevation and descend, then analyzed the effect of temperature change on relaxation mechanism of treated oven-dry wood. According to continuous relaxation curves of oven-dry treated wood under various constant temperature, calculated the thermodynamics of relaxation process and discussed the mechanism of molecule change in wood, at the same time, also quantified these cross-linkings produced in wood by intermittent method and on the basis of which the model of molecular change during relaxation process of chemically treated was constructed.

以DMSO膨胀处理及DEA- SO2-DMSO非晶化塑化处理为例，测定了两种处理木材在水浸渍过程中的X射线衍射及Tobolsky间歇应力松弛，分析了水对处理木材结晶度及内部凝聚力的影响；通过未处理和两种处理木材在不同温度水中的连续应力松弛测定，应用Eyring的绝对速度反应理论计算并获得了松弛过程中的各热力学量，分析了在水中松弛过程中不同阶段木材内部发生的化学反应；并首次采用SMCIR连续·不连续双曲线应力松弛法定量了轴向拉伸应力松弛过程中木材内部产生的架桥量，明确了交联反应的类型；为了了解干燥对处理木材塑性变形固定的影响，测定了未处理和两种处理绝干木材在温度下降过程和上升过程中的应力松弛，分析了温度变化对处理绝干木材应力松弛的影响；根据多个温度水平下的连续应力松弛测定曲线，计算松弛过程的热力学量，考察了绝干木材在松弛过程中内部发生的分子变化机理，同时也用间歇法定量了木材内部新形成的架桥量，并在此基础上构筑处理木材在松弛过程中内部分子构造的变化模型。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。