多酸的

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S. miltiorrhiza depside salts are a complex mixture of magnesium lithospermate B, rosmarinic acid and lithospermic acid. To research the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of S. miltiorrhiza depside salts in vivo was a challenge for the common analytical methods.

丹参多酚酸盐是由中国科学院上海药物所研制的创新中药，由丹参经提取精制的多酚酸盐类化合物所组成，含丹参乙酸镁（≥80.0%）及其同系物迷迭香酸钠和紫草酸镁，临床上用于治疗冠心病心绞痛。

Congregation obtained after chitosan k and a treatments showed more tightness than sediments obtained without chitosan treatment, sediments after chitosan b and c treatments were network in structure. Mixed systems of pectin, protein and polyphenol were applied for studying a simulated system of kiwifruit juice. It was shown that the aggregates of pectin molecules in pectin solution were dispersing tubular globules. Particles in mixed solution of pectin and bovine serum albumin had two states: one was circular in photo, the other contained single particle or aggregates of several particles. Pectin decreased the interaction between protein and polyphenol and strengthened the stability of mixed solution of pectin, protein and polyphenol. Chitosan flocculated mixed solution of pectin, protein and polyphenol, and the floccule was white, having a network structure.

用果胶-蛋白质-丹宁酸混合体系作为猕猴桃原果汁的模拟体系研究结果表明：1、果胶溶液中果胶分子聚集物呈中空球形均匀分散；2、果胶／牛血清白蛋白混合溶液中的球形粒子有两种：粒子中央光线可透过，照片上呈环形；粒子的中央包含有单个或多个球形粒子的聚集体，认为粒子的中央是蛋白质，外层是果胶；3、果胶的存在抑制或减弱了蛋白质-丹宁酸之间的相互作用，果胶起到防止蛋白质-多酚产生沉淀的作用，增强了溶液的稳定性；4、壳聚糖加入果胶-蛋白质-丹宁酸混合溶液中时，可以絮凝果胶-蛋白质-丹宁酸混合溶液，溶液中出现白色的网状絮凝物。

Methods A randomized controlled trail was carried out in 41 patients. The medication design was based on the findings that the half life time of salvianolate was less than 2 h and its time of clearance uas 12 h. The treatment group (n=20) was treated with salvianolate at the dose of 200 mg, intravenous drip, twice a day, and the control group (n=21) with salvianolate at the dose of 200 mg, intravenous drip, once a day. The curative effects of salvianolate on angina pectoris (with syndrome of heart-blood obstruction) in the two groups was compared.

根据丹参酚酸B在体内半衰期小于2h，12h内药物基本从体内消除的研究结果设计给药方案，采用随机对照的方法，试验组（20例）丹参多酚酸盐200mg，静脉滴注，每日2次，对照组（21例）丹参多酚酸盐200mg，每天l次，比较两种给药方法对冠心病心绞痛的疗效差别。

Secondary pollution might be produced in the weak zone while conventional acidify because of halfway flowback under poor producing energy. Thief zones can obtain superfluous acidizing fluid because of the permeability contrast between layers of prominent interlamination antinomy, which can induce collapse in the thief zone and invalid acidification in the less permeable layers.

低压油气层常规酸化时由于地层能量低，导致残酸溶液无法彻底返排而引起地层的二次污染；层间矛盾突出的地层，由于渗透率差异，酸液将优先进入高渗地层，导致高渗透层进酸量多，从而过度酸化引起坍塌，低渗透层则由于进酸量少而达不到酸化的目的。

The comparisons of biochemistry between OP and OR rats The differences between OP and OR rats included not only body weight, but lipids metabolism and insulin sensitivity as well, characterized with insulin resistance, increasing in serum free fatty acids and ketone body, and hepatic TC and TG in OP rats. However, no significant differences were observed in serum TG, TC, LDL, HDL and fasting glucose between OP and OR rats.⑶Comparisons of metabolites in serum, urine and liver tissue between OP and OR rats①There were significant differences in amino acids concentration between OP and OR rats,especially in liver tissue, such as high concentrations in ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids in OP rats, suggesting differences in amino acids metabolism;② The different metabolites between OP and OR rats included increasing of various saturated fatty acids and decreasing of polyunsaturated fatty acids in OP rats;③The urinary metabolites analysis indicated that different structure or metabolism of gut microflora might exist between the two phenotypes, which probably influenced the regulation of body weight gain;④The end-products of catecholamines in urine and intermediates of krebs cycle in serum in OP rats were all up-regulated, suggesting that the activity of sympatheic nervous system and energy metabolism was higher in OP rats than OR rats.

胰岛素耐受实验和胰岛素敏感指数表明OP动物的胰岛素敏感性较OR动物下降，而OP大鼠血清中游离脂肪酸、酮体、肝脏总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平显著升高；但是，OP与OR大鼠血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和空腹血糖等的水平并无显著性差异；⑶肥胖易感与肥胖抵抗大鼠血清、尿液和肝脏组织提取物中代谢物的比较研究表明：①OP与OR大鼠的血清、尿液和肝组织提取物中多种氨基酸的含量存在显著差异，并以肝组织中的差异氨基酸数量为最多，包括各种生酮和生糖氨基酸水平在OP组的升高，说明氨基酸代谢的差异是两种体重表型大鼠之间存在的重要差异特征之一；②OP与OR动物肝脏和血清差异代谢物中包含多种饱和长链脂肪酸的升高如十四烷酸、十六烷酸、硬脂酸等和多不饱和脂肪酸的下降如亚油酸和花生四烯酸，说明两种体重表型动物的肝脏脂肪酸代谢存在明显差异；③长期高脂饮食喂养后，动物的尿液代谢物分析表明OP与OR动物体内的肠道菌群结构存在差异，这些菌群上的差别可能在动物体重增长的调节上产生影响；④与OR动物相比，OP动物尿液代谢物中儿茶酚胺类递质的代谢终产物如高香草酸、扁桃酸和4-羟基苯乙酸明显升高。

Grew on the normal temperature, it was shown that the deposits of calcium antimonate being the indicator for Ca(superscript 2+) localization mainly concentrated within the vacuoles and intercellular spaces and there was also some Ca(superscript 2+) deposits in cell walls. But when Garyota urens L. was treated by the temperature of 2℃ for 48 h, the level of Ca(superscript 2+) increased in cytoplasm and plasma membrane, but decreased in vacuoles and intercellular spaces considerably. At the same time, the ultrastructure of chloroplasts suffered from chilling: the membrane of chloroplasts had been damaged, the layer of thylakoids was exiguous and unclear, the photosynthetic rate decreased evidently. And when Garyota urens L. was treated by the temperature of 2℃ for 120 h, the deposits of Ca(superscript 2+) mainly concentrated within the cytoplasm, nucleus and plasma membrane and there was also some Ca(superscript 2+) deposits in vacuoles, and the ultrastructure of some cells was simultaneously damaged severely: Chloroplasts structure, vacuole membrane and nuclear membrane had been damaged fully, the structure within the cell had become unclear, and the cell only have respiration.

研究结果表明，未经低温处理的董棕幼苗叶肉细胞，焦锑酸钙沉淀颗粒大量出现在液泡和细胞间隙中，细胞壁中也可见少量沉淀，而细胞基质中则看不到焦锑酸钙沉淀；经2℃ 48 h低温处理后，细胞基质和细胞膜上焦锑酸钙沉淀增加，而液泡和细胞间隙中的焦锑酸钙沉淀则显著减少，并且超微结构已初步显示出寒害的特徵，叶绿体外膜部分破损，类囊体片层稀疏且排列不规则，光合速率明显下降等；经2℃ 120 h低温处理后，细胞间隙内的焦锑酸钙沉淀极少，有的也紧贴在细胞外壁上，而细胞基质和细胞膜上则分布有非常多的焦锑酸钙沉淀，在核基质和液泡中也可见到少量的焦锑酸钙沉淀，并且超微结构遭到了显著破坏，叶绿体结构完全被破坏，核膜与液泡膜严重破损，内部结构模糊，细胞只表现为呼吸作用，不进行光合作用。

This thesis has systematically studies the microstructure of the sinter bearing fluorine of different compositions and in different sintering condition.(1) The main units of the Low Fluorine Sinter are magnetite、hematite、 SFCA、larnite、glass and pore. The cuspidine doesn't form for the low content fluorine, and the fluorine is in glass; Sinter basicity dominates the forming of the larnite and SFCA, when basicity is between 1. 72 and 1. 96, there are more larnites in the binder phase, and when the basicity is biger than 1. 96, there are more SFCA in the binder phase; the hematite appears like magnetite and usually is around pore.

为此，本文对不同组成、不同烧结条件的烧结矿样品进行了系统的显微分析和研究，其主要内容包括：(1)构成低氟烧结矿的主要组元有磁铁矿、赤铁矿、铁酸钙、硅酸二钙、玻璃体和气孔，由于含氟量的降低，枪晶石等含氟矿物并未形成，氟分布在后期凝固的玻璃体中，其中硅酸二钙和铁酸钙受碱度影响较大，硅酸二钙在碱度为1.72～1.96范围内形成较多，铁酸钙在碱度大于1.96含量增多，赤铁矿呈磁铁矿假象，多分布在气孔周围，各组元的生成顺序为：磁铁矿—硅酸二钙—铁酸钙—玻璃体。

In order to obtain versatile ulitity of host molecules, three new chiral calix [4] crown ethers containing aza, thio atoms bearing two chiral sites provided by -cysteine ester were synthesized by the condensation of calix [4] arene diacid dichloride with oligoethylene glycol bridged bis-amino acid methyl ester. All new compounds were characterized by NMR, MS and elemental analysis.

以-半胱氨酸为手性源，利用多甘醇二氯醚在碱性条件下对半胱氨酸巯基进行烷基化反应，成功地合成了多甘醇醚链桥联的半胱氨酸衍生物，醚化反应后，在高度稀释条件下与对叔丁基杯[4]芳烃二乙酰氯进行双功能基缩合反应成功地合成了新型的手性杯[4]含氮、硫杂冠醚，并利用〓H NMR、MS等谱图手段对其结构进行了表征。

The enzyme tannase, which is used in the present invention, is known to hydrolyse the galloyl ester linkages of polyphenolic substrates such as tannic acid, tea polyphenol gallates, and the like.

我们知道，这种在本发明中所使用的丹宁酶，可水解多酚酸类物质的棓酸酯键，如丹宁酸，茶叶的棓酸多酚酯及其类似物。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。