多部件的

The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

When the above steps have been completed and the heated mirror glass heating element is still inoperative, one or more of the following is faulty

当上述步骤完成后，加热反射镜玻璃的加热元件仍然无效，下述的一个或更多部件有故障。

"We could end up building a lot of products in the Puget Sound area that are going to be composite. And I think there's a career opportunity to be able to get on board."

Brewer说，"我们可以在Puget Sound地区最终完成很多复合材料部件的生产工作，因此，该地区一定会帮助更多的失业人士重新走上就业之路。"

In some phased-mission system the life of working units and their repairing time follow general distribution. It is difficult to calculate the optimization quantity of spare parts with analysable method.

摘 要：在多阶段任务系统中，可修部件的寿命服从一般分布、维修时间也服从一般分布的备件携行量优化问题很难利用解析方法来解决。

In this thesis, a multi-block grid method using embedding technique is adopted and applied to the computation of the transonic flow about wing-body-pylon-nacelle configuration.

本文对使用嵌合技术的三维多块网格方法计算多部件外形的跨音速流动进行了比较深入的研究。

A motor vehicle gear-type transmission has an input shaft clutch, multiple gear pairs, multiple mesh units, and an input shaft clutch actuator which adjusts the position or pressure load of the pressure member of the input shaft clutch.

车辆用齿轮式变速机(50)是由输入轴离合器(7)、多个齿轮对(1、2、3、4、5、11、12、13、14、15)、多个啮合机构(21、22、23)和调整输入轴离合器(7)的压紧部件的位置或压紧负载的输入轴致动器(61)所构成。

A dynamics mathematical model of crank-connecting rod mechanism of engine is established based on the multibody system theory, and the computer simulation program is also designed.

基于多刚体系统动力学相关理论，建立了发动机曲柄连杆机构动力学数学模型，并利用matlab软件编制了计算机仿真程序，得到了曲柄连杆机构各运动部件的运动规律及受力，为曲柄连杆机构的优化设计奠定了基础

1 Equipment Packing 6.1 合同设备包装 All of the Equipment to be delivered by Seller shall be packed in a manner suitable to protect it against repeated handlings and numerous loadings and unloadings.

卖方对所交付的一切合同设备都应以适当方式包装，使之不因多次操作和装卸而受损。应根据合同设备不同部件的特点和要求采取保护措施，以免因潮湿、雨水、震动和腐蚀而造成损害。

For these parts the maximum concentration for all PAHS is 200 mg / kg.

这些部件的全部多环芳烃化合物的最大含量为200mg / kg。

At present, the production has the largest wind turbine gear box, because of its complicated structure, the completion of its various components, manufacturing equipment, machine tools require different processing.

现在，生产最多的有齿轮箱风力发电机组，由于其结构复杂，完成其各种部件的制造需要不同机床设备进行加工。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失