多足动物

Traditional morphological studies have resulted in few solid conclusions regarding the monophyly and systematic position of Myriapoda within Arthropoda; the origin and evolutionary history of Myriapoda are also veiled by the sparsity of the group's fossil record.

基于表型性状的系统学研究中，多足动物亚门在节肢动物门中的系统分类和单系性等问题一直存在争议；化石记录的稀少又使多足动物的起源及演化历史变得迷雾重重。

So it may have resembled a centipede or millipede, or a worm with legs.

因此，它也许类似蜈蚣或多足动物，或者有脚的蠕虫

Bloodless and many footed animals, whether furnished with wings or feet, move with more than four points of motion; as, for instance, the dayfly moves with four feet and four wings: and, I may observe in passing, this creature is exceptional not only in regard to the duration of its existence, whence it receives its name, but also because though a quadruped it has wings also.

无血多足动物，不管装备翅膀还是足，移动依靠多于四个的运动点：像是，例如，蜉蝣依靠四足和四翅膀活动：并且，我可以顺便说一下，这种生物的特别不仅与它的生存周期、名称的由来有关，也因为它尽管是四足动物，但是也有翅膀。

Myriapod animals were probably one of the invertebrate animal groups that first colonized the terrestrial ecosystem during Early Paleozoic.

多足动物可能是最早入侵陆地环境的无脊椎动物之一。

This paper reviews recent advances in myriapod phylogenetics and presents a preliminary phylochronologic scheme of the evolutionary events in early my-riapods with the following observations: 1） Myriapoda might have diverged from its sister group during late Cambrian or earlier.

精确的多足动物亚门谱系发生关系以及谱系年代学细节还有待于进一步综合系统学、多基因和多重化石参照点的合理分析加以深入和完善，进而为早期陆地复杂生态系统的建立提供新的证据。

Mitochondrial DNA extraction, long-PCR amplification and primer-walking sequencing methods were carried out for determining the complete mt DNA sequence of Scolopendra multilan.(1) The complete mitochondrial genome of Scolopendra multilan is 13,734 bp in size.

采用长片断扩增和PCR引物步移测序等方法，补齐少棘蜈蚣线粒体基因组全序列，主要结果如下：（1）序列全长为13，734 bp，其基因组成和顺序、基因的方向即编码链的选择、碱基G的低含量和对碱基A偏好以及GC和AT偏斜与已知的多足动物线粒体基因组相同。

The results of the analysis to complete 18S rDNA and partial 28S rDNA D 6-7 domain sequences of 30 collembolan species supported the monophyly of Poduromorpha and Symphypleona, Entomobryoidea is not a monophyly, familia Neelidae should be separated from Symphypleona. The situation about the superfamilia of Tomoceroidea and the familia Neelidae need further studies. The results of the further analysis to complete 18S rDNA and nearlly completely 28S sequences of 4 Protura, 6Collembola, 5 Diplura, 5 Insecta, 10 Crustacean, using 1 Myriapoda and 1 Chelicerata as outgroups indicated that Protura, Collembola and Diplura are monophy, respectively, Protura and Diplura have the nearest realationship, they make sister groups with Collembola and all of them assemble with Insecta to make a monophy cluster of Hexapod; The results support the monophy of Pancrusracea, Crustacean is not a monophy cluster and the realationships between them with Hexapod need further reseachers.

对我国的14科27属30种跳虫的18S rDNA全序列和28S rDNA部分序列(D6-D7)的基因信息数据进行分析，结果支持原目、愈腹目的单系性，长角目不形成单系群，支持短角科从愈腹目中分出，但鳞总科和短角目的分类地位有待于深入分析探讨；进一步比对4种原尾虫、6种跳虫、5种双尾虫、5种昆虫和10种甲壳动物的18S rDNA全序列和28S rDNA全序列，以1种多足动物和1种螯肢动物为外群，进行系统关系分析，结果显示：原尾纲、弹尾纲、双尾纲分别为单系群，原尾纲和双尾纲优先聚为一支，然后和弹尾纲构成姐妹群，以上三类又和昆虫聚为一支，支持六足动物的单系性，支持泛甲壳动物，但甲壳动物并未形成单系，其各类群和六足动物之间的亲缘关系尚须进一步确定。3。

The gene order data indicates that Hexapoda and Crussacea are more closely related with each other, and Chelicerata is closely related with Myriopoda. The results have conflicted with those of Boore (1998) results, but congruence with the results based on nuclear rRNA data.

线粒体基因组基因排列顺序数据显示六足动物与甲壳动物之间相似，螯肢动物与多足动物相似，这个结果和以前Boore(1998)对节肢动物线粒体基因组顺序分析结果不同，却和核rRNA数据的分析结果一致。

This thesis includes three chapters: Chapter 1: Recent progress on myriapoda mitochondrial genome and genetic variation analysis of Otostigmus O.

本论文包括三部分：第一章：多足动物线粒体基因组和地理种群遗传变异分析的研究进展。

The phylogenetics and evolutionary history of Myriapoda are now central to arthropod systematic research, as the Pancrustacea is commonly accepted as a natural group.

多足动物可能是最早入侵陆地环境的无脊椎动物之一。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。