多羧酸的

Then Doripenem came into the market in the July ,2005. We studied the synthesis of Doripemen.Firstly, we synthesized the chemical 2 from the starting material------o-hydroxylphenylacylamine through Reformastky reaction, alkylation, Diekmann reaction, enolization, esterification and etc. Secondly, we synthesized the chemical 3 from L — hydroxylproline through the protection of carboxyl, amidogen and hydroxyl group, reduction by NaBr, SN_2 substitution and Mitsumobu reaction.

我们以水杨酰胺为起始原料，经Reformatsky反应、烷基化、Diekmann环合、烯醇化、酯化等反应合成双环母核2；再从L-羟基脯氨酸出发，经酯化保护羧基、保护氨基、保护羟基、硼氢化还原酯得醇、Sn2取代和Mitsumobu反应等合成巯基侧链3；最后由化合物3经脱保护、水解得硫醇，和化合物2在二异丙基乙基胺的作用下缩合，最后Pd／C催化脱保护，历经16步反应最终得到产物多尼培南。

The activity of pyruvate carboxylase depends on the presence of acetyl CoA so that more oxaloacetate os made when acetyl CoA levels rise.

丙酮酸羧化酶的活性依赖于乙酰-CoA 的存在。因此，当乙酰-CoA，水平上升时，会产生更多的草酰乙酸。

Similar to S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase(B26),S-adenosylmethionine methyl-transferase(B70), allene oxide synthase(B38),ethylene receptor(B96),cytochrome P450(B58) and methionine synthase (B77) were found in ovaries of Pingyi Tiancha at 1d before the blossom day,which related to plant hormone and could participate in metabolic pathways of ethylene,polyamine,jasmonate acid and gibberellin,et al.,as well as had close relationship with maturity and senescence of plants.

在平邑甜茶开花前1d的子房中发现的S-腺苷甲硫氨酸脱羧酶(B26)、S-腺苷甲硫氨酸甲基转移酶(B70)、丙二烯氧化合酶(B38)、乙烯受体(B96)、细胞色素P450酶(B58)、甲硫氨酸合酶(B77)等相似基因片段与植物体内的生长素有关，将会参与乙烯、多胺、茉莉酸、赤霉素等的代谢途径，与植物的成熟和衰老具有密切的关系。

Also, the infrared spectroscopy experiments proved that the surfaces of CNTs could be coated by hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in ammonia solution. The dispersion of modified CNTs in water was improved significantly.

实验结果表明，通过混合酸处理能够使CNTs表面拥有较多的羟基和羧基官能团；在氨水的作用下，CNTs能够被HTAB所包覆，而且修饰后的CNTs在水中的分散性能得到提高。

Based on our intensive studies on the lactonization of oligo/polysialic acids, we proposed for the first time that the lactone-ring formation of oligo/polysialic acids has three stages. We also provided a novel model to explain the conformational changes of oligo/polysialic acids caused by the repulsing forces among the carboxyl groups of sialic acid residues. Our results should provide novel approaches for further investigation of the structural-functional relationships of oligo/polysialic acids.

在对多/寡聚唾液酸内酯化过程进行深入研究的基础上，于国际上率先提出多/寡聚唾液酸内酯的形成具有三个阶段的观点，并首创性地提出了羧基排斥所致多/寡聚唾液酸分子空间构象改变的模型，为深入研究多/寡聚唾液酸结构与功能的关系提供了新生长点。

In the paper, the multidentate carboxylic acid ligands were used to combine with Cd, resulting in the three dimensional MOCPs single crystals—C12H16CdN2O8, with a low temperature hydrothermal synthesis method. The sample was characterized with IR spectra to affirm the organic groups in the frameworks, single-crystal X-ray diffraction to determine the crystal structure and composition of the frameworks, N2 adsorption isotherms at low temperature to measure the specific surface area and pore size distribution, and with TGA/DGA analysis to scale the thermal stability. Furthermore, the dissolution property and the photocatalytic activity of MOCPs under the ultraviolet ray condition were explored.

本文用低温水热合成法，用多齿羧酸配体异烟酸和Cd配位合成出[Cd(C6H4O2N)2(H2O)4]∞三维晶体并进行了表征：采用红外光谱法确认骨架中的有机官能团；用单晶X射线衍射分析法测定MOCPs的晶体结构，并确定其骨架的组成；通过低温氮气吸附等温线测定了其比表面积和孔径分布；以热重分析和差热分析测定材料骨架的热稳定性；测定了晶体的溶解性能；最后以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物，对[Cd(C6H4O2N)2(H2O)4]∞的光催化活性及亚甲基蓝的氧化动力学进行了探索(来源：A2444BC论文网www.abclunwen.com)。

Gerbera plantlets in 125 ml flask received 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 ppm Ethrel and 0.01, 0.1, 1 mM 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid to study the effect of ethylene and ethylene biosynthesis through cultured in vitro. The good quality plantlets which had more adventitious roots, no overgown stem, no etiolated plantlets by the addition of 5, 10 ppm Ethrel.

非洲菊(Gerbera jamesonii， Bolus)幼苗於试管内处理以0， 2.5， 10， 20 ppm的益收素及0.01， 0.1， 1 mM的环丙烷氨基羧酸(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid， ACC)以研究乙烯对试管苗之影响及乙烯生合成，结果以5及10 ppm的益收素处理能得到良好品质的苗，为多侧根不徒长，不白化的幼苗。

In the thesis, a series of novel single and multi-armed oxadiazole bridging ligands and pyridyl-4, 5-imidazole dicarboxylic acid ligands have been synthesized. The coordination chemistry of these novel ligands with transition metal ions was investigated. In addition, two 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole bridging ligands end-capped by chelating Schiff-base coordination sites have been designed and synthesized. The coordination chemistry based on one of the two ligands with metal ions was primarily investigated.

本文报道了一系列新颖的含1， 3， 4-Oxadiazole杂环的单臂及多臂有机配体，研究了它们与过渡金属离子的配位反应化学；合成了吡啶基-4，5-咪唑二羧酸有机配体，研究了它们在水热条件下与过渡金属离子的配位反应化学；另外，还合成了1， 3， 4-Oxadiazloe杂环桥联的双Schiff-base有机配体，初步探讨了其与过渡金属离子的配位反应化学。

Some of the recent results are summarized on the characteristics of HYP and its effect on the wet-end operations of the papermaking process in the production of printing and writing paper, including internal sizing and f iller retention.

与漂白硫酸盐浆相比，高得率浆含有较多的细小纤维、木素和阴离子垃圾，同时含有较多的羧基和磺酸基等阴离子基团而使其纤维上的负电荷密度显著高于BKP纤维。

In order to preserve the color of fresh-cut peach fruits and extend its shelf life, effects of three kinds of edible coatings（carrageenan, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate）and their combinations in two of them on qualities and oxidase activities of fresh-cut peache fruits during storage at 5℃ were investigated.

为了保持鲜切桃块的色泽，延长其货架期，试验以久保和绿化9号桃为材料，研究了卡拉胶、羧甲基纤维素、海藻酸钠涂膜及其两两复配处理对鲜切桃在5℃下贮藏期间的色泽及多酚氧化酶活性变化的影响。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。