多细胞的

The results show that the anticlinal walls of upper epidermis in Pseudocystopteris and Athyrium are a little thicker and the shape of them is wavilness; the density of stomata and the type of stomata apparatus on lower epidermis are similar.

结果显示：假冷蕨属和蹄盖蕨属植物上表皮细胞的垂周壁都有加厚，且多为波浪状；下表皮细胞的气孔密度和气孔器类型也很接近。

Methods The clpE-deficient strain was constructed by LFH-PCR and identified by PCR and sequencing. The impact of clpE mutant on the virulence of S. pneumoniae was evaluated in a mouse model. In addition, we also studied the effect of clpE mutant on adherence and invasion of host cells. Real time RT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of autolysin A, pneumococcal surface adhesion A, pneumolysin, pneumococcal surface protein A and neuraminidase The clpE gene was replaced completely by erm cassette.

用长臂同源多聚酶链式反应方法失活clpE基因，用PCR、测序鉴定缺失菌株，通过动物实验观察clpE基因缺失株毒力改变情况，同时用细胞实验比较clpE基因缺失株和野生菌对宿主细胞的粘附和侵袭能力，最后用实时荧光定量PCR分析自溶素(major autolysin A，lytA)、表面黏附素A(pneumococcal surface adhesion A，psaA)、溶血素(pneumolysin，ply)、肺炎球菌表面蛋白A（pneumococcal surface protein A， pspA和神经氨酸酶（neuraminidase， nanA）的表达。

Methods MTT colorimetric assay was used to test in vitro cytotoxicities of the chemotherapeutics against human hepatoma cell lines.

采用MTT比色分析法测定多柔比星或米托蒽醌对体外培养的4株人肝癌细胞的细胞毒作用。

Embryonic germ cell lines were isolated and cloned from gonad,gonadal ridge,analogue or the surrounding tissues of 9.5～13.5 days postcoitum mouse fetuses.Primordial germ cells were co-cultured with mouse embryonic fibroblasts obtained from the same conceptus.

自交配后9.5～13.5 d小鼠胎儿生殖嵴/腺或其类似物及周围组织，采用与其同源胎儿成纤维细胞共培养的方式分离克隆到具小鼠ES细胞诸多特征的胚胎生殖细胞系。

FOXP3(the forkhead/winged-helix transcriptional regulators P3) is expressed specifically in regulatory T cells, and exerts great influence on the development and function of Treg cells.

国外多个研究小组已证明FOXP3(称叉头状/翼状螺旋转录因子)在Treg细胞上特异性表达，且对Treg细胞的发育和功能是必需的。

The expression rates of CD44V5+ CD44V6+, cerbB-2+ cells in patients with metastasis, multi-metastasis nodes, DNA heteroploid, SPF elevated, and Apo decreased were higher than those of patients with non-metastasis, only one-metastasis node, DNA diploid, SPF non-elevation and Apo non-decreasing, respectively (P.01 or 0.05), while nm23+, DCC23+ and p16+ were contrary.

肿瘤转移者、多器官转移者、DNA异倍体者、SPF增高者、APO不减低者的CD44V5+、CD44V6+、cerbB-2+细胞表达率均显著高于未转移者、单器官转移者、DNA二倍体者、SPF不增高者、APO不减低者（P.01或0.05）。而nm23+、DCC+、p16+细胞的表达率与此相反。

Antibacterial function of body wall was conducted by the following way: microorganism was directly resisted through the change of cuticle, such as incrassation of up-cuticle protuberance and increasing length of micro-floccus in the up-cuticle dissociation surface; exudation function of large granular orthochromatic mucous cells and reticulation mucous cells in the epidermis could be enhanced when the Eisenia fetida was induced by E. coli. Moreover, the mucus that contained compound substance of mucopolysaccharide and protein could make the bactericidal function or dilute the microorganism on the surface of earthworm, which could protect earthworm from invasion of microorganism; the content of neutral mucopolysaccharide of antibacterial function could be increased according with the exudation increment of small granular proteinaceous cells in the epidermis, which could resist bacteria invading into the epidermis of earthworm.

结果表明：蚯蚓的体壁主要是通过以下途径来抗细菌的侵袭：一是通过角质层的变化(如上胶层突起的增厚、上角层游离面中微绒毛的变长等)直接抵抗微生物的入侵；二是增加表皮中大颗粒粘液细胞和网状细胞的分泌功能，分泌出大量含有粘多糖蛋白液体复合物的粘液，在蚯蚓体表对细菌进行稀释或者起到直接杀菌的作用；三是通过增加小颗粒蛋白细胞的分泌作用，在蚯蚓的表皮中分泌出更多的抵抗疾病的中性粘多糖，从而抵抗进入蚯蚓体表内的细菌。

Domenstic and abroad academicians have disclosed the influence mechanism of these factors from different aspects, including the gene polymorphism and gene mutation in genetics, which are a susceptible factor for cardiovascular complication in type 2 diabetes patients; the dysfunction of endotheliocyte, the metabolic disorder of lipid, and dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle, which can lead to the formation of arteriosclerosis;the formation of immune complex,which can also accelerate the destruction of artery paries;the sctivation of protein kinase C and the dysfunction of platelet, which may ultimately result in the formation of thrombus and influence the function of cadiac muscle cells.

其中主要包括：遗传学方面的基因多态性和基因突变，二者均是2型糖尿病合并心血管疾病的一个易感因素，内皮细胞功能障碍、脂质代谢异常及血管平滑肌细胞功能异常均可导致动脉粥样硬化的形成；免疫复合物的形成可加速动脉壁的破坏；蛋白激酶C的激活及血小板功能受损最终导致血栓形成并影响心肌细胞的功能。

In the leaves of Liriodendroideae, some of the abaxial epidermal cells are papillose and the vascular tissue of the main vein appears to be separated. However, papillose were not found and there are uniseriate, multicellular or unicellular hairs distributed on the epidermis, and the vascular tissue of the main vein appears to be continuous in the leaves of Magnolioideae. Furthermore, in the Magnolioideae, the structure of the leaves of plants in Manglietia are different from that of Magnolia.

结果表明：鹅掌楸亚科和木兰亚科在叶的结构上的主要区别是鹅掌楸亚科两种植物叶的部分下表皮细胞呈乳突状，且整个细胞外壁只形成一个乳突，而在木兰亚科的植物中有单列多细胞或单细胞的表皮毛，未发现乳突；鹅掌楸亚科植物的叶主脉维管组织环分隔呈束状，且其外包被的纤维也排列成束状，而木兰亚科的80种1亚种植物中，叶主脉维管组织连成轮状，其外面也由一圈连续的纤维环所包围。

The histamine in the particles will increase the transmission capacity of capillary and the velocity of the tissue-fluid flow and the superficial shear stress of related mast cell will be increased, which will once again activate mast cells to discharge active substance. Part of the active substance will be absorbed by capillary and the other part will be passed by tissue fluid to a remote place and it will activate the mast cells and the capillaries there. The directional path of the tissue fluid is approximately the same as the meridian, which forms the phenomenon of feeling-along-meridian on macroscale.

脱颗中的组胺等物质会引起毛细血管壁通透性的增加，进而引起组织液流动速度的增加和肥大细胞表面的切应力加大，这样会进一步促进肥大细胞的激活，从而释放更多的活性物质，这些物质一部分被静脉端毛细血管吸收进入血液，另一部分则随着组织液的定向流动向远处，并进一步刺激远处的毛细血管和肥大细胞，而组织液的定向流动途径和传统的经络线走向基本吻合，在宏观上就构成了循经感传现象。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。