多线性的

This paper reviews the major methodological issues in cross-cultural research,covering topics in research design,measurement,and data analysis.From a design perspective,the paper begins with the use of consilience methods to strengthen causal inferences in cross-cultural research.Th...

作者首先从研究设计的角度分析如何通过汇聚方法加强检验跨文化研究的因果关系的能力，然后分析跨文化研究中测量对等性(measurement invariance/equivalence)问题以及相关的统计方法，最后简要介绍了多层线性模型在跨文化研究中的应用、并讨论跨文化研究方法的发展趋势。

Apparently, the approximate controllability doesn"t hold for generally linear parabolic equations with bounded control. It doesn"t hold for the semilinear heat equations presented there,either. Then, it is proved by analyzing its" solutions that no matter how long the time T is , there are targets that can"t be approximated by the solution of heat equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions;If a given target satisying certain conditions can be reached by the solution of heat equation .

本文先针对两个具体的半线性热方程系统证明了控制加约束后系统是不能控的；然后通过分析方程的解，对带位势及Dirichlet边界条件的热方程系统，无论时间多大，都存在不能控的目标；文中还证明了满足一定条件的目标可达。

The technical kernel of the system is the multi functional logical operation,which is brought about by developing a series of functions,and these functions are based on the properties of natural languages such as linearity,discreteness,recursiveness and hierarchy,etc.

该系统的技术核心是多功能逻辑运算分析技术，该技术的实现是靠建立一系列的功能函数，而这些功能函数是建立在诸如线性、离散性、递归性、层次性等自然语言的特性的基础之上的。

A complete set of image processing and recognition of the source code This is our internal development and use of a image processing code, includes the most image processing and recognition processing function : as template transform, Image smoothing, sharpening, edge recognition, image filtering and fuzzy images, image inverse filtering, fuzzy image noise increases, Wiener filter images, linear transformation, gray tensile, histogram equalization, images corrosion, expansive images, image open operation, GIF correct coding, zooming, rotation, fast Fourier transform, discrete cosine transform, and so on and so forth, that is too many.

详细说明：一套完整的图像处理与识别的源码这是我们内部开发与使用的一套图像处理代码，里面包括了大部分图像处理与识别处理的的函数：像模板变换，图像的平滑、锐化、边缘识别、图像中值滤波、图像模糊、图像逆滤波、图像模糊加噪、图像维纳滤波、线性变换、灰度拉伸、直方图均衡、图像腐蚀、图像膨胀、图像开运算、GIF确码编码、缩放、旋转、快速付立叶变换、离散余弦变换等等，等等，太多了。

In this paper it has been proven that for Cauchy problem of quasi-linear homogeneous partial differential equation its solution always has discontinuity , and the trace of discontinuity is just the envelope of characteristic lines.

本文证明对于拟线性齐次偏微分方程的Cauchy问题，其解总具有间断性，且发生间断的点的轨迹，恰巧就是特征线的包络，另外给出了一个特例，否定了这类解必定会出现多值性的定性论断，从而使构造广义解的理论面临困难。

The stability of Lurie type control systems with multiple time-delays and nonlinearities is considered. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory, using an improved new integral inequality and the method of linear matrix inequality, a refined method called the integral inequality approach is presented.

为了研究具有非线性干扰项的多时滞Lurie控制系统的稳定性问题，依据Lyapunov稳定性理论，利用线性矩阵不等式方法，通过一个改进的新积分不等式，给出了一个新的判断系统稳定的新方法―积分不等式法。

These variations may have some effect on gene structures and gene expression, and then contribute to intraspecific phenotypic diversities.

在物理图提供的序列基础上，对于籼粳稻两个主要栽培稻亚种进行了比较基因组分析，在2.3Mb对应区段中发现了两个亚种在基因组成和顺序上存在的广泛的微共线性，两者之间的差异主要由插入/缺失和单核苷酸多态性造成，这些差异可能影响基因的结构和表达，从而对种间表型差异产生影响。

This book reviews the many areas of numerical analysis, including the configuration polynomial, finite difference, factorial polynomials, summation, Newton formula, operator and configuration polynomial, Cheung section, close polynomials, TaylM more item type, interpolation, numerical differentiation, numerical integration, and with the series, differential equations, differential equations, least squares polynomial approximation, minimax polynomial approximation, rational function approximation, triangular approximation, non-linear algebra, linear equations, linear programming, boundary value problems, MonteCarIo methods and so on.

本书综述了数值分析领域的诸多内容，包括配置多项式、有限差分、阶乘多项式、求和法、Newton公式、算子与配置多项式、祥条、密切多项式、TaylM多项式、插值、数值微分、数值积分、和与级数、差分方程、微分方程、最小二乘多项式逼近、极小化极大多项式逼近、有理函数逼近、三角逼近、非线性代数、线性方程组、线性规划、边值问题、MonteCarIo方法等内容。本书的特色主要表现在利用例题及大量详细的题解来透彻地阐明所述内容的内涵，同时附有大量的补充题以便读者进一步巩固和深化从书中获得的数值分析知识。

The properties of the general linear multistep method for piecewise smooth dynamics of mechanical systems are analyzed and a picewise smooth vibration model is introduced. Some numerical experiments on the vibration model are made and several improved integration methods are presented.

采用Taylor级数展开方法，分析了常用的线性多步法在非光滑机械动力系统中的计算精度特性，建立了一个非光滑的机械振动系统检验模型，给出了典型的计算实例，并提出了几种改善计算精度的措施。

Statistic analysis on IR image characteristics shows that IR target has relatively more and larger regions which are of same quality, mainly expressed by smooth images and by that the energy distribution is concentrated on low frequency band in L〓 linear normed space, while large quantity of background regions show as texture images and their energy in L〓 space is concentrated on high frequency band. Based on this difference, the IR target segmentation method on the basis wavelet transformation is proposed.

通过对红外图像特征的统计分析证明，红外目标含有较多较大的同质区，主要表现为平滑图像，在L〓线性赋范空间的能量分布集中在低频，而大量的背景区域表现为纹理图像，在L〓空间中能量集中在高频部分，根据这一差别，提出了一种基于小波变换的红外目标分割方法。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新