多线

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

The speed also affects combustion noise through variation of advance angle.

推迟供油提前角可以显著降低噪声。2、燃烧系统多参数分析2.1、喷孔数目在喷油压力不变时，减少喷油孔数量，可使促进燃油雾化，使着火延迟期缩短，因而有助于降低压力升高比，汽缸压力频谱线也相应降低，尤其是中、高频成分降的更多些。

Based on the complex potential method about the plane theory of the elasticity of an anisotropic body,stress distributions in the plate with multiple cracks are obtained by using the conformal mapping and the Faber series expansion.

采用各向异性体平面弹性理论中的复势方法，应用保角映射技术和F aber级数展开，导出在任意载荷作用下多裂纹板应力场的级数解，引入当量屈服应力修正裂尖塑性区，并利用Sw ift韧带屈服准则建立含共线分布多裂纹结构的剩余强度分析模型，计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。

Based on the complex potential method about the plane theory of the elasticity of an anisotropic body, stress distributions in the plate with multiple cracks are obtained by using the conformal mapping and the Faber series expansion. The equivalence yield stress considers the effect on plastic zones. The Swift strip yield criteria is used to predict the residual strength of plate containing multiple collinear cracks.

采用各向异性体平面弹性理论中的复势方法，应用保角映射技术和Faber级数展开，导出在任意载荷作用下多裂纹板应力场的级数解，引入当量屈服应力修正裂尖塑性区，并利用Swift韧带屈服准则建立含共线分布多裂纹结构的剩余强度分析模型，计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。

I was more than three months before the birth and baby make a lateral incisor, then a 4-pin joints, and 3 layers, the outside layer of the fourth day that the suture removal, inside there is no demolition that can be absorbed, can go home after a month, or feel uncomfortable there, a little bundle, and now more than three months, there is a bar or as a bit yesterday to read the hospital, said to be inside the cable, there is no absorption, the doctor cut me another line Flanagan, I have read enough has more than 2 centimeters long, but also the Department of the lumps can be The doctor said there is also a part of the meat, she has to stay one and a half centimeters small head, said to be feeling back, if she does not look comfortable, but when the split is really a bit sore, you have had this experience it?

我是三个多月前顺产孩子并做了侧切，当时缝了4针，而且是3层，外面那一层在第四天拆线了，里面的没有拆，说是可以吸收，可回家后都一个月了，还是感觉那里不舒服，有点扎，现在三个多月了，有是还是那样有点扎，昨天到医院看了，说是里面有线，没有吸收，医生就给我又剪断那根线，我看了足有2厘米多长，还系着疙瘩，可医生说里面还有一部分在肉里，她给留了一个半厘米的小头，说是回去感觉一下，如果不舒服再去找她，不过拆的时候真的是有点疼，你们有过这样的经历吗？

The company has fixed assets: the factory area of more than 12,000 square meters, building area of more than 8000 square meters; computer flat seam 300 cars, double needle car, five-line beat edge equipment such as vehicles, more than 60 Units; outstanding more than 350 employees; the annual output reaches 200 10000; annual sales of about 5,000 million.

公司拥有固定资产：厂区面积12000多平米，建筑面积8000多平米；电脑平缝车300台，双针车，五线拷边车等配套设备60余台；优秀员工350多人；年产量达200万件；年销售额约5000万左右。

There are more than 30 sets of machine tool equipment in our workshops, such as CAD/CAM system, imported CNC machining centers, precision CNC milling machines, CNC grinding machines, precision gauge lathe machines, CNC wire-cutting machines, CNC injection molding machines, Automotive precision die-casting machines (7.5T-25T), presses and so on.

公司现在有员工八十多人，包括多名专业工程技术员、技术工人，拥有机床设备三十多台，包括CAD/CAM系统、进口CNC加工中心、精密数控铣床、精密磨床、精密仪表车床、数控线切割机、全电脑数控注射机、热式全自动精密压铸机（7.5T-25T），冲床等。

The company's existing more than 300employees, more than 50 technicians, collect development, design, manufacture and sales in one of the modern enterprise, the company currently has two production bases, which are located in Lu-qiao-Huang-lang and Jiao-jiang-tai-he Industrial Zone ,covers area about 40,000 square meters, To achieve a die-casting, CNC machining, heat treatment processing, painting and assembling the five automatic production processOur company own CNC etc advanced production equipment;more than 99% self-made products; a full range of testing equipment and perfect modern management system so that the quality of the product to be a strong guarantee, the company has developed pneumatic wrench, pneumatic-grease pump and air hose reel etc more than 100 varieties products series, the product passed the CE certification, selling all over the world, our company enjoy a higher reputation at home and abroad

公司现有300多名员工，其中工程技术人员50多人，是集开发设计、制造销售于一体的现代化企业；目前公司拥有两个生产基地，分别位于椒江太和工业区和路桥黄琅工业区，占地面积4万平方米，实现了产品压铸、CNC加工、热处理加工、涂装、装配五大工艺自动化生产；拥有进口CNC数控等先进生产设备，产品自制率高达99%；齐全的检测设备和完善的现代化管理机制使产品的质量得到了有力的保证；公司已形成风扳、注油器、绕线器等系列100多个品种，产品通过了CE认证，畅销世界各地，在国内外同行中享有较高的声誉。

Equipped with more than 1,200 staff; multiple and advanced FUJI SMT patch product lines, 17 manufacturing and testing lines for network terminal products, its annual yield of all kinds of communication equipment has amounted to 4 million pieces, including 500,000 pieces VoIP terminal products.

公司有员工1200多人，工厂建筑使用面积18000多平方米，拥有当今业界最先进的FUJI SMT贴片生产线多套，网络通讯终端产品生产测试线17条，年产各种通讯终端产品400万台，其中VOIP终端50万台。

"The Second China Paper Packaging Industry corrugated packaging and printing exhibition-cum-high-level strategic seminars, and the second session of the China Paper Packaging Industry Color Printing and Packaging Exhibition and high-level strategic seminars, and the second session of the China Paper Boutique Packaging Industry Printing and Packaging Fair "in 2009 October 15 to 17 successfully held in Ningbo, show reached an unprecedented scale in more than 15,000 square meters, including Bost, Germany, BHS, Hubei Jingshan, this chang, Xu Heng ironwork, Yiu Branch, Yu-pang, 10000 Alliance, Shengding, Tokyo, Dexter, victory Albert, German steel, Grand View, open up, good friends, music Huang, big pine, sea power, Qatar, Ding Long, Branch Shenglong North Korea and Chang, Kam Sheung Hing, Ji Xing, Eiffel, Shengyuan, etc. are more than 160 domestic and international famous brand supplier exhibitors, fully demonstrated, including pre-press plate-making systems, tile lines, water-based printing slotting machine, slitting machine , cross-cutting machine, rotary die cutting machine, platen die-cutting machine, folder gluer, laminating machine, UV coating machine, Laminator, UV inkjet equipment, carton color box proofing equipment, including a variety of corrugated boxes, color box printing and packaging equipment, has attracted more than 9,600 industry carton color box packaging and printing business professionals to visit the exhibition, access to the industry wide acclaim, becoming in 2009 the second half of the paper packaging industry, the annual communication, making friends, dealing a big gathering.

&第二届中国纸包装工业瓦楞纸箱包装印刷展览会暨高层战略研讨会、第二届中国纸包装工业（宁波彩盒印刷包装展览会暨高层战略研讨会、第二届中国纸包装工业印刷包装精品交易会&于2009年10月15日至17日在宁波成功举办，展会规模达到了空前的15000多平方米，包括博斯特、德国BHS、湖北京山、今昌、旭恒铁工、耀科、誉邦、万联、盛鼎、东京文洪、胜利伟业、德钢、宏景、开拓、佳友、音皇、大松、海力、卡达、鼎龙、科盛隆、朝昌、锦上兴、冀星、埃菲尔、盛源等国内外160多家国内外著名品牌供应商参展，充分展示了包括印前制版系统、瓦线、水性印刷开槽机、纵切机、横切机、圆压圆模切机、平压平模切机、糊盒机、覆膜机、UV 上光机、裱纸机、UV喷墨设备、纸箱彩盒打样设备等在内的各种瓦楞纸箱、彩盒印刷包装设备，吸引了业内9600多名纸箱彩盒包装印刷企业专业人士前去参观，获得业内人士的广泛好评，成为2009年下半年纸包装行业内一年一度的交流、交友、交易的大聚会。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。