多等位基因

Genetic polymorphism and effect of MC4R gene(1) The distribution of genotype is significantly different among 6 breeds.

在外来品种中有更多的等位基因G，在地方品种中有更多的等位基因A。

It was found that the polymorphism existed not only at the allele level but also at the locus level;many alleles of the microsatellite loci and some of the microsatellite loci had been lost during the process of artificial gynogenesis.

该实验结果还发现不仅草鱼的微卫星位点上存在等位基因的多态性，而且微卫星位点本身也存在多态性；在人工诱导草鱼雌核发育的过程中不仅存在微卫星等位基因快速丢失的现象，而且也存在微卫星位点丢失的现象。

There were totally 22 alleles of these microsatellite loci, and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 6. The average homozygosity, average polymorphism information content and average heterozygosity was 41.67%, 0.488 and 0.5833, respectively.

对这6个位点的扩增产物进行分析，结果显示：6个位点共检测到22个等位基因，每个位点的等位基因数从2个到6个不等；平均基因纯合率为41.67%，平均多态信息含量为0.488，平均杂合度为0.5833。

To date, one allele coding fast acetyltor (wild-type NAT2*4) and several mutated alleles coding for impaired acetylator activity have been identified.

NAT2基因具有高度的多态性，至今为止1个快型野生型等位基因(NAT2*4)和一些慢型野生型等位基因已被证实。

Based on this information, offspring from 10 crosses where parents were known were genotyped by the 6 microsatellite loci and used for parentage analysis. The result showed that assignment success of the progeny to their 'true' mother and father was 88% and 78% respectively, which were lower than predicted by the Cervus simulations. This could be explained by the existence of null or mutant alleles and by Taq DNA Polymerase slippage in the microsatellite loci.

在家系混养的模拟实验中使用这6个高多态性的微卫星基因座从20个候选雌虾中找到真正母亲的概率为88%，从30个候选雄虾中找到真正父亲的概率为78%，低于理论预测值，分析可能与微卫星基因座中的无效等位基因，等位基因的突变以及PCR过程中 Taq 酶发生链滑移等因素有关。

Additive effects were predominant, totally explained 75% of the phenotypic variation and often combined with digenic epistasis. Of 12 main QTLs,9 showed Gaoyou alleles decreasing plant height. Most QTLs with QE effects showed ecologically favourable alleles in diverse regions.

株高受多个QTL影响（12个位点具有加性或兼有环境互作效应，5个位点具有互作效应），以加性效应为主，加性效应总和可解释定位群体表型变异的75%左右，并多兼有上位性效应。12个主效QTL中，9个是&高油&等位基因相对&Sollux&有降低株高的作用，大多数加性×环境互作QTL的有效等位基因具有环境选择特异性。

The average percentage of polymorphic bands are 72.06% for ISSR and 66.67% for RAPD respectively. The genetic diversity of ginkgo revealed by ISSR (the average effective number of alleles is 1.8780, the average Nei"s gene diversity is 0.4652, and the average Shannon"s information index is 0.6574) are all higher than those by RAPD (the average effective number of alleles is 1.7842, the average Nei"s gene diversity is 0.4317, and the average Shannon"s information index is 0.6211), while the standard errors of the parameters estimated by ISSR were lower. Therefore, ISSR molecular markers are more suited than RAPD molecular markers when testing the genetic diversity of ginkgo populations and determining the genetic relationship of among populations or among individuals which are much similar hereditarily.

本文应用RAPD和ISSR两种分子标记技术，选取中国5个可能的野生银杏居群共计75个样品，对其遗传多样性进行了研究，得出以下结论：(1)用筛选出的12个RAPD引物和10个ISSR引物进行PCR扩增，分别扩增出65条和68条重复性高、清晰的条带，多态性位点百分率分别66.67%和72.06%，ISSR揭示的银杏遗传多样性(平均有效等位基因数目为1.8780，平均基因多样度为0.4652，平均信息指数为0.6574)高于RAPD所得到的结果(平均有效等位基因数目为1.7842，平均基因多样度为0.4317，平均信息指数为0.6211)，其所估算参数的标准差要低于RAPD所估算出的值，因此，在研究亲缘关系非常近的银杏物种的遗传多样性并试图确定居群间或个体间的遗传关系时，ISSR分子标记技术比RAPD分子标记技术更为合适。

Results It was able to analyze the DNA polymorphism using 15 polymorphic microsatellite loci between Macaca mulatta and Macaca irus. The allele numbers were more than 7, and there were differences in 11 allele numbers between the two groups.

结果 筛选的15个具有显著多态性的微卫星DNA位点对恒河猴和食蟹猴种群可以进行DNA多态性分析，其等位基因数目均在7个以上，且两群体间有11个位点的等位基因数存在一定的差异。

Results:(1) totally, the distributions of alleles o r genotypes of drd3 ser9gly polymorphism are not significantly different between the groups of paren ts, unaffected-siblings and affected-siblings, and between the sub-types of schi zophrenia.

对drd3基因的ser9gly多态性进行检测。结果：(1)总体而言，drd3基因的ser9gly等位基因频度和基因型频度在父母组、非患病同胞组和患病同胞组之间差异无显著性，在精神分裂症不同亚型之间基因型频度和等位基因频度的分布差异也没有统计学意义。

The genetic study suggested that the carbendazim-resistance in these mutants could be steadily inherited by asexual and selfed reproduction, and the resistance was controlled by the same single major gene both in laboratory mutants and field resistant isolates, the different levels of resistance or the same resistant level in different strains maybe conferred by mutations at different sites or one site with different allelic mutations. The gene compensates for the sensitivity to MDPC was allelic to that governs the carbendazim resistance, but the mutation for increasing sensitivity to MDPC in this gene could get the pathogen highly resistant to carbendazim.

抗药性遗传研究表明，在所研究的抗药突变体中，抗药性在自交和无性繁殖后代中能稳定遗传；室內抗药突变体和田间抗药菌株对多菌灵的抗药性由同一个主效基因控制，但它们发生突变的位点不同或者同一碱基位点发生了不同的突变；对MDPC的敏感性也是由单个基因控制的，该基因与控制多菌灵抗性的基因是等位基因，当该基因发生对MDPC的敏感性增加的突变时会使病菌对多菌灵产生高水平抗性。

Finally, according to market conditions and market products this article paper analyzes the trends in the development of camera technology, and designs a color night vision camera.

最后根据市场情况和市面上产品的情况分析了摄像机技术的发展趋势，并设计了一款彩色夜视摄像机。

Only person height weeds and the fierce looks stone idles were there.

只有半人深的荒草和龇牙咧嘴的神像。