多电路的

Firstly, oscilloscope control system based on GPIB technique is presented with friendly operation environment to the HIFU system, and it uses multithreading technique in programming to realize real-time recording and display of the signal; Secondly, temperature collection and data recording system is designed, which also could get real-time recording and display of the 16 channel temperature signal, and it's believed to be of great use for further experiments of the HIFU system; Thirdly, multiple ultrasonic phased array's phase shifter is designed,which could provide 8-bit phase control in a range of frequency where the centrical frequency is 1MHZ. Fourthly, the module of serial communication is realized to insure the communication between devices and computer, including both synchronous and asynchronous communication, which enables the system to transfer data reliably and stably; Finally, the module of digital quantity control is accomplished, which provide for upper application the consistent solution to the control of exterior devices via digital interface. It can get or set the devices state using interrupt mode to receive input signal or send output signal.

主要有以下几个方面：设计了基于GPIB的示波器控制系统，给课题的研究工作提供了一个良好的环境，它采用了多线程编程的方法，能够较好的实时显示当前波形并记录数据；设计了温度采集和数据记录系统，能够对16路温度信号进行并行同步的实时采集，用于HIFU剂量学研究中温度场检测和医疗评价；设计了相控阵相位延时电路并且通过调试，满足了课题的相位控制的要求，在中心频率为1MHZ左右的频率范围内都能够达到8-bit相位控制；实现了串口通讯模块，为各项设备与计算机之间的通讯提供保证，它提供同步和异步的通讯能力，使系统能够可靠稳定的传输数据；建立了数字量控制模块，为上层应用程序提供一致的方法使用数字接口控制外部仪器，它使用中断的方式来接收输入或输出设定的开关量信号，从而得到或设定各种仪器的状态。

In order to eliminate the influence caused by the nonminimum phase characteristic of a common Boost DC／DC converter, Viswanathan K has proposed a novel tristate Boost DC／DC converter. For enhancing performance, the statespace averaging model of this converter was first presented in this paper. Due to the nonlinear nature in this model, an inputoutput feedback linearization technique was adopted, and a complete controllable linear system was obtained. Then a statefeedback control strategy was designed based on this linear system. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can assure constant output voltage in a wide range, so as to realize the stability of the system during large fluctuation of power supply and load disturbance. Good dynamic performance can also be achieved.

针对 Viswanathan K为消除普通BOOST DC／DC变换器的非最小相位特性而提出的三态Boost DC／DC变换器，为进一步提高这种电路拓扑的性能，在建立了变换器状态空间平均模型的基础上，针对其多变量、非线性特点，采用输入输出线性化将其转化为一个完全可控的线性系统，在此基础上应用现有成熟的线性控制策略进行了控制系统的设计，并且采用MATLAB进行仿真验证，结果表明：这种非线性控制策略可以确保输出电压在大范围内恒定可调，且即使存在大范围扰动(输入电压和负载变化均较大)的情况下，系统也可以确保稳定性和良好的动态性能。

Based on the models presented above, this paper provides the new design of the E1 to VC-4 mapping Application Specific Integrated Circuit that named MXLO21E1-3. The innovations of the chip are listed below.(1) One chip can fulfill 21 E1 tributaries to demultiplex and multiplex from and to two VC-4 buses that transfer in different directions (2) Put forward the new design scheme which combined the ADM system with TM system (3) Adopted the advanced pointer processor which remarkably restrain the output wander (4) Timing recovery is realized in the chip, which reduce the peripheral circuits The characters listed above made the MXLO21E1-3 advanced in the scale, system performance, and application allover the world.

在所建立的SDH系统集成模块概念的基础上，本文提出了一个新的SDH映射芯片MXLO21E1-3的方案设计，该方案创新性的特点在于：（1）单片实现21个E1双总线映射，其功能相当于目前国际应用最多的同类芯片的5倍（2）实现分插复用器ADM和终端复用器TM合二为一的系统设计（3）采用先进的指针处理，显著减小漂移（4）片内E1定时提取，进一步减少外围电路上述特点使该芯片在功能规模上，系统性能和应用上都具有国际领先水平。

Optimal algorithm of combined nonlinear Hopfield network appears powerful validity in solving nonlinear planning, which includes nonlinear objective function, linear constrains and high-demension of decision-making variants, for its ability of nonlinear parallel computation. It is prominent among optimal algorithms because of its function of simply implement with electrocircuit hardware. Genetic algorithm is expressly suitable for optimal calculation regarding the planning of massive, highly nonlinear, inconsecutively differentiable and multiobjective function as well as objective function without analytical expression. However, it inclines to prematurity, as well as its limitation in ability of partial optimal search. Introducing the optimal algorithm of niche genetic simulated annealing to standard Genetic algorithm, can therefore improve the full-scale or partial search ability of Genetic algorithm effectively. It has a far-flung perspective in the field of systemic planning of water pollution control.

组合式非线性Hopfield网络优化算法所具有的非线性大规模并行计算能力在求解具有非线性目标函数、线性约束条件及高维决策变量的非线性规划问题方面显示出了强大的生命力，它易于电路硬件实现的功能更是在优化算法中独树一帜；遗传算法采用概率搜索技术，不受目标函数与约束条件的限制，特别适合大规模、高度非线性的不连续可微的多峰目标函数及无解析表达式的目标函数的规划问题的优化计算，但其存在容易早熟、局部寻优能力较差等缺点，本文在标准遗传算法中引入小生境技术及模拟退火算法有效地改善遗传算法的全局和局部搜索性能，提高了全局最优解的寻优质量，小生境遗传退火模拟优化算法在水污染控制系统规划中的应用前景极为广阔。

The varies regression curves have been adapted to calculate moisture in order to increase device precision and overcome the shortcoming of big error at high moisture when using single curve. 3 Varies scope output signal are changed to 4～20 mA and sent to computer over the share-voltage compensation circuit. The multi channel sensor could be auto chosen to display lumber moisture in different position of the kiln. It makes the moisture distribution of lumber in the kiln clearly and drying standard accurately.

所以采用不同的拟合曲线对水分进行换算，以便提高仪器精度，并克服单一曲线造成的高含水率时误差较大的缺点；3：采用分压补偿式测量电路，将不同量程的输出信号转换成统一的4～20mA信号，送至计算机进行集中数据处理；并自动控制多路传感器的选择，分时显示干燥窑中不同部位木材的水分，使整个窑中木材水分分布一目了然，便于准确地制定干燥基准。

But due to significant magnetic flux leakage present in the loosely wound embedded solenoid inductor structure, large inductance cannot be realized in a compact structure. This is followed by the design of a LTCC common-mode filter intended for use with USB 2.0 products. As compared to the wire-wound common-mode choke, the designed multi-layer common-mode filter produces lower insertion loss on differential-mode signal than conventional ferrite-based common-mode filter.

接著讨论利用低温共烧陶瓷制程技术，设计应用於USB 2.0产品的共模滤波器，相较於一般以磁性材料为主的绕线式共模滤波器，使用多层电路技术设计的共模滤波器可提供较低的差模讯号损失，此外，应用偏移线路的新架构而非完全重叠的线路来设计差模讯号线路组，可减少33%的零件厚度。

In addition, an effect to enhance immunity against noises and reduce the radiated emission and mode conversion of the filter by twisting positive and negative pair is described. Finally, an equivalent circuit model is described and circuit parameters extracted illustrate the effects of routing topologies and structural parameters on filter's performance.

之后再将无遮蔽双绞线结构以多层板的方式实现，设计出一双绞线式的多层共模滤波器，增加元件抵抗杂讯的能力和减少自身辐射及模态转换所产生的干扰现象，最后利用等效电路来诠释这三种不同结构的特性表现，分析改变结构对电路参数所带来的影响。

In this paper RoboCup Mid-size Robot are the object of study from the two sides of the robot system and the system of multi-robot cooperation, the main research results are as follows: First, this paper reasearches the problom of the hardware and software architecture of Mid-size robots. According to the real-time requirements of the competition, the paper designs the mechanism of omni-direction wheels, which achieves a great improvement on the traditional mechanism of two wheels robot, and a more flexible response. This mechanism can adapt well to the increasingly rapid pace of the competition. In allusion to the mechanism of omni-direction wheels, this paper designs the electrical control system of three nodes in the bottom, which could communicate fast to the laptop with serial port and match the real-time requirements well. According to the problom of hitting power and speed of robot when shooting, this paper designes a motor-driven tongue-shaped spring shooting mechanism, which has a simple mechanical structure, smaller space in size and simple control circuit. This shooting mechanism meets the real-time requirements of the competition better.

本文以RoboCup中型机器人作为研究对象，分别从机器人自身系统和多机器人协作系统两个方面进行了研究，主要研究成果如下：首先，研究了中型机器人的软硬件体系结构问题，针对实时比赛的要求，提出了万向轮机构的设计方案，大大改进了传统两轮机器人结构，动作反应更加灵活，该机构能够很好的适应节奏越来越快的比赛；针对万向轮机构，设计了3节点的底层电机控制系统，它可以通过串口与上层笔记本电脑快速通讯，能够很好的实现实时工作要求；针对机器人射门时击球力量和速度的问题，设计了一套电机驱动的舌形弹簧射门机构，机械结构简单，占用空间体积小，控制电路简单，较好的满足了比赛中实时射门的要求。

When it is under certain perturbation, a quasi-elliptic response with transmission zeros to improve the transition can be obtained using the transmission zero technique given in the dissertation. Further, a multi-mode resonator composed of a half wavelength resonator loaded with two shunt series LC circuit is also investigated intensive.

本文提出了一种新型准集总元件谐振器，它既具有结构紧凑的优点，又能够引入传输零点构成准椭圆特性响应；本文也提出了一种由半波长传输线加入微扰构成的双模谐振器，并对它的传输零点技术做了全面系统的研究，这种双模谐振器相比传统的环形双模谐振器有更加紧凑的尺寸；本文提出了一种由半波长传输线加载并联串联LC电路构成的多模谐振器并对其在宽带滤波器的应用进行了研究；论文对一种复合谐振器及其在双通带滤波器设计中的应用进行了研究。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。