多步的

In general, it seems that the field margin and woodland were much fitter for carabid living than cropland; and it was beneficial to protect and establish such habitat for the biodiversity in agro-ecosystem.3 Because of the long-term intensively agricultural land using and rapid urbanization, the vegetation in the Dongbeiwang village was extremely homogeneous.

不同的生境类型下步甲群落的个体数量差异很大，农田生境中步甲群落个体数量都较低，林地和农田边界地带较高；不同土地利用类型下，步甲群落的物种数量也有显著差异，农田边界处步甲群落的物种数量最多，其次为林地和与边界相邻的农田，而农田中出现的物种数量最少。

Go step by step into an ancient Incan civilization to find the lost city of El Dorado, a city hidden in the Amazon jungles!

去一步一步地成为一个古代印加文明，找回失去的城市埃尔多拉多，一个城市隐藏在亚马逊丛林中！

The thesis contains five chapters. The first chapter summarizes the development and research of switched reluctance drive, discusses the main research direction, and explains the main work in this paper. In chapter 2, hardware system which includes the design of power converter and various control circuit is discussed. TMS320LF2407 DSP is used to design the hardware circuits of SRM control system, and design details including the current detection, position sensing, fault protection, speed detecting, keyboard and display etc. are provided. Because of the full use of the abundant peripheral resources of DSP, it comes to the aim simplifying the circuit structure and heightening the reliability. In chapter 3, the application of neural network on SRM control system is introduced, a new the application of neural network and the method of sampling is proposed and a simulation system based on Matlab/Simulink is established. Chapter 4 discusses the routine designing issue. Because the modularized programming method is adopted, and multi-interrupt processing technique is used, operation efficiency of the control software is highly raised. At last, the foregoing SRM control system is tested. Speed adjustment is realized, and other targets on the research and design of SRM control system are reached, which establishes a good foundation for further research.

本文共分五章，第一章概述了开关磁阻电机调速系统(Switched Reluctance Drive，简称SRD)及其发展和研究现状，论述了其主要研究方向，并说明了本文的主要工作；接下来的一章主要讨论了SRM的硬件系统，主要包括功率变换器的设计和各种控制电路的设计，本文以TMS320LF2407为核心设计了开关磁阻电机控制系统硬件电路，给出了包括电流检测、位置检测、故障保护、测速电路及键盘和显示电路等部分电路的详细设计，充分利用了DSP的丰富外设资源，达到了简化电路结构、提高运行可靠性的目的；第三章介绍了人工神经网络在开关磁阻电机控制系统中的应用，提出了一种新的应用方式(利用GPFN神经网络调节PI参数)以及如何采取样本，搭建了基于Matlab/Simulink的仿真系统；在第四章中，讨论了开关磁阻电机控制软件的设计，采用模块化编程方法，采用基于多中断的控制程序，提高了控制软件的效率；最后，对所设计的开关磁阻电机控制系统进行了实验，实现了电机调速，达到了开关磁阻电机控制系统研究和设计的预期目标，为更近一步研究打下了基础。

We organized and identified the specimens which collected in the insects specimens laboratory of life science and technology department of Xinjiang university, from almost everywhere of Xinjiang with combination of the conventional methods and the electroscopic scanning technique.

本文采用常规鉴定方法与雄性外生殖器解剖相结合，辅以扫描电镜观察，对收藏于新疆大学生命科学与技术学院昆虫室20年来积累的标本及三年在校期间系统地采集于全疆各地的拟步甲类标本进行了整理与鉴定，结合野外考察及重要类群的生物学研究，研究其区系成份，并对其区系特征及地理分布状况进行了系统的分析，主要研究成果如下：1）初步查明新疆拟步甲科昆虫共计266种，分隶于23族72属，其中35种为中国新记录种，3种为拟步甲类新种，作新种记述，并附图片；在研究过程中初步探讨了拟步甲的中文命名问题； 2）新疆拟步甲种类繁多，其区系成分分析显示，除12种为广布种以外，共有6种区系成分，其中中亚细亚种为最多，有87种，占已种的32.7﹪；其次依次为中央亚细亚种和特有种，分别为81种和65种，各占已知种类的30.5﹪和24.4﹪；泛古北种12种，占4.5﹪；欧洲西伯利亚种7种，占2.6﹪；欧洲中亚种最少，仅有2种，占0.75﹪，并根据新疆拟步甲科昆虫区系成分分析了其起源问题； 3）新疆拟步甲科昆虫的地理分布表明，分布于准噶尔盆地的种类最为丰富，计161种，占新疆已知种的60.5﹪；其次是塔里木盆地92种，占已知种的34.6﹪；东疆诸盆地63种，占23.7﹪；伊犁谷地56种，占21.1﹪；在三大山系中，天山山系的拟步甲种类最多，为54种，占20.3﹪；阿尔泰山山系28种，占10.5﹪；昆仑山山系13种，占4.9﹪。

Sometimes I thought if digging a hole under the place where theymade their fire, and putting in five or six pounds of gunpowder,which, when they kindled their fire, would consequently take fire,and blow up all that was near it: but as, in the first place, Ishould be unwilling to waste so much powder upon them, my storebeing now within the quantity of one barrel, so neither could I besure of its going off at any certain time, when it might surprisethem; and, at best, that it would do little more than just blow thefire about their ears and fright them, but not sufficient to makethem forsake the place: so I laid it aside; and then proposed thatI would place myself in ambush in some convenient place, with mythree guns all double-loaded, and in the middle of their bloodyceremony let fly at them, when I should be sure to kill or woundperhaps two or three at every shot; and then falling in upon themwith my three pistols and my sword, I made no doubt but that, ifthere were twenty, I should kill them all.

这时，我已怒不可遏了，但还是强压心头的怒火，往回走了二十多步，来到一片矮树丛后面。靠着这片矮树丛的掩护，我一直走到那棵大树背后。那里有一片小小的高地，离那些野人大约有八十码远。我走上高地，把他们的一举一动看得清清楚楚。事情已发展到万分紧急的关头了，因为我看到有十九个野人挤在一起坐在地上，他们派出另外两个野人去宰杀那可怜的基督徒。看来，他们是要肢解他，一条胳膊一条腿地拿到火上去烤。我看到那两个野人这时已弯下腰，解着那白人脚上绑的东西。我转头对星期五说：&听我的命令行动。&星期五说他一定照办。我就说：&好吧，星期五，你看我怎么办就怎么办，不要误事。&于是，我把一支短枪和一支乌枪放在地下，星期五也跟着把他的一支鸟枪和一支短枪放在地下。我用剩下的一支短枪向那些野人瞄准，并叫星期五也用枪向他们瞄准。然后，我问星期五是否准备好了，他说：&好了。&

The process features and shape features of the electronic part are classified and defined, and then the feature model library is built, which enables rapid input of the part information. The rules and methods of stamping process design are summarized to build the stamping process library, so that the stamping process can be designed rapidly and intelligently. Furtherly, the process design rules and methods in process station layout of multi-station progressive die as well as the methods of decompounding and compounding process and the expression method of the process station layout are concluded and summarized, and then the rule library and case library of process station layout are built. Designing the process station layout rapidly is carried out based on rules and cases. At last the rapid design function of process station layout is validated through simulating the rapid designing layout system of multi-station progressive die on Pro/E 3D platform.

主要研究成果有：对电子产品冲压件的工艺特征与形状特征进行了分类和定义，建立了特征模型库，实现了冲压件信息的快速输入；归纳了冲压工艺设计规则和方法，建立了冲压工艺知识库，实现了冲压工艺快速与智能化设计；归纳总结了多工位级进模工步排样中的工序设计原则和方法，工序分解与工序组合方法，工步排样知识的表示方法，建立了工步排样规则库和实例库，利用基于规则和实例的推理方法，实现了工步排样的快速设计；在Pro/E三维软件平台上开发了电子产品多工位级进模工步排样快速设计系统，系统通过实例验证了工步排样的快速设计功能。

In order to utilize lignin effectively, base on the situation in China, the study was carried on systematically, centering around the topic of two step sulfomethylation of the soda lignin of wheat straw (the first step is methylolation, the second is sulfonation) and its application. The main purpose is to develop a heterogeneous catalytic system which not only catalyzes but also homogenizes the lignin molecule in the reaction.

为真正高效利用碱木素，木论文根据我国实情，紧紧围绕着麦草碱木素两步磺甲基化（第一步为羟甲基化，第二步为磺化）及其应用这一主题，以开发出在反应过程中既可催化反应又能使木素分子均一化的多相催化体系为主要目标，系统地展开了研究。

The degree of hydrogenation of methyl benzoate might be controled by adding the promoters and changing the nano-size of ZnO. For hydrogenation of methyl benzoate to benzaldehyde, the active-structure of a catalyst should be modified to decrease the absorption of benzaldehyde on the surface of it, because benzaldehyde absorbed is hydrogenated easily. Using 30-40％ZnO/γ-Al〓O〓 or Li-30％ZnO/γ-Al〓O〓, a higher selectivity to benzaldehyde is obtained. Hydrogenolysis of methyl benzoate to toluene or benzene is carried out effectively using a catalyst modified. For instance, 45.3％ selectivity to benzene and 100％ conversion of methyl benzoate at 420℃ was obtained over 10％ZnO/MCM-41 with the nano-size particles of ZnO (2.4nm).

也可以通过助催化剂的添加和活性组分的纳米化，并根据苯甲酸甲酯多步加氢反应的特点实行加氢深度的调控：苯甲酸甲酯选择性加氢制苯甲醛中，由于苯甲醛容易进一步加氢，需要对活性结构进行调变，以减弱苯甲醛的吸附，使用30-40％ZnO/γ-Al〓O〓催化剂或Li调变的Li-30％ZnO/γ-Al〓O〓催化剂，可获得较高的苯甲酸甲酯加氢制苯甲醛的活性；采用同样的方式，苯甲酸甲酯选择性氢解为甲苯或苯也获得了较好的结果，如使用ZnO纳米化的10％ZnO/MCM-41催化剂，在420℃，可获得45.3％的苯选择性，苯甲酸甲酯完全转化。

The first thing I did, was to recompense my original Benefactor, my good old Captain, who had been first charitable to me in my Distress, kind to me in my Beginning, and honest to me at the End: I shew'd him all that was sent me, I told him, that next to the Providence of Heaven, which disposes all things, it was Owing to him; and that it now lay on me to reward him, which I would do a hundred fold: So I first return'd to him the hundred Moidores I had receiv'd of him, then I sent for a Notary, and caused him to draw up a general Release or Discharge for the 470 Moidores, which he had acknowledg'd he ow'd me in the fullest and firmest Manner possible; after which, I caused a Procuration to be drawn, impowering him to be my Receiver of the annual Profits of my Plantation, and appointing my Partner to accompt to him, and make the Returns by the usual Fleets to him in my Name; and a Clause in the End, being a Grant of 100 Moidores a Year to him, during his Life, out of the Effects, and 50 Moidores a Year to his Son after him, for his Life: And thus I requited my old Man.

然后，又请来了一位公证人，请他起草了一份字据，把老船长承认欠我的四百七十块葡萄牙金币，以最彻底、最可靠的方式全部取消或免除。这项手续完成之后，我又请他起草了一份委托书，委任老船长作为我那种植园的年息管理人，并指定我那位合股人向他报告账目，把我应得的收入交给那些长年来往于巴西和里斯本的船队带给他。委托书的最后一款是，老船长在世之日，每年从我的收入中送给他一百葡萄牙金币；在他死后，每年送给他儿子五十葡萄牙金币。这样，我总算报答了这位老人。我现在该考虑下一步的行动了，并考虑怎样处置上天赐给我的这份产业了。说实在话，与荒岛上的寂寞生活相比，现在我要操心的事更多了。

We put forward a new viewpoint that the purity of seed selection keeps the balance with the DNA polymorphism demand. The research aim at oak silkworm seed selection was to determine how to keep the balance between improving cultivar purity and keeping the genetic diversity within cultivar.

对品种选育的纯度与DNA多态性需求的平衡进行了讨论，并分析了对柞蚕品种选育的启示，提出了柞蚕品种选育的下一步的研究目标：寻找提高品种纯度与保持品种内的遗传多样性的平衡点。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。