多核细胞

The long-term opening of mitochondria permeability transition pore results in the release of cytochrome C, apoptosis inducing factors, Ca2+ and other apoptosis factors into cytoplasm, which can destruct the whole cell structure and function by activating the main member of apoptosis protein family——caspase, or destroying the intranuclear chromoplasm independently, or affecting other protein relying on Ca2+, and finally lead to the formation of apoptotic body.

线粒体是真核生物能量和代谢的中心，也是细胞凋亡信号传导途径中起关键作用的细胞器，越来越多的研究表明，在凋亡信号的刺激下，线粒体发生膨胀，其外膜膜电位降低，外膜破裂后释放出膜间隙的诸多凋亡效应因子，在细胞凋亡中起着主开关的作用。

Viral infection of the host cell may be switched on by the specific and stable combination of one or several viral envelope protein with one or several glycoprotein receptors available on the cell membrane, which is followed by viral pinocytosis or viral fusion with cell membrance, viral deenvelope, viral particle movement from cytoplasm towards nucleus and the viral gene passage.

病毒感染细胞可能是通过一个或几个病毒包膜蛋白与一个或多个细胞膜上的糖蛋白受体特异稳定地结合而启动，通过病毒胞饮作用或者病毒与胞膜融合、病毒脱包膜、病毒粒子从胞浆到胞核的运动和病毒基因通过核膜的传代将会发生；但参与这些动力过程相关的病毒、细胞结构和生化因子仍不清楚。

Then we transfected transitorily the recombinant of green fluorescent protein gene and middle molecular weight neurofilament cDNA into wide type N2a (N2a/wt) and N2a/tau40 to observe the effect of tau accumulation on GFP-NFM fusion protein transport in cellular processes in living cells. At last we used an apoptotic inducer, camptothecin (an inhibitor of topoisomerase-1) to treat N2a/wt and N2a/tau40 cell lines, and compared their apoptotic response.

主要结果如下：一、tau蛋白过度表达和聚积对细胞形态的影响：倒置显微镜下观察两种细胞的形态，发现N2a/wt细胞的突起多而长，而N2a/tau40细胞胞体变圆，突起明显缩短；免疫印迹结果显示转染了tau40的细胞内tau的免疫反应约增加14倍，免疫荧光结果显示N2a/tau40细胞胞体内呈现出较强的红色荧光，tau主要分布在核周和突起起始部分的胞质内，而N2a/wt细胞内的荧光很弱。

Yantai Normal College,264025,ChinaABSTRACT Most epithelial nuclei of Nuttallia olivacea are elliptic in shape and the chromatin is filiform.Most nuclei of connective tissue are round and have Feulgen positive granules.

摘 要 紫彩血蛤的鳃上皮细胞核多为椭圆形，核内染色质呈丝状；结缔组织细胞的核多为圆形，部分核内有块状Feulgen阳性颗粒。

After injection of FG into the NTS, FG retrogradely labeled neurons were present bilaterally with a strong ipsilateral predominance in the hypothalamic regions, such as medial and lateral parvicellular portion of the paraventricular nucleus, posterior

将FG注入孤束核后，在下丘脑室旁核小细胞部、穹窿周区、下丘脑后区及弓状核等核团内都观察到数量较多的FG逆行标记神经元；EM1和EM2阳性神经元的胞体主要位于下丘脑背内侧核、腹内侧核

In electron microscopy endothelial cell of capillary and mitochondrial was edematous obviously, the basement membranes were thickened. RGCs were vacuolated, chromatin of nucleus aggregated marginally decreased and densification. Some of RGCs were necrosis, nucleus were dissolved, mitochondria was edematous, the rough endoplasmic reticula decreased obviously.

电镜下视网膜毛细血管内皮细胞明显肿胀，胞体变圆，突向管腔，线粒体肿胀，空泡化，基底膜增厚，视网膜神经节细胞胞体变形，核明显固缩，核膜消失，胞浆空泡化，线粒体肿胀，细胞表面突起减少，多聚核糖体及粗面内质网显著减少。

Results: nk 4r immunoreactivity was found extensively localized in neuronal somata and neurite of cerebral cortex, and mainy in layer ⅲ,ⅴ. double labeling experiments confirmed that 100% nk 4r immunoreactive neurons co expressed neun, but not gfap.

结果：nk 4r免疫阳性产物在皮层的锥体细胞层分布最多，在皮层内、外颗粒层、多形层也广泛分布，其阳性产物表达于神经元胞体和突起上，免疫荧光双标结果观察到nk 4r与神经元胞核特异性标记物neun共存（100%，146/146，双标细胞数目/nk 4r阳性细胞数目），且不与星形胶质细胞标记物gfap共存。

To explain relationship between the effect of CLD on senile Demention and neuron in hippocampal area. The change of natural aging mice's neuron in hippocampal area were studied by applying microscope and transilluminating electric microscope. Results: Comparing with the young control, the old control mice's hippocampus had less small pyramid cells, the nerve cells denaturalizing and their branches reducing in the microscope. Hippocampal nerve cells were degenemiceing, with nucleus membrance crinkling like wave shape were not clear, and chromatin condensing with high electron density, heterochromatin accruing, part cell organs inclosing nucleus, nucleus condensing in the EM.

为了阐明菖龙丹抗老年性痴呆作用与海马区神经元结构的关系，运用光镜和透射电镜观察了菖龙丹对自然衰老小鼠海马区形态的影响，结果显示老年对照组小鼠光镜下海马锥体细胞较青年对照组数量减少，细胞体积变小，神经元变性，分枝减少；电镜下海马神经细胞发生退化改变，核膜皱缩，呈波浪状，膜结构不清晰，核染色质浓缩，电子密度高，异染色质较多，部分胞浆细胞器向细胞核聚集，有的可见细胞核固缩。

The efferent projections of hypothalamic and brain stem nucleuses to nucleus dorsalis nervi vagi were studied by means of the retrograde axonal transport of HRP technique in cats.

本文用HRP轴突逆行输送法，对猫下丘脑和脑干一些核向迷走神经背核的传出投射进行了研究。将HRP注射至迷走神经背核后，较多的标记细胞见于同侧下丘脑的室旁核、背内侧核以及中脑的中央灰质和被盖腹内侧区。

Methods Fourteen mutated vpr fragments were selected from patients with HIV. Both eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 and PCR products were purified, double-cut by Hind Ⅲ and BamH Ⅰ, and the cut products were legated and transformed into competent cells JM109. The 14 reconstructed plasmids were transfected into Hela cells. Cells with pcDNA vpr-wt, pcDNA vpr-Fs and pcDNA3.1 blank cells, and without pcDNA3.1 cell were established.

以14个带有HIV-1vpr基因片段的PcD-NA3.1真核表达载体构建重组质粒，将其转染Hela细胞，并设立保守株vpr基因转染细胞、突变株vpr-FS基因转染细胞、空载体转染细胞和未转染细胞作为对照，经逆转录多聚酶链式反应检测目的基因转染成功后，Pi染色，用流式细胞仪检测被转染细胞的细胞周期分布和细胞凋亡率。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷