多样性

The least is in the meadow.The diversity index of soil collembolan is closely correlated with the group number and individual number.

土壤虫的多样性指数与类群数和个体数密切相关，多样性指数与均匀度指数基本成正相关。

In order to preserve the varieties of the swarm and avoid to be in premature convergence,a Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm based on the differential evolution mutation is proposed.The new algorithm uses the particle aggregation quality to judge that if the particles in the swarm are congregative so much,then apply the differential evolution to mutate the self prevenient best position of each particle,in order to realize the aim of preserving the varieties of the swarm.

为了保持粒子种群的多样性而避免发生&早熟&的问题，提出一种基于差异演化变异的粒子群优化算法，该方法通过粒子聚集性判断如果粒子群中的粒子过于聚集，则使用差异演化算法对PSO算法中各个粒子的自身历史最佳位置进行变异，以实现保持粒子群种群多样性的目的。

Hence 7 national parks have been established since 1982 with management focusing on the conservation of endangered species as well as active establishment of areas for preserving biodiversity and sustainable use. To promote environmental education, a variety of conservational programs have also been initiated in recent years, whose accomplishment will be reported in this issue.

为此，从1982年迄今已成立的7座国家公园，在经营管理上不仅著眼於保育濒危物种，更积极划设保护生物多样性和永续利用之地；近年来，亦为普及与落实生物多样性的环境教育，而推广宣传多项保育活动，本期就带您深入了解今年7座国家公园主要的保育成果。

Cryptocarya chinensis had lowgenetic diversity and roughly distributed them equally in the subpopulations with mediagenetic divergence,the individuals showed high similarity with a few of loci frequencychanged.

厚壳桂的遗传多样性相对较小，同时这种多样性在亚种群间分布也较为均匀，所有个体之间的差异小，只有较少的位点频率发生了变化，变化的程度中等，AMOVA分析表明其在群落层次上的遗传分化中等。

With a study of plant community succession on 5 stocking rates,herbage utilizational efficiency and risk-benefit balance,it is suggested the sustainable development should follow:(1)no degradational principle of rangeland,(2)the maximum herbage utilizational efficiency,(3)the risk-benefit balance,When stocking rate was no more than 2.67 sheep/hm2,the proportion of grasses and plant biodiversity index and evenness were increased based on Artemisia frigida and short-grass rangeland.

草地畜牧业可持续发展的三大生物经济原则为草场不退化原则、最大生物学效率原则和风险-利润权衡原则：(1)草场不退化原则。在冷蒿小禾草退化草原上，暖季期间1.33～2.67羊/hm\+2的放牧率下可使其发生恢复演替，禾草的比例增大，植物多样性指数和均匀度指数均有所提高，从而达到利用式改良的目的；相反，若继续重牧或过牧，放牧绵羊喜食的植物种类将进一步减少，植物多样性指数也有所降低。

The diversity index of soil dematiaceous hyphomycetes was the highest but the evenness was lower in town-oasis, whereas in desert and gobi the diversity index was obviously lower, and the species evenness was higher.

在小镇-绿洲生境中，土壤暗色丝孢菌的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最高，均匀度较低；而在沙漠和戈壁生境中多样性指数明显较低，而物种的均匀度较高。

The development of Chinese herbal medicine is one of main methods for peasants to increase income in the eastern mountain area of Liaoning.The main medicinal plants in Liaoning Province are schisandra,asarum,dioscorea, panax,gentiana,aconitum,fritillaria,lilium,astragalus,saposhnikovia,atractylodes,polygonatum, clematis,dictamnus,etc.The soils of nearly 20 species of the medicinal plant were studied in this paper.The differences among different medicinal plants were analyzed.The species and quantity of fungi,bacteria and antinomycete in soil of medicinal plants were clear.With the pathogen of main diseases of medicinal plants as target,the strains in the control of pathogen were screened from soil of medicinal plants.

在本研究中，首次以辽宁省主栽药用植物：五味子、细辛、穿山龙、移山参、龙胆、黄花乌头、平贝母、百合、黄芪、防风、苍术、玉竹、威灵鲜和白鲜皮等近20种药用植物土壤为研究对象，应用平板稀释法和磷脂脂肪酸测定法对土壤微生物多样性进行研究，通过研究明确了影响土壤微生物多样性的因素；土壤微生物与药用植物关系；以药用植物土壤微生物为供试菌株，药用植物近年来主要病害为靶标菌，进行生防菌株筛选。

Species diversity of Lachnum from Huangshan Moutains Anhui China weresurveyed, Nine taxa were reported. Tissue isolation was performed on 97 discomycetes specimens fromHuangshan Mountains, 33 filament products were obtained.

我国安徽黄山等地物种丰富，但是对粒毛盘菌属物种多样性的报道却相对较少，本研究对黄山等地粒毛盘菌属的物种多样性进行了分类学研究，报道了黄山粒毛盘菌属9个分类单元。

The analysis of diversity shows that some of the manuring treating will advance the soil bactrial community diversity index, evenness and richness which was high from the sample without manuring. Different manuring could increase the soil bactrial community parameter effectively but discrepantly.

多样性分析显示，部分施肥土壤的微生物群落多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰度均高于对照，处理间的各土壤微生物群落参数差异较大。

After 2000, the genetic diversity index of the regional trials No.2 has a little bit elevatory but still kept in unremarkable level.

从总体来看，山东省不同年代选育的小麦品种的遗传多样性差异较小，也没有因为育种而导致当地小麦品种的遗传多样性下降。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。