多样性

From the change of Shannon's Diversity Index and Shannon's Evenness Index, we know that the diversity of landscape and the Interspersion Juxtaposition Index increase.

从香农多样性指数和香农均度指数的变化可以看出，景观的多样性增加，且均度增强。

The metrics include patch density, largest patch index, edge density, area-weighted shape index distribution, area- weighted fractal index distribution, mean Euclidean nearest neighbor distance dlstributlon,standard deviation of Euclidean nearest neighbor distance distribution, coefficients of variation of Euclidean nearest neighbor distance distribution, contagion, interspersion and juxtaposition index, cohesion, Shannon's diversity index and Simpson's diversity index.

根据生态区划计算描述中国陆地景观结构的13种景观结构指数，包括斑块密度、最大斑块指数、边界密度、面积加权斑块形状指数、面积加权斑块分维度、平均最近斑块距离、最近斑块距离的标准差、最近斑块距离的相异系数、蔓延度、分布邻接指数、结合度、香农多样性指数、辛普森多样性指数。

We put forward the introductive research between the human activities and the diversity of species and the results obtained in the paper is useful to enrich the content of landscape ecology and the protection of endangered species.

本文的创新在于：提出了栖息地增加对物种多度影响的模式、生境重叠的模式以及物种和环境之间相互作用(即环境容量的变化对物种多度的影响)的模式；开展了人类活动与物种多样性的初步研究，对丰富景观生态学和物种多样性的保护具有一定的学术意义和应用价值。

Gene diversity (of all the gene diversity of populations) between populations accounted for 24.34%; Which showed that Lespedeza bicolor had abundant genetic diversity of populations and great genetic potential on breeding.

种群内的基因多样性占总群体的75.66%，种群间占24.34%，表明二色胡枝子种群具有丰富的遗传多样性，在育种上具有很大的遗传潜力。

Pubescens community and mixed plant species belonged to 56 families, 85 genera, 122 species. The layers of arbors, shrubs, liane, and herbages could be distinguished clearly. The community of Jiulian Mountain Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province had the highest diversity indices of tree layer in four T. ciliata var. pubescens forest communities, the least was community in Changgang, Longquan of Zhejiang Province. The community of Changgang had the highest index evenness, the least was in Jiulong Mountain of Zhejiang Province. The importance value of T. ciliata var.

研究结果表明：毛红椿天然林群落的物种多样性丰富，与毛红椿混生的植物种类有56科85属122种，而且层次性较强，分为乔木层、灌木层、藤本层和草本层4层。4个毛红椿天然林群落乔木层中，江西九连山群落Simpson多样性指数最高，浙江龙泉昌岗毛红椿群落为最低；浙江龙泉昌岗群落的均匀度指数最高，浙江九龙山群落为最低。

It can be concluded from the experiment results that hatchery seed has lower genetic variation and large-scale hatchery seed releasing affects the genetic diversity of the natural population. The shrimp distributed along China coast in Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea may consist of more than one populations. The viral disease resistant ability of F. chinensis is proved to be genetically inherited and can be improved by genetic selection.

通过对实验结果的进一步分析认为：中国对虾人工育苗的过程使后代群体的遗传多样性下降，人工培育苗种的大规模放流影响了自然群体的遗传多样性；，分布于我国沿海的中国对虾可能由多个自然群体构成，还存在未被发现的种质资源；中国对虾抗WSSV病毒感染是由遗传决定的，选育可提高中国对虾对WSSV的抗性。

Theresults of diversity analysis show understory plants species diversity index of tree layer is maximal,shrub layer is secondary,herb layer is minimal.

物种多样性定量分析表明，乔木层物种多样性最大，灌木层次之，草本层最小。

Of Zhouhe carps have haplotype Ⅱ; 81.25% of Jian carps have haplotype Ⅵ; 39.47% of mirror carps belong to haplotype I and 47.37% belong to haplotype II Haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity within Zhouhe, jian and mirror carp samples were 0.1603, 0.3327, 0.6287 and 0.003042, 0.004838, 0.007163 respectively.

州河鲤中以单倍型Ⅲ为主，达91.37%，建鲤以单倍型Ⅵ为主，达81.25%；框鳞镜鲤中单倍型Ⅱ占39.47%，单倍型Ⅲ占47.37%；州河鲤、建鲤以及框鳞镜鲤群体内的单倍型多样性指数和核苷酸多样性指数分别为0.1603、0.3327，0.6287、0.003042，0.004838、

The results revealed that nine of the fourteen Y-specific markers cannot be used for investigating the swamp buffalo Y chromosome genetic diversity because of the reasons specified below: three microsatellites markers (INRA008, UMN0103 and UMN0504) were single allele and monomorphism, three (UMN1113, UMN0304 and BC1.2) indicated three alleles respectively but mornomorphism, and the other three (UMN0920, UMN0307 and UMN3008) showed irregular ladder-like bands. Only the remaining five microsatellites (INRA124, INRA189, BM861, PBR1F1 and UMN2001) indicated polymorphisms, and thus can be applied to study the swamp buffalo Y chromosome genetic diversity.

结果表明，3个标记（INRA008，UMN0103和UMN0504）只有1个等位基因，表现为单态；3个标记（UMN1113，UMN0304和BC1.2）均为3个等位基因，但呈单态；3个标记（UMN0920，UMN0307和UMN3008）呈现无规律的梯状条带，所以这9个标记都不适用于水牛的Y染色体遗传多样性研究；只有5个标记（INRA124，INRA189，BM861，PBR1F1和UMN2001）具有多态性，表明适用于水牛的Y染色体遗传多样性研究。

However, few studies have been conducted on the mechanism of altitudinal species diversity patterns in the montane forest communities.

研究深度也从根据样地资料的简单描述和分析，发展为山地森林群落物种多样性机理假说的提出与证实，尚未见有关山地森林群落物种多样性垂直格局机理的报道。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。