多晶的

It turns out that such single-crystal ingots are no longer good enough for the job: they have too many" defects," dislocations in the atomic lattice that hamper the silicon's ability to conduct and otherwise cause trouble during chip manufacture.

然而这样一颗单晶棒已经不足以满足工作需求：它们有太多「陷」布在原子晶格之间，这会影响矽的导电能力，而且会在晶片制造过程中带来麻烦。

It was also found that the film of smaller grains corresponded to a smaller lattice constant of the garnet structure, which implied that fewer Bi〓 ions substituted into the dodecahedral sites in the garnet, due to the fact that the smaller grains resulted in more grain boundaries, thus leading to more serious Bi segregation in the grain boundaries.

分析表明，细小的晶粒意味着薄膜中含有更多的晶界，这样将导致Bi组分在晶界上的偏析较显著，而进入石榴石结构中氧十二面体间隙的Bi〓较少，对于Bi，Al∶DyIG来说，石榴石相晶格常数与{Bi〓}〓呈正相关关系，由此可以解释具有细小晶粒的薄膜对应较小的石榴石相晶格常数。

Phase change memory with N-GST can realize three-state storage in one PCM cell by using the resistivity difference between the amorphous state, the face centered cubic phase and the hexagonal phase of GST.

利用N-GST薄膜的非晶态、晶态面心立方相和晶态六方相的电阻率差异，能够在同一存储单元中存储三个状态，实现相变存储器的多态存储功能。

The results show that the surface microphotograph yielded in multiple-step machining with slow feeding and in one-step compound process is satisfactory, and there are fewer defects, lower deformation and thinner metamorphic layers; while that produced in other processes is quite rough, there are more defects and bigger deformation on the machined surface, and they are detrimental to assembly properties and fatigue life of fastening holes.

结果表明，钻扩铰多步慢进给工艺和一步复合制孔工艺所加工出的表面，平整、光滑、加工缺陷少、晶格变形小、变质层薄；而其它工艺条件下，孔表面微观形貌复杂、加工纹路紊乱、表面缺陷多、晶格畸变大，变质层厚，这些加工状况，对紧固孔的装配性能和疲劳寿命都有很大的影响。

The thermodynamic calculations of the Gibbs free energies for typical multiple phase equilibria in silicate systems were performed,including (1)melting reactions of silicate reactant in processing of the glass-ceramics;(2)sintering reactions in utilizations of nepheline syenite and high- flyash;(3)crystallizing reactions of tobermorite and xonotlite .

对硅酸盐体系的典型多相平衡反应进行了热力学计算，包括：(1)微晶玻璃制备过程中的硅酸盐熔融反应；(2)霞石正长岩和高铝粉煤灰利用技术中的硅酸盐烧结反应；(3)S iO2-CaO-H2O体系和KA lS i3O8-CaO-H2O体系雪硅钙石、硬硅钙石的水热晶化反应；(4)高铝粉煤灰和霞石正长岩烧结产物的溶解反应；(5)Na[A l4]-A l3-H2O体系和Na2SO4-Ca2-H2O体系中α-A l3和CaSO4.2H2O的析晶反应。

The rocking curves of different area have been measured by high resolution X-ray diffractometry. The reflections were indexed, furthermore the polytype structures were identified. The results are consistent with those of Raman spectroscopy analysis. It is demonstrated that Raman spectroscopy is a simple and powerful method for the determination of SiC polytypes.

同时采用高分辨X射线衍射测量了该晶片不同区域的摇摆曲线，将不同多型体的计算衍射角与实验值加以比较，对SiC晶片中的多型进行了标注，所得结论与激光Raman光谱测定结果相一致，说明Raman光谱是一种简单、快速地鉴定多型结构的强有力的工具。

Main results are listed as below: 1. In rapid solidification, when the cooling rate is over some critical value, the solidification system will become unstable in the sense of the nonequilibrium thermodynamics, a uncontinuous steady state jump phenomenon will occur, and this uncontinuous steady state jump can be understood as the glass transition.

主要得到了如下结果：(1)通过对快速凝固过程的动力学及热力学的分析，提出了非晶转变的分枝理论模型，结果表明，对一合金熔体，当冷却速度大于某一临界值时，凝固体系会出现非平衡热力学意义上的失稳而出现多定态分枝现象，这一多定态现象可以被理解为非晶转变。

The results show that though TiN and SiC monolayers exist as nanocrystal and amorphous respectively, the nanomultilayers grown by alternative depositing of TiN and SiC form columnar crystal with intensive preferred orientation.

结果表明，尽管TiN和SiC的单层膜分别以纳米晶态和非晶态存在，但由TiN和SiC通过交替沉积形成的纳米多层膜却能够生长成为晶体完整性良好的柱状晶并呈现强烈的择优取向，显示了一种异质材料晶体生长的相互促进作用。

Results show that when the thickness is less than 0.7 nm, Si3N4, normally amorphous in deposition state, could form a NaCl-type pseduocrystal structure due to the template effect of TiN crystal layer. Crystallized Si3N4 layers and TiN template layers grow coherently into columnar crystals with (111) preferred orientation. Correspondingly, the hardness of the films was enhanced to a maxim value of 38.5 GPa, showing a superhardness effect.

结果表明，在TiN调制层晶体结构的模板作用下，溅射态以非晶存在的Si3N4层在其厚度小于0.7 nm时被强制晶化为NaCl结构的赝晶体，多层膜形成共格外延生长的（111）择优取向超晶格柱状晶，并相应产生硬度显著升高的超硬效应，最高硬度达到38.5 GPa。

Self-fluxing Fe-Cr-Ni-B-Si alloy prowders are laser clad on medium carbon steel substrate of dimensions 80×35×10mm〓. The investigation results of this clad layer are: micro-defects, micro-cavity and occluded forin substance, are the micro-cracks and crack resourses in clad layer; crack of coating propagates along the boundary of two kinds of eutectic sutructure; The included angle θ between the cracking direction and laser scanning direction in multitrack overlapping clad is smaller than that in one-track clad because of crack propagating along crystalline growth direction and crystalline direction in overlapping zone being different from it in one-track clad.

在调质态的45〓钢表面，采用预置粉末法进行FeCrNiBSi合金的多道搭接激光熔覆，对其熔覆层进行分析表明：多道搭接激光熔覆层裂纹扩展方向与激光扫描方向间的夹角θ与单道熔覆时相比明显变小，前者θ0°，后者θ角基本都为90°，这主要是因为多道搭接时，搭接区结晶方向发生了变化以及裂纹沿结晶方向扩展所致；激光熔覆层裂纹大多是以覆层与基材交界面的孔洞、熔覆层内不同方向共晶团间的显微缩孔、夹杂物的边界等三种显微缺陷作为裂纹源，并沿低熔点物相形成元素偏析造成弱化膜的共晶团界面扩展延伸。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。