多岩的

The statistics show that most casing failures occur in argillaceous rock salt areas.

套管损坏是国内外油田普遍存在的问题，通过对江汉油田王广地区 30 0多口套管损坏井的资料进行了统计分析，得出套管损坏绝大多数发生在泥盐岩地层，套管设计载荷偏低，高压注水是加剧套管损坏以及射孔是射孔段套管损坏的主要原因，并针对泥盐岩的特点分析了套管损坏的机理。

This sedimentary basin, with repeated cycles of arenaceous, argillaceous and carbonate rocks was developed in the margin of the Eastern Ghat mobile belt.

该盆地发育于Chat活动带东部边缘，并发育沙质、粘土质和碳酸盐岩的多期重复沉积旋回。

1Based on the characteristics of carbonatite reservoir in Sangtamu area, we summarize the type of seismic reflection and the distribution of oil and gas.(2)Through the study of the lateral difference of local amplitude, which can predict the short, unorderly reflective energy gobbet of carbonatite reservior, we study the distribution of carbonatite reservoir with crack.(3)Analyzing the change of the seismic waveform, applying nerve network method to classify the seismic waveform, find the rule of its change, recognizing the change rule of seismic facies.(4)Applying the seismic multi-attribute cross method to study the surface and inner of carbonatite reservoir in buried hill. We first extract the 5 kinds of seismic attribute. Through a series of choices, we find those seismic attributes that are sensitive to the change of carbonatite reservoir.

主要的研究包括：①根据桑塔木碳酸盐岩的储层特点，总结了该区的地震反射特征及油气分布特征；②研究出一种有针对性的地震属性--局域振幅横向差异性，来定量刻画潜山内部"短轴"杂乱反射能量团，预测缝洞型碳酸盐岩内部储层的平面分布规律；③通过对地震波形变化的分析，运用神经网络对地震波形进行有效分类，找出波形变化的总体规律，从而认识地震相的变化规律；④应用交会法地震多属性分析方法，对潜山表层和内部分别提取了5大类40种地震属性，通过一系列分析表层及内幕各自优选出3种、4种地震属性用于进行交会分析。

Early diagenesis has broad and bright prospects not only in theory but also in application, and three future trends are predicted. First, the area of early diagenesis study will be enlarged widely to lake, delta, soil. Then, the stable or nonstable one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional multi-layer early diagenesis models will be established, and the methods and theoretical achievements of early diagenesis will be widely applied in environmental sedimentology to supervise and treat environment pollution.

早期成岩作用研究具有广阔的发展前景，未来可能在以下3方面快速取得突破：研究区域将进一步扩大，湖泊、三角洲及土壤中的相应研究将得以加强；多层的稳态或非稳态的一维、二维或三维的早期成岩数学模型将得以建立；其研究方法和理论成果将被广泛应用于环境沉积学及环境监测和治理等领域中。

The material for formation of the granitoids isderived from mixing sources of crust and mantle, with decreasing in crust-derived componentsfrom early to late.5. The tectonic setting for formation of the Mesozoic granitoids in the region isdefined as a post-collisional setting. The occurrence of a small part of rocks with characteristics ofcollisional or anorogenic granitoids provides evidence for the continuous process oftransformation of tectonic regime from collisional through post-collisional to anorogenic.6. Themultiple cycles of mantle-derived magma underplating caused by the multiple stages oflithospheric thinning in the Mesozoic result in the partial melting of middle to lower crust orcrust-mantle syntexis to form magmas. The crystallization of these magmas emplacing afterfractionation is responsible for the formation of the Mesozoic granitoids in this region.

形成花岗岩类的成岩物质来自壳幔混源。5、河南省西部地区中生代花岗岩类成岩构造环境为碰撞后环境，部分岩石具有碰撞期或非造山期花岗岩的某些特征，表明碰撞后阶段既是碰撞造山过程的延续，又是向非造山环境的构造转换时期，因而其岩浆活动在一定程度上仍然继承了碰撞前消减时期和碰撞时期已经活化的岩浆源区性质。6、研究表明，区内中生代多阶段的岩石圈减薄作用引发多旋回的幔源岩浆底侵以及中下地壳的部分熔融或壳幔同熔，由此形成的岩浆经分异演化后侵位可以形成区内的中生代花岗岩类。

It locates on the east bank of the Lijiang River with an area of 134 hectares.

七星公园也称七星景区，位于漓江东岸，面积134公顷，因有七星山、七星岩而得名，是桂林面积最大、历史最悠久、景点最多的综合性公园，它早在一千多年前的隋唐时期已成为游览胜地。

The volcanic rock belt in Yushu has experienced strong contraction deformation,thus the green schist phase of low-degree metamorphism was widely developed and the fanlike nappe overlapped the tectonic units on both sides.

玉树火山杂岩带内岩石经历了强烈挤压和多层次的构造变形，普遍发生绿片岩相的浅变质作用，形成&扇状&推覆体叠盖在两侧构造单元上。

The researches show that fan delta, alluvial plain, delta, lacus and sublacustrine fan develop, each sedimentary facies are divided into several subfacis again. The probability cumulative grain size curves incude "uphill arched arc" pattern, one segment pattern, bi-segment pattern, tri-segments pattern, multi-segments pattern, complicated bi-segment pattern, complicated tri-segments pattern,"low slope multi-segments" pattern,"high slope multi-bouncing population-one suspension population" pattern,"high slope multi-bouncing population-one suspension population-transitional zone" pattern,"high slope and multi-bouncing population" pattern,"broadly uphill arched arc" pattern and so on, each subfacis has own peculiar probability cumulative grain size curves.

研究表明，该地区发育的沉积相有扇三角洲、冲积平原、三角洲、湖泊、湖底扇，每一种沉积相又分为几种沉积亚相类型；该地区碎屑岩的粒度概率累积曲线特征主要包括：&上拱弧形&式、一段式、两段式、三段式、多段式、复杂两段式和复杂三段式、&低斜多段&式、&高斜多跳一悬&式和&高斜多跳一悬夹过渡&式、&高斜多跳&式、&宽缓上拱&式等，每种沉积亚相类型对应其独特的粒度概率累积曲线特征。

Based on the analysis on the oil sources and migration pathway of this area, the mineralization modes of the oil sand in the area are derived in this paper. Main conclusions are drawn as follows: a. multiphase tectonic activity resulted in multistage hydrocarbon generation of the source rock; b. threestage tectonic activity and threestage mineralization process formed a great deal of unconformity and fault pathway, thus the crude oil could migrate in a long distance; c. the tectonic activity in Yanshan and Himalayan stages uplifted the edge of the basin and the eroded reservoir outcropped to the surface, the light oil escaped and then the oil sand resource formed; d.

通过对该区油源和运移通道的分析研究，得出该区油砂的成矿模式：①多期的构造活动使烃源岩多期生烃；②三期构造活动、三个阶段的成矿过程，形成了大量的不整合面和断层通道，使原油远距离运移；③燕山期和喜马拉雅期构造活动使盆地边缘抬升，经受剥蚀，油层出露地表，轻质油逸散形成了现今的油砂资源。

High-quality clastic reservoirs deep-buried in superimposed basin s of China, with many layers and wide distribution, are the importantoil and gas reservoir bodies and exploration targets, which are also key conditions to increase in the exploration effect in seeking for large-scale,high-quality clastic reservoirs in deep superimposed basin s.

我国叠合盆地深层碎屑岩的层系多、分布广，是重要的油气赋存单元和勘探目标，而寻找较大规模的优质碎屑岩储层是提高叠合盆地深层勘探效果的重要前提。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。