多处理器

Multiple trials is the basic concept of many parallel simulated annealing. It is to perform multiple trials at the same time to search acceptable solutions. The division simulated annealing with no communication and The clustering simulated annealing are two common types of parallel simulated annealing methods. The division simulated annealing with no communication makes each processor generate its own adjacent solution from its own current solution and compute the acceptance probability for a adjacent solution. Each of the processors searches solutions without communicating each other. Clustering simulated annealing makes each processor generate its own adjacent solution from a common current solution and compute the acceptance probability for each adjacent solution. Then, it decides which adjacent solution should be used to replace current solution according to a pre-specified rule.

许多平行模拟退火法之理论依据为多向试验，利用同一时间探索更多方向的试验来拓展搜寻的广度或深度，不进行沟通的分工模拟退火法(the division simulated annealing with no communication)以及丛集模拟退火法(the clustering simulated annealing)皆为平行化的模拟退火法，前者定义为各个处理器针对各自的起始解进行搜寻，产生各自的搜寻序列，在搜寻过程中处理器不进行任何沟通，各处理器仅针对自身之目前解进行搜寻；而后者定义为让所有处理器针对同一目前解进行运算搜寻各自的可能解，并各自决定其产出解之接受机率，最后根据事先决定之规则进行沟通比较，挑选其中一个可接受解取代目前解。

Leger, technology marketing manager for Intel's Embedded and Communications Group.

Leger表示：英特尔已经为嵌入式系统以及通信市场提供了两年多的多核心处理器解决方案，而我们的客户都采用了我们的多核处理器架构。

The ARM11MP technology has 10 licensees and the first chips are coming to market this quarter, he said.

分析原因就在于，家电产品其实需要用到多核处理器的产品不多，在应用最多的影音产品方面，大部分厂商都采用专用的硬件译码电路或者是DSP来进行编译码，直接采用多核处理器的效益不明显。

According to the function of distributed emulator, optical information processing and image multi-object tracking system, the following three aspects were emphasized in this dissertation. Firstly, a vast virtual terrain, ground radar models and canyons were created for the distributed emulator with modeling software Creator. The radars were driven to scan during emulating and the real time terrain code was sent to Radar module. Secondly, an optics channel simulating the optics camera of a virtual aircraft was implemented with simulating software Vega. The 2-D information got from the channel was translated and sent to multi-sensor information fusion system as an optics information source. Thirdly, the dissertation studied some motion estimation methods and analyzed the factors which influence the speed and the precision of the block matching algorithms. Then an improved block matching method was proposed for image multi-object tracking system and applied in the system combined with frame difference method.

论文根据多传感信息融合实验系统中的分布式飞行仿真系统、光学信号处理器和图像多目标跟踪系统三个子系统的功能要求，具体完成了以下三方面的工作：首先利用建模软件Creator创建分布式飞行仿真系统中的大面积地形、场景中的地面雷达模型和峡谷地形，并在仿真过程中实时驱动雷达模型的扫描，同时为后续雷达仿真模块提供实时地形编码；其次利用仿真软件Vega，在分布式仿真系统中为光学信号处理器设计实现了光学通道，模拟飞行器的光学摄像机的功能，并且对由此通道获得的目标二维光学信息进行转化处理，作为光学信息源发送给后续的多传感信息融合器；最后针对图像多目标跟踪系统，在研究图像分割运动估计算法的基础上，通过分析影响块匹配算法速度和精度的因素，改进了块匹配运动估计算法，结合差分法可应用到目标跟踪系统中。

Uniprocessor designs have built-in bottlenecks.the address and data buses restrict data transfers to a one-at-a-time flow of traffic.the program counter forces instructions to be run in strict sequence.even if improvements in performance are achieved by means of faster processors and more instruction parallelism,operations are still run in strict sequence.however,in a uniprocessor,an increase in processor speed is not the total answer because other factors,such as the system bus and memory,come into play.

单处理器设计有内置的一些瓶颈。地址和数据总线限制数据传输的同时同地址的数据冲突情况。即使是通过更快的处理器和更多的并行指令，当然也包括维护，这些方式来提高的性能，程序的运行仍然被限制在严格的程式规则中。然而，在一个单处理器里，处理器速度的提高时不能完全解决这个问题的，这是因为像系统总线和存储器等其他因素同样在起作用。

Multiprocessors can save money by not duplicating power supplies, housings, and peripherals.

多处理器能节省钱被不复制电源，住屋和周边。

Then,we give some description about the working principle,organization,function of router-cache and where it should be. We also gave out a cache coherence protocol for multiprocessors systems with router-caches.

本文接着描述了路由器cache的工作原理，对其的组织、在系统中的位置、应有的功能等方面进行了讨论，并设计了含有路由器cache的多处理器系统的cache一致性协议。

Broadcast and directory protocols Examples: multiprocessors, distributed shared memory, distributed file systems

广播与目录协议范例：多处理器，分布式共享内存，分布式文件系统。

Bull;The FreeBSD USB subsystem has been reimplemented to support modern devices and better SMP scalability.

FreeBSD USB子系统重写，以支持更新的设备，以及更好的多处理器缩放。

The FreeBSD USB subsystem has been reimplemented to support modern devices and better SMP scalability.

FreeBSD USB子系统重写，以支持更新的设备，以及更好的多处理器缩放。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。