多型现象

While doing the RFLP tagging of giant embryogene,the genome changebetween mutants and its original parent,the relationship between RFLP andheteroses in indica,japonica and intermediate rice,the performance of multipleand null allelism in rice varieties,the utilization of null allelic RFLP probes inidentifying indica and japonica rice specifically,the distribution of the nullallelic RFLP probe RG684 in rice cultivars,and the segregations of RFLPmakers in indica/japonica F2 population were also studied.

本实验从经典遗传、分子遗传、育种潜力评估、育种新品系选育等领域，对巨大胚、甜胚乳、暗胚乳三种新型突变体进行了全面系统研究。在对巨大胚进行分子定位过程中，对涉及到的突变体与原始亲本基因组变化，籼、粳、中间型材料的RFLP多态性与杂种优势之间关系，水稻品种的复等位、零等位表现，鉴定籼、粳特异性的零等位RFLP标记，零等位标记RG684在稻种中分布，RFLP标记在籼粳交F2群体中分离等遗传现象也一并进行了分析。

Nigra, B. oleracea and B. carinata belonged to class 2A according to the classification of karyotypes by Stebbins (1971). According to Levitzky's and Stebbin's view, the more asymmetric karyotype a species has, the more evolved it is. Therefore, B. campestris is the furthest evolved species among the elementary species, and B. juncea and B. napus the furthest among the amphidiploid species. Compared with the previous reports, there is no any cytoplasm in the chromosome sample prepared using this protocol which is very useful for the karyotype analysis, as well as the FISH research on Brassica species.

对上述研究结果分析表明：（1）芸薹属复合种是由基本种相互杂交而成；（2）B基因组与A或与C基因组亲缘关系较远，而A和C基因组亲缘关系较近；（3）芸薹属复合种在演化过程中，发生了染色体结构上的重排现象；（4）芸薹属复合种演化过程中，rRNA基因位点发生了减少；所获结果与国外同类报道相比表明：国内的白菜型油菜存在新的rRNA基因位点，即rRNA基因在芸薹属同一物种不同的品种间具有多态性；有关这类研究国内尚未见报道。

Results: The concentrations of sIL-2R, IL-6 and ET in serum in asthma group were higher than that in control group (P.01), Manifestation of the lung tissue under electron microscope: the lung organism of the animal was infiltrated lamellarly by eosinophile granulocyte in the model set.

结果：模型组血浆中sIL-2R、IL-6和ET的含量与正常对照组比较明显增高(P.01)，肺组织光镜和电镜下观察显示：模型组动物的肺组织可见嗜酸性粒细胞片状浸润，Ⅱ型细胞部分线粒体脊突消失、膨胀，板层小体减少，有较多排空现象。

We experimentally demonstrated that this multi-coupling could cause multi-window EIT in a cascade system.

在冷原子级联型系统中实验观察到了激光场交叉耦合导致的多窗口电磁诱导透明现象。

Results showed that the PMC meiosis of autotetraploid was similar to the diploid except some particularities. In metaphase Ⅰ, multivalent, quadrivalent, trivalent, bivalent and univalent were observed and some of the chromosomes were found not to rank on the metaphase plate and so did in metaphase Ⅱ cells. In anaphase Ⅰ and anaphase Ⅱ cells, there were lagging chromosomes, chromosome bridge and fragment. During anaphase Ⅱ and telophase Ⅱ, chromosome segregation was not synchronous or equal. At tetrad stage, dyad, triad, tetrad with micronucleus and polyad appeared.

结果表明，同源四倍体花粉母细胞减数分裂过程与二倍体相比，中期Ⅰ染色体构型复杂，有多价体、四价体、三价体、二价体和单价体；中期Ⅰ及中期Ⅱ有部分染色体没有排列在赤道板上；后期Ⅰ及后期Ⅱ出现落后染色体、染色体桥及断片；后期Ⅱ和末期Ⅱ有染色体不同步分离及不等分裂的现象；四分体时期还出现二分体、三分体、含微核的异常四分体及多分体。

Studies on basic working principles and designs of fiber lasersThe basic working principles as well as the major characteristics of laser and fiber lasers are firstly reviewed,including the interaction between light and matter, the laser oscillation conditions and the spectrum distribution,the gain characteristic and spatial hole burning effect,the influence of external environment on the stability of laser output and the actual limits of fiber laser bandwidth;The designs of bidirectional single-mode Er-doped fiber ring laser and multi-wavelength laser is then discussed,respectively;The characteristics of dynamic grating reflection spectrum of the fiber saturable absorber is systematically analyzed.?

在激光型光纤传感器的设计、实验现象的理论解释等方面做了如下的研究工作：光纤激光器的基本原理与设计方案概述了激光和光纤激光器的基本原理，包括光与物质的相互作用，激光振荡的条件及频谱分布等激光产生的基本原理：掺铒光纤的增益性质，空间烧孔效应和外界扰动对激光输出稳定性的影响，光纤激光器的实际极限带宽等光纤激光器的相关知识；分别讨论了双向单纵模环形腔激光器和多波长激光器的设计方案；系统地分析了掺杂光纤饱和吸收体中形成的动态光栅的反射谱特性。

The extent of vesiculation was reversible along the time course .the mortality was low even under the constant presence of PCE for six days. At the end of the experiments ,the formerly vesicular cytoplasm was replaced with well-developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum ,a cytoskeletal system ,and numerous regeneration organelles .

取而代之的则是产生大规模的自我吞噬及发泡反应的现象﹐培养到第六天时﹐不但发泡反应几乎完全消失﹐细胞质中更且充斥了极发达的胞器﹐尤其是数量极多的平滑内质网﹐细胞骨架系统﹐以及不同型态之再生性胞器﹐另外在整个为时六天的PCE处理下的细胞之共同特徵是难以计数的胞饮小泡﹐表示细胞非常活跃地进行著物质交换。

All the complex series based on 4',4''-dicarboxy-1,6-diphenoxyhex- ane (C6-2COOH) and 4',4''-dicarboxy-1,10-diphenoxydecane (C10-2COOH) possessed higher melting and clearing points, usually showed soft crystal or crystalline smectic phases and crystal polymorphs except C10-2COOH/ p -PhBPy complex displaying also an enantiotropic nematic phase, while the complexes based on 4,4'-dicarboxy-α,ω-diphenoxy tetraethyleneglycol ether (C8O4-2COOH) with a longer flexible spacer exhibited monotropic fluidic smectic SmA and/or nematic phases.

研究表明，分别具有较短的6或10个亚甲基的烷烃间隔基的双苯甲酸衍生物4'，4''-二羧酸-1，6-二酚氧基己烷(C6-2COOH)和4'，4''-二羧酸-1，10-二酚氧基癸烷(C10-2COOH)的系列复合物具有较高的熔点和清亮点，一般都只出现结晶近晶相和多晶型转变现象。

The following exciting results are derived: 1 When considering the influence of some nonlinear elements such as hard-limit of exciters, the effects of some devices such as Power System Stabilizer, Unified Power Flow Controller and Static Var Compensator as well as using real parameter values of power systems in simulation , the SNB surface and the HB surface on the boundary of small signal stability region will turn close to each other and even coalesce together; 2 Under some conditions, coupling between slow exciters and shunt capacitors will bring negative damping in power system dynamics, which increases the possibility of oscillatory instability, so that a power system with mass shunt compensators is easily subjected to the oscillatory instability.

同时发现：1 系统中的慢速励磁，在某些情况下会与并联补偿电容器组产生负阻尼现象而显著降低系统的动态性能，大大增加系统出现振荡失稳的可能性；2 在采用较多并联电容器组补偿的电力系统中，更容易出现振荡型失稳。

The explanation usually advanced for this is that macho men will provide the sperm needed to make sexy sons, but the more feminised phenotype makes a better carer and provider—in other words an ideal husband.

对此类现象的解释多为传统的壮男们可以提供生产优秀后代的精子，但是女性特征的表型带来一位更好的照料者和供给者——换句话说一位理想的丈夫。

Recall that, in the Kolmogorov axiomatization, measurable sets are the sets which have a probability or, in other words, the sets corresponding to yes/no questions that have a probabilistic answer.

延期开工的Kolmogorov宣布要衡量所有套职能有限许多坐标限制在于衡量子寅。换句话说，如果是/否的问题回答f可看的价值观念在许多最有限坐标，然后它有一个概率的答案。

The experimental results showed that the algorithm can filter singular points and remain fixity of the target edge.

实验表明：基于模糊理论的图像智能滤波方法比常规图像滤波方法运算量小，它既能去除奇异点，又能保持图像中目标的边缘不变性，具有很好的滤波效果。