多化的

For the synthesis of NHC precursors, there are also several routes: condensation of glyoxal, amines and paraformaldehyde; alkylation of imidazole or monosubstituted imidazole with alkyl halide; annulation of ortho esters and 1,2-diamines; ring closure of hydrazines or amides with acetic anhydride; reduction of thiones with Na/K in THF.

关于N-杂环卡宾前体的合成途径主要有：乙二醛、伯胺和多聚甲醛的缩合反应；卤代烷与咪唑及其取代咪唑的烷基化反应；原甲酸酯与1，2-二胺的成环反应；肼或酰胺与酸酐的环化反应；用Na/K对环硫脲化合物的还原反应。

OBJECTIVE To design and develop a clinical pharmacokinetics and individual drug dosage regimens system CPKDP program for estimating individual pharmacokinetic parameters and optimizing individualizing dosage regimens using routine clinical data of plasma levels. METHODS According to the principle of population pharmacokinetics and Bayes" formula, CPKDP program was written with FOXPRO 2.6 and BORLAND C++ 3.1, and was run on 486 microcomputer with UCDOS 5.0. RESULTS CPKDP program was adapted for drugs with different characteristics of pharmacokinetics, and for single dose or multiple dose administration. Using 1 or 2 measured drug concentrations, individual patient"s pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated based on population-average pharm-acokinetic parameters. CONCLUSION CPKDP program is applied for estimating pharmacokinetic parameters and optimizing drug therapy in individual patients.

目的为利用临床常规监测的血药浓度数据估算病人的个体药动学参数，优化给药方案，设计、研制了临床药动学给药个体化系统CPKDP程序方法依据群体药动学原理及Bayes公式，CPKDP程序用FOXPRO 2.6和BORLAND C++ 3.1开发，在希望汉字系统UCDOS 5.0平台上运行结果CPKDP程序适用于具有不同药动学特征的多种药物，适用于不同给药途径的单剂量或多剂量给药在群体药动学参数的基础上，结合病人个体特征，以1，2个血药浓度作为反馈，即可拟合估算个体药动学参数，优化给药方案结论经初步应用，CPKDP程序是应用Bayes反馈法开展临床个体化给药工作非常实用的工具

EGCG was reported to inhibit leukocyte migration in response to chemokines such as IL-8, CINC and MIP-2, to trap reactive oxygen species, to inhibit neutrophil degranulation and inhibit inflammatory mediator release.

EGCG的抗炎作用涉及多个环节，包括抑制趋化因子如白介素-8(IL-8、细胞因子诱导的中性粒细胞趋化因子-1(CINC-1)、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-2(MIP-2)等诱导的白细胞的定向迁移、清除氧自由基、抑制嗜中性粒细胞脱颗粒及炎性介质的释放等。

This paper is focused on the preparation, characterization of metal clusters and theircatalytic performance in the enantioselective as well as stereoselective hydrogenations. It iscomposed of the five parts as follows: Chapter 1 A review was given on the two most studied enantioselective systems—Ni/TA and Pt/cinchona system, including some recent progress.

本论文研究了铂、铱纳米金属簇在α-酮酯、α-二酮不对称氢化中的催化性能及金属离子在α-二酮立体选择性氢化中的修饰作用，主要分为以下几部分：第一章对多相不对称催化体系一Ni／TA和Pt／cinchona及其一些最新进展作了较系统的评述；同时简要介绍了纳米金属簇的特性及其在催化中的一些应用。

With continuously penetration of reform and opening, especially acceding into the WTO, speeded up the blending and ruing between the Chinese and Western culture. And with the popularization and swift development of electric network, it is wider in range and more convenient for university students to receive different culture ideas. And also causes the west political system, values, culture idea along with the life style such as economic denationalization, political multi-partyization, rights of human sympathyization and community pluralityization and so on become the university students public topics.

随着我国改革开放的不断深入，尤其是加入世贸组织，加快了中西文化间的交融与碰撞，再加上网络的普及和迅速发展，使大学生接受各种思想文化的途径更加宽泛、便捷，也使经济私有化、政治多党化、人权人道化、社会多元化等西方的政治制度、价值观念、文化思想以及生活方式成为大学生舆论关注的对象。

A larger error often occurs in measured results by multi-specimen J-R curve method because of the difficulty in determining the blunting line equation. On the basis of considering the effect of loading rate on plastic-flow stress, a new blunting line equation in dynamic loading has been obtained: J=2NK0.5(subscript εFΔa.

针对多试样J-R阻力曲线法因钝化线的不易确定性常造成测试结果J误差较大的情况，考虑了加载速率对塑性流变应力的影响，给出了一新的动载条件下的钝化线方程：J=2NK0.5

It was also found that at experimental concentrations there was no regularity for the change of activity of copper salicylate encapsulated in negatively charged liposomes, and copper salicylate encapsulated in liposomes with more negative charges could promote the dismutation of superoxide anion free radicals, however, so could copper salicylate encapsulated in liposomes with fewer negative charges only in lower concentrations.

并发现在实验浓度范围内，负电性脂质体包裹的水杨酸铜，活性变化无规则，且荷负电量多的脂质体包裹的水杨酸铜促进超氧自由基的歧化，而荷负电量少的脂质体仅在低浓度区对超氧的歧化表现为促进作用。

The structure of sulfonated polys from DB is similar to that of sulfonated poly(arylene thioether phosphine oxide)s from TB. The latter could be regarded as the"product"of the former provided that the ether unit of the former was replaced by the thioether unit. The studies illustrated that the latter exhibited much better oxidative stability than the former. This is due to the fact that the thioether unit of the former was oxidized into the sulfone or sulfoxide unit in Fenton reagent, which inactivated the adjacent benzene rings and thus retarded the degradation reaction.

从结构上看，后者可以看成是前者的醚基团被硫醚基团取代后的&产物&，其耐氧化性能比前者好得多，这是因为后者的硫醚基团在Fenton试剂中被氧化成为砜或亚砜基团，而砜或亚砜基是钝化基团，钝化了与之相连的苯环，阻碍了降解反应。

The small twin screw extrusion press improvement should develop more suitable dies and upgrade processing stability.

该机需要改进的地方，一是还要多开发几个适用于全膨化和半膨化加工的模头；二是要提高设备的加工稳定性。

Handle. Creating our object initialises COM, so that COM remains initialised until our object is no more, creates

把柄。我们创建的COM对象的初始化，使保持的COM对象初始化直到我们没有更多，创造

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。