多值性

The main factors affecting the soil-structure interface behaviors were found experimentally and theoretically, including: 1 the thickness of the interface that is five to six times the average grain size of the soil; 2 the aeolotropy of interface, which is responsible for anisotropic response of the stress-strain response of the interface; 3 two physical states, including crashing and compression of the soil near the structure surface, which govern the stress-strain response of the interface strongly; 4 two shear deformation components due to sliding and constraint of the structure surface relative to the soil respectively, which forms the deformation of the interface; 5 the volumetric strain due to dilatancy, which is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. 4. A unified constitutive model of the interface, based on new elasto-plasticity damage theory, was developed. It was confirmed to be effective for the conditions considering monotonic and cyclic shearing, coupling effect of shear and volumetric strains, evolution of physical state, micro-structure aeolotropy of the soil and the resulting aeolotropy of the interface as well as the three normal boundary conditions stated above. 5. 2D and 3D finite element formulations of the present model were derived and incorporated into the FEM codes. They were applied to the evaluation of practical engineering problems with different typical interfaces between soil and structure. The new model was shown to be reasonable and effective.

确定了粗粒土与结构接触面厚度约为5～6倍的平均粒径，首次揭示了接触面的细观结构异向性以及由此所引起的宏观剪切异向性，发现了在单调和往返剪切荷载作用下土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化机制共同支配着接触面力学性质的变化，通过细观分析证实了接触面的变形可分解为一般同时发生的土与结构交界面上的滑移变形以及结构面位移约束范围之内土体本身的剪切变形两部分，观测到接触面受剪时表现出明显的相对法向位移，并可分解为可逆性和不可逆性两个分量；(4)建立了第一个能够统一地描述单调与往返剪切特性、剪应变与体应变耦合特性、细观结构和宏观剪切异向性以及土颗粒破碎等物态变化特性的土与结构接触面弹塑性损伤本构数学模型，并采用多种法向边界条件复杂加载路径的试验成果验证了新模型的合理性和有效性；(5)提出了新模型的二、三维有限元格式并结合实际边值问题进行了应用计算分析，比较了不同接触面本构模型对计算结果的影响，证实了新模型及其有限元格式不仅能够合理地描述土与结构接触面的主要力学特性，还能够较好地反映土体与结构物在接触面处的滑移、脱开等不连续现象。

The existence of solutions for multi-point boundary value problem with p-Laplacian operator is investigated by using monotone iterative method, h is proved that boundary value problem has at least one positive solution under suitable conditions.

研究带p-Laplace算子的非线性微分方程的多点边值问题解的存在性，应用单调迭代，给出了这类边值问题存在解的充分条件，还给出了向正解靠近的单调集。

This contour phase correlation method is superior to the conventional phase correlation in two aspects. Firstly, the contours of images are extracted, and the phase correlation is applied to the contours of images instead of the whole original images, which is more efficient and robust. Secondly, when there are multiple peak values approximate to the maximum peak value in the δ function array, the corresponding translations can be regarded as candidate translations and calculated separately, and the best translation should be determined by the optimization of conformability of two images in the overlapping area.

本轮廓相位相关算法对常规的相位相关算法作了两点改进：(1)提取出图像的轮廓，只对二值化的轮廓图像进行相位相关计算，效率和鲁棒性提高；(2)当相位相关的δ函数阵列中存在多个和最大峰值比较接近的峰值时，将其对应的平移量都作为候选平移量，然后根据重叠区图像的一致性选取其中的最佳值。

Owing to the monotonic mapping of fuzzy structured element established the homeomorphic property between fuzzy number space and the family of standard bounded monotone function, so, we can transform the study of any properties in fuzzy number space to the corresponding one in the family of standard bounded monotone function, e.g.

本项目针对矿井下采空区岩石陷落形成的多孔隙介质空间的极度不规则性，建立一种以模糊值函数分析学为基础的、更接近于刻划采空区内气体流动实际状况的模糊微分方程及各种边值问题，进而得出解算复杂采场气体模糊渗流问题的数学方法。

In [3], Professor Wang Xian-dong discussed the evaluation modules of Loop algebras of Lie algebras with a triangular decomposition; particularly, irreducibility of the tensor product of finitely many such modules was partially determined.

在[3]中，王宪栋教授讨论了可三角分解李代数其Loop代数的赋值模；特别值得一提的是，在一定程度上确定了有限多个赋值模其张量积的不可约性。

Firstly, several kinds of schemes were proposed according to the design demand. The best scheme was chosen after analyzing and comparing the schemes. The robot's structure was designed with Pro/Engineer and AutoCAD software. Secondly, the kinematics analysis conducted, coordinate transformation matrix using D-H method was set up, and the kinematics equation direct solution and inverse solution was deduced. The manipulative interface about the kinematics equation direct solution and inverse solution was completed with VC++ and the velocity Jacobian of displacement matrix was constructed using differential transform method. In the process of the trajectory planning based on robot's kinematics analysis, I propone a method by which we can get middle nodal point with normalizing factor in order to simplify our searching for these middle nodal points. In addition, I give these middle nodal points with actual physics signification. For eliminating contradiction between real-time and accuracy, I bring forward separately limit of error and reversal interpolation method. For decreasing calculation quantity, we resort to tri-spline interpolation in the articulation space.We analyse the work range of the robot by resorting to graphic means.

首先，作者针对机器人的设计要求提出了多个方案，对其进行分析比较后，选择其中最优的方案后用Pro/Engineer和AutoCAD软件进行了机器人模型结构设计；其次，进行了运动学分析，用D-H方法建立了坐标变换矩阵，推算了运动方程的正、逆解，运用VC++制作了正、逆运动学求解的求解界面；并且用微分变换法推导了速度雅可比矩阵；在基于机器人的运动学的轨迹规划中，通过在操作空间的规划，提出了归一化因子来求解中间结点，通过它可以使求解中间结点变得更简单，并且赋予这些中间结点实际的物理含义，对于规划中精确性和实时性的矛盾，提出了以误差极限法和反向插值法来解决的方法；为了减少规划过程中计算量，在关节空间进行三次样条插值；然后借助图解法进行工作空间分析，作出了实际工作空间的轴剖图。

It was found that the binaphthyl backbone of S configuration was matched to the S, S pyrrolidino group. In this case, the asymmetric allylation product could be obtained in 85. 6% ee.

轴手性是S构型时，和中心手性S，S构型相匹配，它和钯形成的络合物在催化烯丙基取代反应时，取得了比不含中心手性因素的吡咯烷基氮膦配体高得多的对映选择性，可以得到85.6％ee值的产物。

The quantitive value of DNA was 1.82% and 1.92% respectively in nonembryonic cells and the embryonic; during bicellular stage, quadracellular stage and multicellular stage, content of DNA increase slowly, and reach the peak at pear-shap ed embryonic stage keep high level at mature embryonic stage.

非胚性细胞与胚性细胞期的量化值分别为1.82%和1.91%；在二细胞胚、四细胞胚、多细胞胚时期DNA缓慢增长，随着胚性愈伤组织的发育，DNA的含量在梨形胚时期达到高峰；成熟胚的DNA含量虽有所下降，但仍维持较高水平。

The quantitive value of DNA was 1.82%and 1.92%respectively in nonembryonic cells and the embryonic; during bicellular stage, quadracellular stage and multicellular stage, content of DNA increase slowly, and reach the peak at pear-shaped embryonic stage keep high level at mature embryonic stage.

非胚性细胞与胚性细胞期的量化值分别为1.82%和1.91%；在二细胞胚、四细胞胚、多细胞胚时期DNA缓慢增长，随着胚性愈伤组织的发育，DNA的含量在梨形胚时期达到高峰；成熟胚的DNA含量虽有所下降，但仍维持较高水平。

The accuracy was verified by determinationof WHO international standard haemiglobincyanide.The preparation of candidate haemiglobincyanide reference material was mainlyreferred to ICSH document. Then the candidate haemiglobincyanide referencematerial was certificated according to ISO Guide 35, including homogeneity study,stability study and Characterization.

参考ICSH国际标准物质的制备方法制备HiCN候选标准物质300瓶；按照ISO Guide35的要求评价候选标准物质的均匀性、稳定性，在均匀性、稳定性合乎要求的前提下由多个实验室使用多台经过严格校准的仪器为HiCN候选标准物质定值。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐