外腔的

The results showed:(1) the cellule morphous and the disposition in chick embryo of PGCs were coincident no matter stained by PAS or HE staining, and HE staining could disclose the morphologic characteristics more clearly, exactly and completely;(2) genesis of blood island could be observed at the boundary of light and dark region of the extraembryonic blastoderm at about 26 hours;(3) both the blood vessel endothelium cells and free cells of the blood island were differentiated from PGCs. The generating of genuine yolk sac was at about 44-48 hours.

结果表明：①用经典的识别原生殖细胞的PAS染色方法与HE染色所观察到的PGC在鸡胚的分布及细胞形态基本一致，而HE染色较PAS法能更有助于清晰、完整、准确地识别PGC的细胞内部结构特征；②在孵化26小时的鸡胚胚外胚盘的明暗交界处可见血岛的发生，血岛发生的时间比真正的卵黄囊产生时间（大约44-48小时）要早很多；③血岛周围的血管内皮细胞与管腔中游离细胞都来自PGC。

Methods:32 patients of TCPC were reviewed: the average age was 10 years,ranged from 5 to 24 years and the average weight was 28 kilogramme,ranged from 13 to 55 kilogramme.18 patients underwent lateral tunnel and 1 patient underwent extracardiac conduit TCPC with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and heart arrest,and 10 patients were treated by extracardiac conduit technique with normothermic CPB and without heart arrest and 2 patients without CPB,and 1 patients underwent two-step operation.

回顾性分析32例全腔静脉肺动脉连接术患者的临床资料：年龄5～24岁，平均（10±5）岁，体重13～55 kg，平均（28±11） kg，病种包括单心室16例，右心室双出口并完全性心内膜垫缺损6例，完全性大动脉转位并完全性心内膜垫缺损3例，三尖瓣闭锁6例，二尖瓣闭锁1例。其中，在低温体外循环心脏停跳下18例行右房内侧隧道法，1例行心外管道法，常温体外循环心脏跳动下10例行心外管道法，非体外循环下2例行心外管道法，1例行分次全腔静脉肺动脉连接术。

B Of the six basic media MS, MS1/2 (half-strength of MS salts and vitamins), WPM, DKW, B5 and SH, MS1/2 was the most proper one to induce somatic embryos. Somatic embryos generally regenerated directly from excised zygotic cotyledons. PGRs combination affected somatic embryogenesis significantly. Medium with NAA 1mg/L, TDZ 0.05mg/L, IBA 2—10mg/L combined with BA 10mg/L, or IBA 10mg/L integrated with BA 0-2mg/L gave the highest induction rate. Excised zygotic hypocotyls had the strongest potential to produce callus. Callus induction was also affected significantly by media and PGRs. The proper callus induction condition was MS1/2 medium containing NAA 1mg/L, IBA 10mg/L, BA 2-5mg/L and TDZ 0.05mg/L. Harvest period affect somatic embryogenesis significantly. Zygotic embryo explants collected from the end of July to the middle of August had strong potential to generate somatic embryos, when endosperm finished solidification, different parts of the embryos were completely formed, the size of embryos occupied about 2/3 of the embryo sac. Provided with optimized conditions, direct somatic embryogenesis rate can attain to 33. 68%, and callus induction rate of hypocotyls was up to 90.7%. Cytological observation on megasporogenesis and zygotic embryogenesis of Manchurian ash showed that the ovary was twicarpellum, twilocular with two ovules each loculus. The ovule was tenuinucellar and anatropous, with one megasporcocyte. The development of embryo sac is of the Polygoum type.

体细胞胚胎发生研究的结果表明：(1)成熟过程中的合子胚是诱导水曲柳体细胞胚胎发生的最佳外植体材料；(2)在所试验到的MS、MS1/2（将MS的所有成分均减半）、WPM、DKW、B〓、SH等六种基本培养基中，MS1/2是最适合诱导水曲柳体细胞胚胎发生的基本培养基；(3)水曲柳的体细胞胚胎发生以直接发生为主，体细胞胚主要来自于从合子胚分离的完整子叶；(4)培养基中的激素组合对水曲柳的体细胞胚胎发生有显著影响，诱导直接体细胞胚发生较好的激素组合有NAA 1mg/L+IBA 2，5，10mg/L+BA 10mg/L+TDZ 0.05mg/L和NAA 1mg/L+IBA 10mg/L+BA 0，2mg/L+TDZ 0.05mg/L；(5)合子胚分离的下胚轴具有最强的愈伤组织诱导潜力，少数愈伤组织可以分化出体细胞胚；(6)愈伤组织的诱导也受培养基和激素配比的显著影响，最适宜诱导的培养条件为MS1/2+NAA 1mg/L+IBA 10mg/L+BA 2，5mg/L+TDZ0.05mg/L；(7)采种时间对体细胞胚胎发生有显著影响。7月末到8月中旬的合子胚具有较强的体细胞胚发生潜力，此时种子尚未成熟，胚乳已呈固态，种胚的各个部分已分化完全，种胚体积占胚腔的大约2/3；(8)在各自综合的最适条件下，完整子叶的体细胞胚诱导率可达33.68%，下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导率可达90.7%。

Results In all these cases, there are 83 cases origin from mucous membrane which include inflammation, tumor and anabrosis; 24 cases origin below mucous membrane which include interstitialoma, lymphoma and scleroderma;38 cases mainly changed in the shape, structure and position of organs which include hiatus hernia, Oblique inguinal hernia, diverticulum, malrotation of intestine and megacolon; 29 cases mainly changed in the power and function of organs which include functional disorder of esophagus, mesentery-compressed syndrome funtional disorder of small intestine and irritable colon; 17 cases' performance caused by the factor outside intestinal canal which include mesentery shift, stomach shift and small intestine shift, and other cases which include fistula between esophagus and mediastinum, rectovaginal fistula, foreign body in esophagus and small intestine ascariasis.

结果：197例患者中，源于黏膜的病变83例，源于黏膜下的病变24例（包括间质瘤、淋巴瘤、硬皮病），以器官形态、结构、位置改变为主的病变38例（包括食管裂孔疝、腹股沟斜疝、憩室、肠旋转不良、巨结肠），以器官动力、功能改变为主的病变29例（包括食管功能紊乱、肠系膜压迫综合征、小肠功能紊乱、结肠过敏），因管腔外因素的影响而引起的改变17例（包括食管移位、胃移位、小肠移位），其他病变6例（包括食管纵隔瘘、直肠阴道瘘、食管异物、小肠蛔虫症）。

Result: the clinical therapeutic effectof experimental group, was more significant than control group who only underwent external radiation or afterloading intracavitary radiotherapy ,and the adverse reaction of control group exe; the radiation proctitis was more significant than experimental group; compare,58 cases in the experimental group complete the radiotherapy successfully.

结果：58例直肠癌病人采用外照射加后装腔内放疗的治疗效果优于单纯外照射或后装腔内放疗，其临床不良反应，特别是放射性直肠炎，较单纯外照射明显。实验组通过中药保留灌肠清洁肠道、温水坐浴等整体护理，不良反应较未采用整体护理的对照组明显减少， 58例病人均能按计划完成放射治疗。

The sac structure projected through the pollen aperture possesses the typical nature of transfer cell, i. e complex lybrinthian wall ingrowth and abundant mitochondria, RER, dicotysomes and ribosomes under the wall. Its outer surface is closely related to the tapetal protoplast. The accumulation of storaged material in pollen start at the area near the apertures. Above restults indicate the pollen apertures may be the"door"from where nutrition flows into pollen in P. hortorum.

绒毡层物质向花粉粒的短途运输明显的表现在花粉的萌发孔区，一方面形成向外突起的囊腔，另一方面在这里具有发达的壁迷宫，而且迷宫下具丰富的线粒体，RER和高尔基体等细胞器，此外花粉内贮藏物的大量积累首先从萌发孔附近开始以及萌发孔处与绒毡层有紧密接触都说明天竺葵花粉萌发孔可能是物质进入花粉的&门户&。

Not only the permeability of the rock salt body, the convergence of the cavity and the stability of jambs must be considered , but also the heterogeneity of the interlayers must be full considered, like the permeability of interlayers and layers , the difference of interlayers .

不仅要考虑岩盐矿体的渗透性、溶腔的蠕变收敛性、矿柱的稳定性外，还要充分考虑夹层的不均质性，如夹层及层理的渗透性，夹层和盐层蠕变的差异性。层状岩盐矿床中建造油气储库是一个相当复杂而且涉及很多学科的深部岩土工程。

objective:to explore the effects of out cavity single slip knot technique in non titanium clip two hole method laparoscopic cholecystectomy.methods:to analyzed the clinical data of 62 patients underwent two hole method lc with out cavity single slip knot technique.results:all the operations were finished successfully without conversion.the mean operation time and hospitalization were 55 min and 4d respectively.conclusions:the two hole lc with out cavity single slip knot technique has the advantage of firm and reliable ligation,low operation expense,non titanium clip stay in the body,and avoiding of bile leakage due to titanium clip falling off.

目的：探讨腔外单滑结技术在无钛夹二孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的效果。方法：应用腔外单滑结技术行二孔法lc 62例。结果：患者均行lc，无中转开腹，手术平均时间55min，平均住院4d。结论：无钛夹腔外单滑结法lc具有结扎可靠，手术费用低，并可消除因钛夹留置体内或夹闭不全造成脱落、胆漏等其他并发症。

The external diameter of a quartz liner is determined to be 36-46mm, the inner diameter to be 32-40mm and the length of the liner to be 1.45-1.85m for the process of PCVD. Parameters of a processing technology are that the high frequency power of a microwave resonator is controlled to be 6KW-15KW and the deposition temperature is 1080-1130 degree Celsius. The variety of mixed air flowing through the liner includes silicon tetrachloride vapor, germanium tetrachloride vapor, high-purity oxygen and Freon. The inside pressure of the liner is 10-15millibar. The air flow rate inside the liner is

取石英衬管的外径为36～46毫米、内径32～40毫米，衬管长度1.45～1.85米，进行PCVD加工；加工工艺的参数为：微波谐振腔的高频功率控制在6KW～15KW，沉积温度1080℃～1130℃，流经衬管管内混合气体的种类：四氯化硅蒸气、四氯化锗蒸气、高纯氧气、氟里昂，衬管的管内压力为10-15毫巴，管内气体流速为30-80米/秒，气体体积流量为4400SCCM-8800SCCM。

Through the analysis of the loss and threshold characteristics of a laser diode, the threshold current density of LD with external feedback is calculated, according to the theory of multi-beam interference and the definition of equivalent reflection factor.

通过对半导体激光器的损耗和阈值电流特性的分析，引入等效反射系数的概念，根据多光束干涉的原理，导出了在外腔反馈作用下LD的阈值电流公式。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。