外者

Results In the 121 patients, 47 patients(39%) were accommodative failure, 66 patients(55%) were lag of accommodation checking with FCC, 53 patients (43.8%) were uncorrected presbyopia, 65 patients (53.7%) were break up time of tear film＜10s, 87 patients (71.8%) couldn't been corrected the refraction errors or the correction of refractive errors was unsatisfied, 24 patients(19.8%) were esophoria, 17 patients (14%) were exophoria, 8 patients (7%) were anisometropia.

结果 121例患者中，调节灵活性明显降低者47例，占39%；FCC检查调节滞后者66例，占55%；未矫正老视者53例，占43.8%；泪膜破裂时间＜10s者65例，占53.7%；屈光矫正不足或未予矫正者87例，占71.8%；内隐斜者24例，占19.8%；外隐斜者17例，占14%；屈光参差者8例，占7%。

ABSTRACT Objective To discuss the importance of the study of conformation and variation of extrahepatic bile duct before gallbladder operationMethods The images of 100 cases having normal structure of gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct were studied;the conformations and confluence sites were analyzedResults Among the 100 cases,97 cases had clear images of extrahepatic bile duct (97%),3 cases with large amount of air bulbs in bile duct because of the laxation of the lower common bile duct still had clear images of the general conformation of extrahepatic bile duct,87 cases had clear images of gallbladder and cystic duct (87%),13 cases (13%) had partial images of gallbladder or cystic ductConclusions ERCP can clearly show out the conformation and variation of extrahepatic bile duct and cystic duct and it is of important value before gallbladder operation

目的 通过对100例胆囊及肝外胆管正常结构尚存在的患者ERCP图像资料进行归纳和分析，探讨胆囊手术术前了解肝外胆道系统形态及变异的重要性。方法选出100例胆囊及肝外胆管正常结构尚存在的患者图像，对其形态、汇合位置进行分析。结果 100例患者图像中肝外胆管显示清晰者97例(97%)，3例因胆总管下端开口松弛导致大量气泡进入胆道，但肝外胆管大体形态显示尚清晰，胆囊及胆囊管显示清晰者87例(87%)，13例(13%)仅部分显示胆囊或胆囊管。结论 ERCP可以清晰显示肝外胆管及胆囊管的形态及变异情况，对于胆囊手术术前了解肝外胆道系统形态及变异有重要价值。 ERCP；胆囊管；肝外胆管

He held the Mariners to one hit through four innings before walking the first two batters in the fifth. The next batter, Kenji Johjima, singled to left, but left fielder Hideki Matsui threw a bullet on a short hop to Posada at home well in time to get Beltre attempting to score from second. Then Jose Lopez grounded into a double play to get Wang out of trouble.

在第5局里保送前两位打者之前，帮主他在前4局中只让水手队打出1安打，在下一位打击者城岛击出左外野的一垒安打，但是左外野松井快速传球一个弹跳后Posada及时触杀Beltre在本垒前，然后Lopez的滚地双杀打使帮主有惊无险得摆脱危机。

This is my view as an outsider.

这是我作为外者的观点。

Results ①The most common lesions were the extragastric compressions caused by spleen, which accounted for 54.74%, followed by the enlarged gallblodder, hepatic cyst and carcinoma in the left lobe, left kidney, pancreatic cystic adenoma and pancreatic cyst.②The diagnostic accurancy of EUS was 100%, which was higher than that of USP.③Most of the lesions, benign or malignant, had normal structure of the gastric wall.④Splenomegaly only accounted for 38.46% in the lesions caused by the compression of spleen, which were slightly to moderately enlarged.⑤The location of the lesion was usually related to the organ which caused the extragastric compression.

结果 ①胃外压性隆起中脾脏压迫最多见，占54.74%，其余为肿大胆囊、肝右叶囊肿、肝左叶癌、左肾、胰腺囊腺瘤和胰腺囊肿；②EUS对胃外压性隆起的诊断正确率达100%，其对外压灶的完全显示率高于微超声探头；③良性胃外压灶及多数恶性肿瘤胃外压灶其所压胃壁结构均正常；④脾脏压胃者中脾肿大仅占38.46%，且均为轻、中度脾肿大；⑤胃隆起部位与外压灶的种类相关联。

Results:(1) The mean BMI of patients except for women aged from 20 to 29 years, was much higher than that of the general population (P.01).(2) The overweight (BMI≥24) ratio of the patients was much higher than that of the general population (P.01).(3) Patients with hypernormal BMI were more than those with normal BMI (BMI4) except for patients aged from 20 to 29 years.(4) Patients with hypernormal BMI were significantly more than those with normal body weight in all other occupations except for young students.

结果：①除了女性20岁～29岁年龄段外，其余各组患者体重指数的均数均明显大于中国普通人群体重指数的均数（P均＜0.01）；②本组患者中男、女性体重指数超常者(BMI≥24)所占的比重，均明显大于中国普通人群中体重指数超常者所占的比重（P均＜0.01）；③除了男、女20岁～29岁年龄段以外，其余各年龄段的患者中体重指数超常者所占的比重，明显大于体重指数正常者(BMI4)所占的比重；④除青年学生外，其他职业中体重指数超常者所占的比重，明显超过体重指数正常者所占的比重。

This paper therefore examines the development of "the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city" through literature review depth-interview oral history and participant observation The concept frame is culture organism as the vertical axle and elements of a folklore activity as the transverse axle There are several significant findings about the general picture of this subject: During the late period of Japanese colonial era Tainan local people who played Peguan music learned Peking opera aria and tried to bring Peking opera aria into the folklore Pai-Chang which was one kind performance and traditional custom of Peguan music Some people who came from other places and played Peking opera aria had also known or learned "Pai-Chang" with touching Tainan local amateurs "Pai-Chang" used to be performed by amateurs for worship of god or goddess or for seasoning and wedding celebration without rewards Amateurs volunteered to perform "Pai-Chang" only for their duty temples and fraternity of Peking opera aria The majority of the audience is people who perform or like "Pai-Chang" or who live nearby There is a fixed pattern of the performance including the repertoire and the arrangement of the band The main meaning of this performace is to pray God's blessings therefore the procedure of "Ban-Hsian" is the most essential and ahead of Peking opera aria singing With time goes by the number of the amateurs has dropped; yet the demand for the worship ceremony remains; hence some of the amateurs have been trained to become professional performers Besides although the idea and the meaning of "Pai-Chang" remains the pattern of the performance has become simplified and rigid which is because of the performers' number decreasing and market adapting Nowadays the whole ecosystem of the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city keep changing which is mainly influenced by the transition of the society(such as the time and space of the industrial and commercial society being compressed and most people's pursuing of specialization and utilitarianism etc ) According to the findings in this paper the phenomenon can be regarded as the subject matter both of Peking opera and folklore studies For the studies of the Taiwanese culture however the subject not only enriches the subject matters of the Taiwanese culture(signifies the localization of Peking opera and a new pattern of Taiwanese folklore) but also reflects the characters of diversification integration adaptation and compromise of Taiwanese culture which used to be influenced by different regimes and the historical contexts Facing such a multicultural context this paper thus suggests researchers should show an open-minded attitude toward the complex of the Taiwanese culture studies and then important phenomenon would not be ignored or misunderstood

代表了什麼意义？对於上述疑惑，查既有研究成果，不消没有论述者，具体提即「京调排场」现象的可说没有，基於此，有必要对台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场，不管是语汇来由或者其现象本身，做一番研究。本研究透过文献、访谈、口述史、参与观察等方法，以文化有机体之纵的发展概念为经，以民俗表演之横切面各主客要素为纬，试图先对此文化现象调查并推论出一概貌：台南市民俗性京调排场的形成，是在京调传入台南，台南本地北管子弟改习或兼习京调后，结合北管音乐文化所固有的排场表演型态及民俗演出传统，融合而成，形成时间至迟在日治晚期。而一些不同时期的外来京调人士(如原本生长於其他地区、后移住台湾的票友，和中国大陆琴师等等)，也曾透过与当地子弟的接触，而习得或知晓「排场」语汇以及本地京调排场习俗者。此项音乐民俗表演在过往多由业余子弟於神诞或民众婚俗做寿时，对其有义务或交陪的庙宇及子弟间做酬酢性的演出，不收报酬；聆赏者多是京调同好与邻近民众，也有少数路过者；演出模式包括节目安排、乐队编制皆有一定；表演意涵上以「扮仙」祈求神明赐福人间最为重要，因此排仙必不可少，且一定先於京调演唱。随著时间推移，京调排场表演活动的各要素都有变动，惟变迁速度不一，大体而言，业余表演者锐减，人们对酬神娱神节目的需求仍在，因此一些过往的业余表演者遂逐渐转型为职业表演者。此外，虽然表演意涵不变，但在职业表演人员少、又要适应市场的情况下，表演模式亦逐渐流於简化、僵化。目前京调排场整体生态仍在转变的过程中，而这种变化应与工商社会时间空间的被压缩、事事追求专业化与尼Q化等因素有关。再者，据此概貌，在结论部分厘清其意义、定位以及其对台湾文化研究之启示。台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场现象，可视为京剧研究与民俗研究的一环，然而对於台湾文化研究，除了其题材本身标志了京剧的本土化与台湾民俗活动之新类型，进一步扩充整体台湾文化研究的内容外，更重要的是现象背后所反映的台湾文化的多元融合与妥协适应取向。台湾的海岛地理位置与长期被不同文化背景政权所殖民的历史，其文化自然容易随社会环境改变而弹性适应变迁，呈现多元纷呈、多重覆叠的特色，因此展望未来，从事台湾文化研究应秉除单一观点，保持一定程度之开放与客观胸襟，方不忽视或误识更多重要的文化现象。

To pay attention to carry out effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation, hemostasis by compression and deep vein intubation rapidly in the initial stage of emergency. The carotid shunt tube plays an important role in severe carotid injury and re-establishment process. We use external jugular vein to transplant and re-establish,which are rung with artificial blood vessels for the long distance carotid injury and achieved the best result. We expose as fully as possible for the hepatic venae and the posthepatic post caval injury,and adopt effective methods to stop bleeding and repair. The application of blood shunt pump could raise the success rate for those severe patients. The self-double vastransplantation with both ends being all trousers-style one opening solve some problems such as there are no suitable caliber self-transplantation blood vessels and the artificial blood vessels are easy to occur obliteration for long-term and so on for the great or middle blood vessels.We use improved Fogarty duct and anterograde intubation to eliminate thrombus could eliminate thrombus effectively and avoid accessory injury for the deep vein injury and extensive thrombosis.

抢救初期要注意进行有效的心肺复苏、压迫止血和快速进行深静脉插管；颈动脉转流管在严重颈动脉损伤重建过程中有重要作用；对长距离颈动脉损伤用颈外静脉移植外环包人造血管重建，可取得最佳效果；对肝静脉及肝后下腔静脉损伤，要充分暴露，采用有效方法止血和修复，对病情极危重的凶险性出血者，血液转流泵的应用可提高成功率；对大、中血管损伤，两端均为裤式单开口自体双血管移植，解决了无适宜口径自体移植血管和应用人造血管远期易闭塞等问题；对深静脉损伤并广泛血栓形成者，应用改进的Fogarty导管和顺行插管取栓法，可有效取栓并避免了副损伤。

Halladay, who struck out three batters while retiring each of the first five Yankees, gave up an opposite-field single by Jason Giambi to give the Yankees their first baserunner. Giambi didn't stay on base for long, as Cano crushed the first pitch he saw over the left-field wall, cutting the Toronto lead to 3-2 with his 12th homer of the season.$ N c7 S1 v, R

解决掉洋基队最初五位打者并送出三次三振的Halladay，随后被Jason Giambi打出左外野相反方向的一垒安打，让洋基队在比赛中第一度有跑者上垒，而Giambi并未在垒包上等候太久，因为Cano把卜看到的第一球送到左外野围墙外，他本季的第12轰将多伦多的领先缩小为3比2。

As these trends converge, diasporas will move even closer to centre stage in the delivery of succour to the needy.

这些趋势集中到一点，在向穷困者发送救援品方面，散居在外者将更接近舞台中心。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。