外生的

The origin of the fund-management stimulating problem is that the standard of rational agent's activities is utility maximum.But, in the reality, the fund investor and the fund administrator are a kind of consignation and there is information asymmetry. The fund investor wants to make the fund administrator act according to the benefits of the former, but the investor can't observe the investment activity of the administrator directly and in time. He can only observe other variables which are decided by the administrator's activity and other outside uncertain factors.

基金激励问题产生的根源在于理性人的行动都以自身效用或利益最大化为标准，但在现实中，基金投资者与基金管理者是一种委托代理关系且两者之间存在着信息不对称，基金投资者想使基金管理人按照前者的利益选择行动，但投资者不能直接及时地观察管理人的投资行动，他能观察到的只是另一些指标变量，这些变量由管理人的行动和其他外生随机因素共同决定。

Large disparities can be found in textbooks' treatments of different neoclassical growth models. Models without technical progress and with exogenous technical progress deliver themselves of dynamic equations of capital per labor and capital per efficient labor, respectively. Models with endogenous technical progress, however, make consistent use of dynamic equations of output-capital ratio.

各类新古典增长模型在现有教科书中的表述形式存在很大的差异：无技术进步和外生技术进步的模型分别使用"劳均资本"和"有效劳均资本"的动态方程，内生技术进步的模型则使用"产出资本比"的动态方程。

Right by the park sign, a sample of the unique desert plants are present:Saguaro, the giant cactusCholla, the thorny plant on the rightCreosote bush, the bush with yellow flowers. It is liternally the oldest plant in the world. The root system will survive and grow outwards once the parent plant dies and eventually it will form a big ring of creosote bush.

在公园标示右边，有画上这种特殊沙漠植物的简图， Saguaro是巨大的仙人掌； Cholla是右边多刺的植物；开黄花的Creosote 灌木，是世界上最古老的植物，一旦母株死亡，根系仍然生存且向外生长成一大环形的Creosote 灌木丛。

A lot of pristine rural areas, outer unripe model the city changes a course in finished its blame quickly farming spend change, but this kind transforms and did not make these village community blend in a city smoothly, in the city evolving below the influence in numerous element however most hard the area that fast city turns, formed what what say now namely " the village in the city ", these dorp were immersed in predicament on the last ring that in its the city turns chain.

许多原来的农村，在外生型的城市化进程中迅速完成了其非农化转变，但是这种转变并没有使这些村落社区顺利融入城市，而是在众多因素的影响下演变成了城市中最难以彻底城市化的区域，即形成了现在所说的"城中村"，这些村落在其城市化链条的最后一环上陷入了困境。

Consisted of single, double vascular bundle, transition types between them, but given priority to double vascular bundle; the epidermal cell consisted of cutin layer; the hypodermis consisted of typical two-layer of parenchyma cells arranged continuously or discontinuously.

云南松针叶的维管束以双维管束为主，同时亦有单维管束以及介于单、双维管束之间的过渡类型；皮下层为典型的二型皮下层；表皮层的角质层明显；树脂道多为典型的外生型。

Nephrometry Score consists ofadius,xophytic/endophytic properties of the tumor,earness of tumor deepest portion to the collecting system or sinus,nterior/posterior descriptor and theocation relative to the polar line.

结果：肾脏散色比浊法评分由下列部分组成：半径（以肿瘤最大直径作为衡量肿瘤大小的依据），肿瘤的外生/内生特性，与肿瘤最深处接近肾集合系统或肾窦的距离，对肿瘤前方/后方部位的描述以及与极线相关的定位。

by analyzing internal and exterior factors working on the validity of professional sports service production institution, the paper concludes that on the one hand, with ectogenic, compellent, defective structure low maneuverability and human degree in the chinese professional sports production institutions, which result in low validity of professional sports production institution in china; on the other hand, for the whole nation systems and common property right dominated by china government, china economy systems' transition, confucian culture that pays more attention to academic knowledge, whereas despise on physical force, which greatly influence the efficiency of professional sports service production institution.

摘 要：通过分析影响竞技体育生产制度有效性的内在因素和外部因素，得出：一方面，中国竞技体育生产制度由于其外生与强制性、制度结构欠缺、可执行性程度低、人性化程度差等原因导致其制度有效性低，另一方面，中国政府主导的&举国体制&和竞技体育的公共产权、中国经济体制转轨、&重文轻体&的儒家文化极大地影响竞技体育生产制度效率的发挥。

This webpage systematically introduced Tibet's macro fungi of 45 families, 175 genera and 588 species, including 415 species of edible fugi, 135 kinds of poisonous fungi, 238 species of medicinal fungi, 168 kinds of fungi which proved to boast anti-cancer medical effect, 188 species of ectotrophic mycorrhiza, and 123 species which make trees and wood decomposed and ill.

该书收集了西藏地区的大型经济真菌45科、175属、588种。本书记述的食用菌415种，毒菌135种，药用真菌238种，其中有抗癌作用或试验抑制肿瘤的168种。树木的外生菌根菌188种。能分解纤维素、木质素并引起树木木质腐烂或树木病害的123种。

Most of the literature on bank runs takes the asset side of the bank activities as given and assumes that the bank's returns are determined by an exogenously given production function.

大多数有关银行挤兑的文献将银行经营的资产部分作为给定的，并假定银行收益是由外生给定的生产函数决定的。

Here, technological progress is no longer a given value exogenously, but a result of economic agents maximizing their profits. Emphasizing entrepreneurs'behavior in this article is our consistent microeconomic foundation.

这里的技术进步不再是外生给定，而是经济主体追求利润最大化的有意识的结果，强调企业家是技术进步的推动者是本文贯彻始终的微观基础。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。