外汇

Exchange bill discount is a bill financing act conducted by the bank for the bearer of an exchange bill whereby the bank deducts the discounted interest from the face amount and pay the rest to the bearer of the exchange bill before its maturity.

外汇票据贴现是银行为外汇票据持票人办理的票据融资行为，银行在外汇票据到期前，从票面金额中扣除贴现利息后，将余额支付给外汇票据持票人。

This report gives a brief historical retrospect to the developmentof ICBC foreign exchange treasury business, and draws an organizationchart of its foreign exchange treasury business, detailing inorganization layout and functions of Foreign Exchange TreasuryDepartment in the Head Office, which is in charge of the operation andadministration of the whole bank's foreign exchange treasury business.

本报告在简要回顾中国工商银行外汇资金业务发展历程的基础上，介绍了中国工商银行外汇资金业务的组织结构，并重点描述了中国工商银行总行外汇资金业务经营管理部门——外汇资金部的内部机构设置及职能。

As the inter-bank foreign exchange trading is a large trading post on the exchange rate the characteristics of the general foreign exchange transactions between banks and the foreign exchange market as a foreign exchange wholesale market, and the banking and foreign exchange transactions between the general, a market that Exchange for the retail market.

由于银行间的外汇交易是一个大型贸易公司后对汇率的特点，一般外汇之间的交易，银行和外汇市场作为外汇批发市场，以及银行业和外汇之间的交易一般，市场作为交换条件的零售市场。

China has been the first biggest foreign exchange reserved country in the world. With increase of foreign exchange reserve, for the stable of RMB valuta and relieve the international upvalue stress from foreign exchange market for foreign supply is more than need, central bank have to purchase foreign currency for forming huge money supply amount and increase inflation stress.

随着外汇储备的增长，为了维持人民币币值的稳定，减轻外汇市场上由于外汇供给大于需求而产生的人民币升值压力，央行不得不购进外汇，投放基础货币，从而使外汇占款大幅增加，形成巨大的货币供应量，加大通货膨胀的压力。2004年物价的大幅上涨，和外汇储备的快速增长密不可分。

On the basis of FER scale theory, this paper analyses the FER increase in China about the supply and demand factors. First, according to the Agarwal model,Jian Wu model and China's situation, a new moderate determination model is constituted. This model adapts to practical status of China. It is used to analyze China's 1990-2005 foreign exchange reserve. The result shows that foreign exchange reserve is excessive in the last few years.

首先，本文在界定外汇储备适度规模的内涵及主要影响因素的基础上，基于阿格沃尔模型和武剑模型及我国国情构建了一个新的适度外汇储备模型，并利用该模型对1990-2005年我国外汇储备规模的适度性进行了实证分析，得出近年来我国外汇储备过量的结论。

Article 46 Domestic organizations that open foreign exchange bank accounts at home or abroad without authorization and in violation of stipulations on the management of foreign exchange bank accounts; lend, collusively use or transfer their foreign exchange bank accounts; or change without authorization the scope of use of their foreign exchange bank accounts shall be ordered by foreign exchange administrations to make corrections, have their foreign exchange bank accounts revoked, criticized, and fined between RMB 50,000 yuan and RMB 300,000 yuan.

第四十六条境内机构违反外汇帐户管理规定，擅自在境内、境外开立外汇帐户的，出借、串用、转让外汇帐户的，或者擅自改变外汇帐户使用范围的，由外汇管理机关责令改正，撤销外汇帐户，通报批评，并处5万元以上30万元以下的罚款。

Any foreign-fundedenterprise that defrauds foreign exchange registration of foreign investmentsby means of false or misleading statement shall, once found, be subject to theliabilities for evasion of foreign exchange for the profits remitted outside asof the date of registration and other money in the form of capital account.

六、境内居民个人直接或间接持有以及境内机构直接持有境外企业股份，但未按规定办理境外投资外汇登记，各分局、外汇管理部不得为该境外企业并购的境内企业办理外资外汇登记。以虚假、误导性陈述等手段骗取外资外汇登记的外商投资企业，一经发现，追究其自登记之日起所汇出利润和其他资本项目款项的逃汇责任。

They could suffer catastrophic losses if the treasuries are repriced. The 10-year treasury is yielding 4 per cent, against 4.1 per cent inflation in the US last year, and probably higher this year. The market still doesn't believe the current inflation rate will stick. When it wakes up to the inflation reality, the 10-year treasury may yield over 6 per cent and its nominal value could decline by 40 per cent.

一旦外汇资产价格波动，那将会给这三个国家带来不可估量的损失。10年之间，持有的外汇资产可能会带来4％的收益，但这相对于美国4.1%或者更高的通货膨胀率来说，实在是不太划算，并且从市场运行状况来看，通货膨胀继续恶化的趋势似乎没有听下来的迹象，当真正面对实际通货膨胀率时，10期间的外汇资产带来的收益也就是6％左右，但通货膨胀引发外汇资产的贬值额度却达40％之多。

They could suffer catastrophic losses if the treasuries are repriced. The 10-year treasury is yielding 4 per cent, against 4.1 per cent inflation in the US last year, and probably higher this year. The market still doesn't believe the current inflation rate will stick. When it wakes up to the inflation reality, the 10-year treasury may yield over 6 percent and its nominal value could decline by 40 per cent.

一旦外汇资产价格波动，那将会给这三个国家带来不可估量的损失。10年之间，持有的外汇资产可能会带来4％的收益，但这相对于美国4.1%或者更高的通货膨胀率来说，实在是不太划算，并且从市场运行状况来看，通货膨胀继续恶化的趋势似乎没有听下来的迹象，当真正面对实际通货膨胀率时，10期间的外汇资产带来的收益也就是6％左右，但通货膨胀引发外汇资产的贬值额度却达40％之多。

Because our country is the exchange control country, our company pays foreign currency of USD9762.50 to your company through Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, need going to Administration of Foreign Exchange Control to cancel after verification according to the customs declaration of the goods at the Chinese customs, if did not go to Administration of Foreign Exchange Control to cancel after verification, this sum of foreign currency that our company pays to your company will be determined as the true-false method expenditure foreign currency, our company will be listed in the blacklist by Administration of Foreign Exchange Control, thus freeze all foreign currency operation of our company.

由于我国是外汇管制国家，因此我公司通过中国工商银行付给贵公司USD9762.50的外汇，需要凭货物在中国海关的报关单到外汇管理局去核销，如果没有到外汇管理局去核销，我公司付给贵公司的这笔外汇将被定为是非法支出外汇，我公司则将被外汇管理局列入黑名单，从而冻结我公司的一切外汇业务。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。