外场

Mutual Coupling Method can be used for large array calibration when there is no anechoic chamber or ideal far field.

MCM法可以在没有微波暗室或外场条件不理想的情况下对大型阵列进行校准。

In a low magnetizing field the coercivity of the non-aligned magnet is higher than that of the aligned magnet; the coercivity of the sample magnetized antiparallel to the aligned direction...

低场时非取向样品比取向样品的矫顽力大，外场反平行于取向方向比平行于取向方向的矫顽力大，而在足够大的外场下二者趋于相等。

A lake trial of three-element vector hydrophone linear array was carried out to test the validity and practicability of MUSIC algorithm.

为了检验矢量阵MUSIC空间谱方位估计算法的性能，进行了三元矢量阵的外场试验，对比了MUSIC空间谱估计以及常规波束形成的性能。

In studying the linear response of the dressed quark propagator in the presence of the variable external field, we derive a general expression for the vacuum susceptibility, based on the two-point external field formula in the Quantum Chromodynamical sum rule. The expressions we have derived for the calculation of vacuum susceptibility are model independent. Then we use the expressions to calculate the renormalised axial vector, vector and tensor vacuum susceptibilities.

接下来在研究夸克传播子在外场中的线性响应时，我们利用QCD求和规则两点外场公式推导出了一般的计算真空磁化率的公式（以变化的轴矢量外场为例），我们这里推导出的真空磁化率的计算公式是模型无关的。

We discuss the relation of the expanding coefficient and the outfield when the order parameter is invariant, and we get a result similar to that of measuring the Frank elastic constant by outfield, the relation of the two kinds of the expanding coefficients is also gained indirectely.

Landau-P.G.de Gennes自由能密度表达式，并且讨论了当序参数恒定时在外场作用下展开系数与外场的关系，得到了与用外场测Frank 弹性常数相似的结果，间接得到了两种展开系数之间的关系，也为确定L。

The reasons of our choice are:(1) the coupling of the electromagnetic field with the matter is universal and there is already some experiences with such a kind of field in the literature;(2) the pion is the lightest hadron and its interaction with other fields are known to some extent. The pion fields have been treated as external fields but the discussion is not comprehensive in the literature.

我们选取这样的外场的理由如下：(1)电磁场与物质相互作用的耦合常数是普适的，而且文献中已经有把电磁场当作外场来处理的经验；(2)π介子是最轻的强子，它与其它场的相互作用人们已经有所了解，文献中也有把π介子场当作外场来处理的例子，但讨论还不够深入。

The influences of the external magnetic field on the properties of the excited state of the polaron in a parabolic quantum dot are studied by using the linear combination operator and the unitary transformation method, the relation of the first internal excited state energy E1, excited energy △E and the resonance frequency ω of both the strong-and weak-coupling polaron with the effective confinement length l0 of the quantum dot, the electron-phonon coupling strength α and external magnetic field B are derived.

采用线性组合算符和幺正变换方法研究了外场对抛物量子点中极化子的激发态性质的影响，导出了强、弱耦合情况下极化子的第一内部激发态能量E1、激发能量△E、共振频率ω与量子点的有效受限长度l0、电子－声子耦合强度α以及外场B的关系。

Functions in a weak external field like the pion or electromagnetic field, which polarizes the otherwise-with-no-Lorentz-structure QCD vacuum, induces new condensates and affects the propagation of quarks and gluons in the vacuum.

外场的存在，将使原来没有 Lorentz 结构的 QCD 真空极化，诱导出一些新的凝聚量，另一方面外场的存在将改变夸克在真空中的传播行为，并且需要增加一些唯象参量。

Fair ball:A batted ball that first strikes the ground or leaves the playing field beyond first or third base within the foul lines or that is within the foul lines as it bounces past first or third base or that comes to rest or is touched by a fielder in front of first or third base within the foul lines.

&界内球：棒球比赛中落在内场边线内的击球，或先触到外场场内或经过第一或第三垒滚进外场场内的击球。&

Fair ball:A bat ted ball that first strikes the ground or leaves the playing field beyond first or third base within the foul lines or that is within the foul lines as it bounces past first or third base or that comes to rest or is touched by a fielder in front of first or third base within the foul lines.

&界内球：棒球比赛中落在内场边线内的击球，或先触到外场场内或经过第一或第三垒滚进外场场内的击球。&

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。