外周神经的

The effects could be attributed to the selective action of BmK Ⅰ on the TTX-S Na〓 channel: slowing the inactivation process of Na〓 channel, increasing the amplitude of peak Na〓 currents; 2 BmK abT, a new-type neurotoxin with higher sequence homology to β-type scorpion neurotoxin, was found to slow the inactivation process of Na〓 channel and prolong the duration of action potential in DRG neurons.

这些结果提示BmK IT2和BmK AS-1的外周抗伤害性效应可能是通过它们对小直径DRG神经元外周游离末梢即C纤维末梢上的TTX-S和TTX-R钠通道的门控调节所致，且BmK IT2对角叉菜胶致炎大鼠较强的抗伤害性作用可能是由于它对TTX-R钠通道较高的敏感性所致。二。特异性钠通道调制剂-东亚钳蝎神经毒素的电生理特征。

Acetylcholinesterase in the nervous system of insects is one of the most important enzymes, in the central and peripheral nervous system and the acetylcholine receptor involved nerve-nerve and nerve-muscle synaptic transmission between the action potential, and its main function is catalyzed hydrolysis cationic neurotransmitter acetylcholine. At present, in the natural products active material, the AChE ester moves the spot inhibitor physostigmine was studied clearly.

乙酰胆碱酯酶(Acetylcholinesterase，AChE)是昆虫神经系统中最重要的酶系之一，在中枢及外周神经系统中与乙酰胆碱受体一起参与完成神经-神经及神经-肌肉突触之间动作电位的传递，其主要生理功能是催化水解阳离子性神经递质乙酰胆碱。

NGFR positive nerve fibres were markedly reduced or absent in muscular layer and submucous layer while the hypertrophic nerve trunks in myenteric and submucosal plexuses showed a sheath of intense staining in the aganglionic colon from patients with HD.

结果 丰富的NGFR染色阳性神经纤维分布于正常结肠环肌层及粘膜下层，少量分布于纵肌层，NGFR染色阳性神经元分布于肌间神经丛及粘膜下神经丛；NGFR 染色阳性神经纤维在HD无肌间神经节细胞肠段肌层及粘膜下层内明显减少或缺如，而肌间肥大的神经干及粘膜下神经干为NGFR染色阳性，并且在其外周可见一强阳性染色带。

With the development of lesion inautonomic nervous system, i.e. the elevation of baroreflex set point, blood pressureincreases to stage 1 hypertension and worsens. Furthermore, the role of the effectors,including PVR, ventricular end-systolic elastance, venous unstressed volumes and heartrate, in the regulation of hypertension was analyzed. The results exhibit that the ANSregulation on hypertension works mainly by the reduction of PVR and the increase ofvenous unstressed volume.

随着自主神经系统损坏程度的不断加重，即工作调定点进一步升高，血压水平上升到了1级高血压并趋于严重；研究了神经调节的各效应器(外周血管阻力、心肌最大弹性度、心率和静脉非压力容积)对高血压的作用，表明神经调节机制对高血压的调节主要是通过降低外周血管阻力和增加静脉非压力容积实现的。

2B8a was weakly reactive to neutrophils (23.72%) and negative for T cells, NK, DC, RBC and Plt. The antibody reacted to all 3 marrow CD34+ cells with an average positive rate of 39.33% while it was negative for G-CSF-mobilized CD34+ peripheral blood stem/progenitor cells (PBSC, 1.25%). Cell line analysis showed that the antibody notably reacted to three out of 4 cell lines (Raji, SMS-SB, Nalm-6 and Nall-1) with the positive rates of 98.78%, 98.61%, 94.93% respectively and weakly to one of them with 5.68% in B lineage cell lines and monoblastic cell line (U937, 67.78%) while it was only weakly positive or negative for other myeloid leukemia cell lines including Meg01 (33.40%), HL-60 (29.70%),K562 (28.19%), KG1a (16.23 %) and HEL92.1.7 (8.02%). Among 4 T lineage leukemia,5 neuroblastoma and 1 colon cancer cell lines tested, only Molt-3 was found weakly positive (31.40%) for 2B8a, while the remaining 3 T cell lines (Molt4, JM and CCRF-CEM), 5 neuroblastoma cell lines (LA-N1, KCNR, BE, SK-N-SH, SK-N-AS) and the colon cancer cell line (HR8348) tested were negative.

结果表明： 2B8a抗原在外周血B细胞上表达（3/3例，平均阳性细胞数为26.29 ％），而在T淋巴细胞和NK细胞上不表达（0/3例）；在粒细胞和单核细胞上阳性表达均为2/3例，平均阳性细胞数分别是23.72 ％和59.84 ％；在DC细胞、红细胞和血小板上均不表达（0/3例）。2B8a抗原在骨髓CD34＋细胞上的阳性表达是3/3例，平均阳性细胞数39.33 ％，而在G-CSF动员的外周血CD34+细胞上的阳性表达仅1/3例，平均阳性细胞数为1.25 ％。2B8a抗原在B系细胞系Raji、SMS-SB、Nalm-6和Nall-1上的平均阳性细胞数分别为98.78 ％、98.61 ％、94.93 ％和5.68 ％；在T系细胞系Molt-3上的平均阳性细胞数为31.40 ％，而在Molt-4、JM和CCRF-CEM 细胞上不表达；在髓系细胞系U937、Meg-01、HL-60、K562、KG1a和HEL92.1.7上的平均阳性细胞数分别为67.78 ％、33.40 ％、29.70 ％、28.19 ％、16.23 ％和8.02 ％；在神经母细胞瘤细胞系SK-N-SH、KCNR、BE、LAN-1和SK-N-AS细胞以及结肠癌细胞系HR8348细胞上均不表达，而在羊膜细胞系FL细胞上呈一定的阳性表达，平均阳性细胞数为45.03％。

Cell line analysis showed that the antibody notably reacted to three out of 4 cell lines (Raji, SMS-SB, Nalm-6 and Nall-1) with the positive rates of 98.78%, 98.61%, 94.93% respectively and weakly to one of them with 5.68% in B lineage cell lines and monoblastic cell line (U937, 67.78%) while it was only weakly positive or negative for other myeloid leukemia cell lines including Meg01 (33.40%), HL-60 (29.70%),K562 (28.19%), KG1a (16.23 %) and HEL92.1.7 (8.02%). Among 4 T lineage leukemia,5 neuroblastoma and 1 colon cancer cell lines tested, only Molt-3 was found weakly positive (31.40%) for 2B8a, while the remaining 3 T cell lines (Molt4, JM and CCRF-CEM), 5 neuroblastoma cell lines (LA-N1, KCNR, BE, SK-N-SH, SK-N-AS) and the colon cancer cell line (HR8348) tested were negative.

结果表明： 2B8a抗原在外周血B细胞上表达（3/3例，平均阳性细胞数为26.29 ％），而在T淋巴细胞和NK细胞上不表达（0/3例）；在粒细胞和单核细胞上阳性表达均为2/3例，平均阳性细胞数分别是23.72 ％和59.84 ％；在DC细胞、红细胞和血小板上均不表达（0/3例）。2B8a抗原在骨髓CD34＋细胞上的阳性表达是3/3例，平均阳性细胞数39.33 ％，而在G-CSF动员的外周血CD34 细胞上的阳性表达仅1/3例，平均阳性细胞数为1.25 ％。2B8a抗原在B系细胞系Raji、SMS-SB、Nalm-6和Nall-1上的平均阳性细胞数分别为98.78 ％、98.61 ％、94.93 ％和5.68 ％；在T系细胞系Molt-3上的平均阳性细胞数为31.40 ％，而在Molt-4、JM和CCRF-CEM 细胞上不表达；在髓系细胞系U937、Meg-01、HL-60、K562、KG1a和HEL92.1.7上的平均阳性细胞数分别为67.78 ％、33.40 ％、29.70 ％、28.19 ％、16.23 ％和8.02 ％；在神经母细胞瘤细胞系SK-N-SH、KCNR、BE、LAN-1和SK-N-AS细胞以及结肠癌细胞系HR8348细胞上均不表达，而在羊膜细胞系FL细胞上呈一定的阳性表达，平均阳性细胞数为45.03％。

Then transplantation of the sciatic nerve from donor rats to the recipient rats in two groups were progressed.7 days after nerve transplantation,the contents of cd4 and cd8 in peripheral plasma of recipient rats were detected by flow cytometry.8 weeks after nerve transplantation,transplanted nerve were observed under light microscope.results:compared with nonirradiated group,the percentage of cd4 and the ratio of cd4 to cd8 in uvb irradiated group were significantly decreased（p＜0.05,p＜0.01）,cd8 percentage was significantly increased（p＜0.01）.conclusion:uvb-irradiated donor splenocytes were injected in the recipient rats through caudal veil,which could induce immunological tolerance to allogeneic transplantation.

未照射组注射未经紫外线照射的供体脾细胞，照射组注射经紫外线照射的脾细胞，7 d后移植供体神经。术后7 d行外周血t淋巴细胞亚群检查，术后8 w行移植神经组织学检查。结果：照射组cd4+百分率、cd4+/cd8+比值较非照射组明显降低（p.01，p.05），cd8+百分率较非照射组明显升高（p.01）。组织学检查显示，照射组的再生神经较非照射组多。结论：尾静脉内注射经紫外线照射的异基因脾细胞可诱导对异体神经移植的特异性免疫耐受。紫外线；脾细胞；免疫耐受；坐骨神经

The transmission is conducted in the form of action potentials along the axon of DRG neuron to the presynaptic membrane in spinal dorsal horn. Action potential depolarizes the presynaptic membrane and activates the voltage-dependent Ca〓 channel. The influx of Ca〓 then triggers the release of neurotransmitter.

外界感觉信息以动作电位的形式沿DRG细胞轴突由外周传向DRG细胞在脊髓背角的突触前膜，导致细胞膜去极化，引起电压依赖性〓通道的开放，〓内流介导突触前膜神经递质的释放，从而完成感觉信息由外周向脊髓的传递。

Gelatin microsphere is firstly made by encapsulating bFGF into gelatin by special manufacture process, then this microsphere was combinated into PLGA conduit or PLGA film.when used, we need only pack the injury peripheral nerve, injury spinal cord, wounded pars encephalic with the PLGA conduit. The conduit or film can slowly release buff which would be absorbed by around tissues.bFGF was already proved to be nutritious to the regeneration and alive of neuron and protect injury neuron.bFGF can also promote morphogenesia and division of nerve cell which would raise the survival rate of neuron, guide the generation of axon etc.bFGF is one of the important factors of sustaining the normal survival of cholinergic nerve.

使用时，只需将此材料贴敷外周损伤神经伤患处，脊髓伤口，或在脑部开颅手术后填充于术后创面，可有效地在伤口局部缓慢地释放并由机体组织吸收bFGF等神经营养因子。bFGF等已被证明具有神经营养作用，可促进神经元的再生与存活，保护受损的神经元。bFGF等对神经细胞兼有促进形态发生与分裂作用，具有提高神经元的成活率、诱导轴突向外生长等功能，是维持前脑基底部胆碱能神经元正常生存的重要因素。

Unilateral perineural application of 3% capsaicin selectively affects afferent C-fibers, and results in reduction of SP-and CGRP-IR and increase of NADPH diaphorase activity in ipsilateral superficial laminae of dorsal horn; Also, the application of Cap results in significant decrease in GABA-IR neuroprofile and increase in expression of cfos in many neurons the same area; Ruthenium red, as a functional antagonist of capsaicin, can completely prevent capsaicin-induced depletion of SP-and GABA-IR; Capsaicin-induced GABA-IR reduction can be partially blocked by pretreatment with a NK-1 receptor antagonist spantide and a NMDA receptor antagonist APV to the spinal dorsal horn.

辣椒素急性施加于外周神经可选择性影响C类传入纤维，引起末梢终止区域内SP-和CGRP-IR的减少，NO合成酶活力增加；同时也引起此区域内GABA-IR的减弱，GABA-IR神经元数目的减少以及背角浅层C-fos的大量表达；Cap的功能拮抗剂能完全翻转Cap所致的SP和GABA-IR的减少；应用NK-1受体和NMDA受体拮抗剂均可部分阻断Cap引起的GABA-IR的减少。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。