外侧

Methods Since 1998,57 cases traumatic thoracolumbar fracture had been oprated by inserted pedicle screw system,posterior decompressive intertransverse process bone fusion,45 patients had been followed up for 16 months(6～22 months)on average.

1998年以来，我院采用椎弓根钉系统内固定，后路减压后外侧植骨治疗胸腰段脊柱骨折57例，其中45例获随访，平均随访16个月（6～22个月）。

The fusion rate of allograft+rhBMP-2 in lumbar posterolateral intertransverse fusion exeperiment in rabbits was 100%, and superior to autologous iliac crest and sustitute it.

得出结论：同种冷冻干燥异体骨+rhBMP-2复合物在兔子腰椎后外侧融合实验中，优于自体髂骨，可以取代自体髂骨，其融合率为100％，消除了假关节的发生。

Posterolateral Lumbar Intertransverse Process Spinal Arthrodesis With Composites Composed Of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 And Allograft Or Xenograft; Or With Composite Consisted Of HA And Xenograft in rabbitsBackground: So far spine arthrodesis remains to be used in spine surgery.

中文题名rhBMP-2、HA及其复合物在兔腰椎后外侧融合的实验研究副题名外文题名论文作者杨发军导师马忠泰教授学科专业外科学研究领域\研究方向临床技能训练与研究学位级别博士学位授予单位北京大学学位授予日期2001 论文页码总数92页关键词骨形态发生蛋白异体骨移植脊柱融合异种骨移植馆藏号BSLW /2001 /R687 /42 背景：目前，脊柱融合手术被广泛地应用于脊柱外科领域，自体髂骨仍是被最常用的骨移植物，但是其有5％-35％的不融合率。

The ophthalmic artery gives off 3 branches to the intracanalicular optic nerve that all run first into the dura and then supply the nerve via the pia mater: medial collateral branch, lateral collateral branch, and ventral branch.

眼动脉行经视神经管时，分出一至三枝细小分枝，支配管内视神经，分别为：内侧循环支、外侧循环支、背侧支。

Then the muscle pack was placed intradural, and the gelfoam soaked with ZT mucilage was tamponed intra-and extra-dural to support the packing.

结果显微镜下凿开鞍底充分暴露硬膜漏口，向硬膜漏口内填塞肌肉块，无脑脊液流出后，用渍ZT胶的明胶海绵填塞于硬膜漏口的内、外侧和蝶窦腔。

Results In average:(1)The transverse diameter of the optic canal was (3.57±0.61) mm, the longitudinal diameter was (4.82±0.38) mm, the length of the inner wall was (12.62±2.59) mm, the length of the outer wall was (10.18 ±2.19) mm, and the length of the optic canal was (11.46±2.35) mm. The angle between optic canal and the middle line of the skull was 34.34°±6.48°,the angle between optic canal and the intraorbital optic was 10.69°±6.48°.

结果 ①双侧视神经管径线均值：左右径(3.57±0.61) mm，上下径（4.82±0.38） mm；内侧壁长度（12.62±2.59） mm，外侧壁长度（10.18±2.19） mm，视神经管长度（11.46±2.35） mm；与颅正中线夹角34.34°±6.48°，与眶内段视神经夹角10.69°±6.48°；内侧壁厚度（0.68±0.46） mm。

Hernia sac/freeing ------ Search for associated hernias In cases of voluminous direct hernias, a thorough exploration of the groin is necessary to rule out any coexisting intraparietal, low lying Spieling or femoral hernias.

在巨型直疝时，需彻底探查腹股沟区以排除任何合并存在的腹壁间裂隙疝、低位的外侧腹壁疝（Spigelian 疝）或股疝。

The parasacral region using a curved probe (2–5MHz) was scanned in 17 patients in search of the medial borderof the ischial bone and the lateral border of the sacrum, whichrepresent the limit of the greater sciatic foramen.

我们在17位病人身上用2–5MHz 的弯探针在骶骨旁区域进行超声探测，寻找坐骨内侧缘和骶骨外侧缘，从而划出坐骨大孔的区域。

On the basis of vertebral pedicle screw fixation, using intervertebral bone grafting could increase the rate of fusion, and using isthmic and posterolateral bone grafting could add spine stability, with good efficacy.

在椎弓根钉内固定系统复位固定的基础上进行椎间植骨椎等制定间融合率高，峡部植骨及后外侧植骨融合后可增加脊柱的稳定性，疗效好，值得临床推广。

objective to study the clinical therapeutic efficacy of posterior vertebral pedicle screw fixation plus intervertebral, isthmic and posterolateral bone grafting for lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis.

目的：探讨应用后路椎间、峡部及后外侧植骨加椎弓根钉内固定术治疗峡部裂性腰椎滑脱症的疗效。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。