夏季

By using the TM images in 1997,2001 and the spatial analysis methods of remote sensing and investigated by quadrat,the dynamic change of vegetation,land use and soil erosion in the "Shan-Gan-Ning air mass to Yinchuan" natural gas pipeline project region during the period from 1997 to 2001 are analyzed.

基于在中国西北生态脆弱区天然气管线建设的工程实例，利用夏季陆地卫星图像为基本信息源，应用遥感解译分析、野外样方调查等方法，以植被类型、土地利用、土壤侵蚀为基本评价因子，对天然气管线建设前、后项目区的生态环境变化进行了分析研究。

There are various kinds of sea fog forming in the Arctic Ocean during the summer, radiation fog, vapor fog and advection fog. One of the causes is the existence of the sea ice, which complicates the cushion and therefore the sea air exchange.

北冰洋的夏季能够形成各种类型的海雾：辐射雾、蒸汽雾和平流雾，其重要原因就是因为海冰的存在，使下垫面的性质复杂化，海气交换复杂化。

The structure, control principle and some problems in the air conditioning system of the vehicle in Shanghai rail transit line 5 are discussed.

介绍上海轨道交通5号线车辆空调系统的构造、控制原理及其存在的问题，对夏季司机室温度过高的问题提出建议。

The impact of rain gauge measurements is to increase the precipitation estimated from satellite data. The main difference is in Taiwan and the southeastern China where satellite retrieval underestimates the precipitation rate during boreal spring and summer. For the different precipitation climate analyses, the Legates- Willmot rainfall climate analysis produces the largest annual mean regional rainfall.

微波放射的雨量反演比微波散射法所估计的雨量略高，增加了测站雨量计分析的综合估计，使得区域平均年降雨量比只用卫星资料的估计大，而主要的差异是源自於春、夏季以及台湾与大陆东南沿海地区，显示卫星资料低估区域的锋面降雨。

The main reasons for the larger precipitation in Legates climatology are the rainband in the east of Taiwan during winter and the convective rainfall center over the southern Taiwan and Bashi Channel during summer.

Legates 的降雨气候较高的原因，主要是冬季在台湾东侧沿海有相当明显的雨带，以及夏季在巴士海峡与台湾南部的对流性降雨中心。

On the other hand, when the tropical western Pacific is in a cooling state in spring, convective activities are weakened around the Philippines. In this case, there is an anticyclonic anomaly circulation in the lower troposphere over the South China Sea, and the western Pacific subtropical high shifts westward, thus, the late onset of the SCSM can be caused. Moreover, when the tropical western Pacific is also in a cooling state, convective activities around the Philippines are also weak in summer, since the abrupt northward-shift of the western Pacific subtropical high is not obvious in mid-June and early July and it gradually shifts northward during its northward advance in this case, the East Asian summer monsoon rainband can be maintained in the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River valleys.

相反，当春季热带西太平洋处于冷状态，菲律宾周围对流活动弱，在这种情况下，南海上空对流层下层有反气旋性距平环流，西太平洋副热带高压偏西，从而使得南海夏季风爆发晚；并且，当夏季热带西太平洋也处于冷状态，菲律宾周围对流活动也很弱，在这种情况下，西太平洋副热带高压北进时，在6月中旬或7月初向北突跳并不明显，而是以渐进式向北移动，从而使得东亚季风雨带一直维持在长江流域和淮河流域。

The results show that when the tropical western Pacific is in a warming state in spring, convective activities are intensified around the Philippines. In this case, there is a cyclonic anomaly circulation in the lower troposphere over the South China Sea, and the western Pacific subtropical high shifts eastward, thus, the early onset of the South China Sea summer monsoon can be caused. Moreover, when the tropical western Pacific is also in a warming state, convective activities around the Philippines are also strong in summer, since the western Pacific subtropical high abruptly shifts northward in mid-June and early July during its northward advance in this case, the abrupt northward-shift of the East Asian summer monsoon rainband from South China to the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River valleys is obvious in mid-June and this monsoon rainband again jumps northward from the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River valleys to the Yellow River valley, North China and Northeast China in early July.

分析结果表明：当春季热带西太平洋处于暖状态，菲律宾周围对流活动强，在这种情况下，南海上空对流层下层有气旋性距平环流，西太平洋副热带高压偏东，从而使得南海夏季风爆发早；并且，当夏季热带西太平洋也处于暖状态，菲律宾周围对流活动也很强，在这种情况下，西太平洋副热带高压北进时，在6月中旬和7月初存在明显的突跳，从而使得东亚季风雨带在6月中旬明显由华南北跳到江淮流域，并于7月初由江淮流域北跳到黄河流域、华北和东北地区。

Uneven distribution of rainfall in the summer, 145.2-516.4 mm of rainfall.

夏季雨量分布不均，降雨量为145.2-516.4毫米。

The characteristics of the general circulation in winter,spring and summer, East Asian monsoon, summer rainfall and the distribution of drought/flood in China are discussed.

我国夏季降水和旱涝有明显差异的四种不同分布型可能与冬季所处 ENSO循环的不同阶段以及大气环流和东亚季风对它的不同响应有关。

Aimed at the characteristics such as heavy traffic,serious surcharge,a lot of long scarps,long term of high temperature,raininess and heavy fog in summer of Beijing-Zhuhai expressway in Gongdong Province,this paper,which adopts uniform design method with 16 levels and 4 factors,studies the relativity between coarse aggregate content and ,optimizes the mix of SMA mixture.

针对京珠高速公路粤境内北段交通量大、超载严重、长陡坡路段多、夏季高温多雨多雾等特点，采用16水平4因素的均匀设计法，研究了各档粗集料用量与骨架间隙率之间的相关性，优化了SAM矿料级配，并对SMA高温稳定性及影响因素进行了分析，且重点研究了粗集料用量、沥青用量、纤维品种等对SMA高温稳定性的影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。