复杂

To better the application of PTV technique in complex surface flow field,an automatic image segmentation method based on frame difference and adaptive threshold was established,and particle signature identification was introduced,which bettered the effect of particle recognition and tracking in complex flow field.

为了改善粒子跟踪测速技术在复杂流场测速中的应用效果，本文采用基于帧间差分和自适应阈值的自动图像分割技术，引入粒子的特征标识，改善了复杂流场中粒子识别与运动跟踪的效果；另外，通过流速滤波、插值处理，提高了流速测量的精度。

Normal external ear is a shell structure of complicated shape which is made by flimsy skin tissue that warps elastic cartilage. Ear reconstruction is one of the most difficult and complicated plastic surgery.

正常耳廓系由细薄的皮肤软组织包裹弹力软骨支架所组成的形态复杂的薄壳结构，耳廓再造术一直被认为是整形外科中最为困难、复杂的手术之一。

Puncturing through inside edge of joint is shorter way,the puncturing and anatomic position are complex,operating technique is difficult.

经小关节内侧缘到侧隐窝路径短，但解剖复杂，操作技术有难度；经骶裂孔硬膜囊前间隙法路径长，穿刺及解剖并不复杂，是操作简单的有效方法。

Result: In first experiment, the results shows erector spinae of CLBP had positive correlation in the force-sEMG signal relationship on the testing of non-fatigue state of step extensions exercise; AEMG, MPF, IMPF increased with the load, but the Lempel-Ziv Complexity remain firm against the load. The second experiment of the research was that the mean values and the slopes of sEMG of the LBP were significantly different from healthy subjects during the isometric contractions of 20%MVC load intensity, except AEMG.

90秒静态负荷运动过程中，10％MVC运动强度时，慢性下背痛被试和健康被试AEMG、MPF、IMPF、复杂度的均值均没有显著性差异；20％MVC运动强度时，健康被试的MPF、IMPF、复杂度均值都低于LBP被试，对于10％MVC和20％MVC运动负荷强度时，慢性下背痛被试的AEMG、MPF、IMPF、和C的变化斜率都快于健康被试，除AEMG外，其余指标的变化率之间均有显著性差异；在两种负荷强度下的静态运动负荷实验中，左右侧腰部竖脊肌肌电信号特征无明显差别。

The copyright took one kind of immaterial goods property right, is one kind of power for the complex civil right, on was objective already becomes complex, the abstrusest legal science divides into separate fields one.

著作权作为一种无形财产权，是一种权为复杂的民事权利，客观上已经成为最复杂、最深奥的法学分科之一。

Only with such characteristics, the movement equations can be expressed as matrices, and the idea of transforming the movement equations to the simplest form through a nonlinear transformation can be realized;(2) The form of Zi =Yi + YTH2i Y + Y7H3i Y(2)+ Y(2)T H4i Y(2)+ YTH5i Y(3) is adhibited in the nonlinear transformation, so that the multivalued problem caused by the nonlinear transformation is avoided, and the higher order transformation can be taken next;(3) The fourth order nonlinear transformation matrices H21,H31,H41 and H51 are derived, by which the original movement equations of electric power system is transformed to Jodan form in Z space;(4) By use of the fourth order nonlinear transformation, the approximate expression of the stability boundary is obtained, in Z space it is Z1= 0,in Y space it is Y1 + YTH21 Y + YTH31 Y(2)-i- Y(2) TH41 Y(2)+YTH51 Y(3)= 0;(5) The criterion used in this paper to judge whether the system critical unstable is simple and quick;(6) The method used in this paper is a direct method, and no need to construct an energy function.

正是由 于电力系统的运动方程具有这样的特性，才能写成矩阵的形式，通过非线性变换将电力系统的运动方程变换为最简单的线性形式的思想才能得以实现；（2）将通常运用于电力系统暂态稳定性分析的Normal Form变换的形式由 Yi＝ Zi＋ ZTh2riZ变形为 Zi＝ Yi＋YTH2iY＋YTH3iY（2）＋Y（2）TH4iY（2）＋YTH5iY（3），从而使得在对持续故障轨线实施同样的非线性变换以确定临界切除时间时，避免了非线性变换带来的多值性的问题，而只有在没有多值性问题的困扰下，才能采用较高阶的变换：（3）推导出了将原始电力系统系统的运动方程变换到Z空间的约当形式的非线性变换矩阵H21、H31、H41、HS1：（4）在运用四阶了「线性变换的情况下，给出了受扰动后系统的稳定边界的近似的解析表达，在Z空间为Z1=0，在y空间为： Y1+YTH21Y+YTH31Y(2)+Y(2)TH41Y(2)+YTH51Y(3)=0 （5）确定临界失稳的判据简单、快捷：对于一个复杂的电力系统，其稳定边界是相当复杂的一个高维曲面，即便是已知系统稳定边界的解析表达，要求出系统持续故障轨线何时与这一高维曲面相交，在数学上几乎是不可能实现的。

Introduces the height finding theory of the continuous wave frequency modulation altimeter and the pulse radar altimeter,analyzes the reason why the two kinds of altimeters were used in complex terrain to cause errors,and also gives out the experiment result that the plane mounted with the two kinds of altimeters flew in complex terrain section occasion.

介绍了调频连续波高度表和脉冲雷达高度表的测高原理，分析了两种体制高度表在复杂地形下使用时产生误差的原因，并且给出了两种高度表在复杂地形剖面场合下的机载试验结果。

Somatic science is the science of man in cosmic environment;in the languege of systems science,the human body is considered to be an open complex giant system embeded in the supergiant system of comic sorld;here "open"is referred to the human body environment,"giant"means the number of the constituting members of the system runs to billions and billons,"complex"means the kinds of the constituting members are also numerous and the interactions among the members are of great variety,Somatic science thus departs in basic viewpoint from the classical reductionist physiology.

易经》对中华文明史的影响人体科学的基本学说是我国著名科学家钱学森同志提出的，全文[1]如下：人体科学是宇宙环境中的人类科学，用系统科学的话来讲，人体被认为是包涵在宇宙这个超巨系统中的开放复杂巨系统。这&开放&是对人体环境而言，&巨&意味着构成系统的成员的数目多达数十亿，&复杂&的意思是指组成成员的种类也是非常多的，而成员之间的相互作用又是多种多样的。因此人体科学的基本观点就这样与经典的、还原论指导下的生理学的基本观点不同。

The applications of modified Jameson's scheme to the complex flow around the missiles with canards and tails, result in good agreement between computations and experiment data of the standard missile model of U.S.A..

将改进的Jameson格式应用到多翼导弹的三维流场计算中，并使用分区技术和三维椭圆微分方程数值网格生成技术以精确模拟此复杂构形的复杂流态，计算结果与美国导弹标模的实验吻合很好。

Now, We must recognize clearly that investagations of complicated systems will be a long-term and arduous task, and it is not possible to find a valid method to deal with general complicated control systems in recent decads.

计算机科学的发展为利用控制理论解决复杂工程问题提供了可能性，从而推动了复杂控制系统研究的进一部深入。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。