复杂

With the growing developments of the construction of SS/FH sequence in much wider fields, the well-known complexity measures—the linear complexity, the linear complexity profile and the k-error linear complexity—are widelyused but not sufficient to evaluate the complexities of the sequences available, for instance, the cryptographical sequence and the chaotic sequence families.

针对目前国内外普遍采用的LC、LCP和k-error LC(k-error Linear Complexity)序列复杂度检测理论存在的缺陷，将物理学和信息论中信息熵的概念引入到序列的复杂度检验中，提出了基于近似熵(ApEn：Approximate Entroy)的FH/SS(Frequnecy Hopping/Spread Spectrum)序列复杂度检验理论。

Among used machine learning methods, the gradient descent method is widely used to train various classifiers, such as Back-propagation neural network and linear text classifier. However, the gradient descent method is easily trapped into a local minimum and slowly converges. Thus, this study presents a gradient forecasting search method based on prediction methods to enhance the performance of the gradient descent method in order to develop a more efficient and precise machine learning method for Web mining.However, a prediction method with few sample data items and precise forecasting ability is a key issue to the gradient forecasting search method. Applying statistic-based prediction methods to implement GFSM is unsuitable because they require a large number of data items to model a prediction model. In the contrast with statistic-based prediction methods, GM(1,1) grey prediction model does not need a large number of data items to build a prediction model, and it has low computational load. However, the original GM(1,1) grey prediction model uses a mathematical hypothesis and approximation to transform a continuous differential equation into a discrete difference equation in order to model a forecasting model.

其中梯度法是一个最常被使用来实现机器学习的方法之一，然而梯度法具有学习速度慢以及容易陷入局部最佳解的缺点，因此，本研究提出一个梯度预测搜寻法则(gradient forecasting search method， GFSM)来改善传统梯度法的缺点，用来提升一些以梯度学习法则为基础的分类器在资讯探勘上的效率与正确性；而一个所需资料量少、计算复杂度低且精确的预测模型是梯度预测搜寻法能否有效进行最佳解搜寻之关键因素，传统统计为基础之预测方法的缺点是需要较大量的数据进行预测，因此计算复杂度高，灰色预测模型具有建模资料少且计算复杂度低等优点，然而灰色预测理论以连续之微分方程式为基础，并且透过一些数学上的假设与近似，将连续之微分方程式转换成离散之差分方程式来对离散型资料进行建模及预测，这样的作法不尽合理，且缺乏数学理论上的完备性，因为在转换过程中已经造成建模上的误差，且建模过程仅考虑相邻的两个资料点关系，无法正确反应数列未来的变化趋势。

At the same time, in view of some deficiency of traditional modeling methods, a new approach to system modeling梞ultiresolution modeling and aggregation/disaggregation梙as been developed since 1980s,and is now being used in the simulation and optimizing decision-making for large scale complex systems.

复杂系统的仿真和优化控制是以建立对象合理而准确的数学模型为基础的，但复杂系统本身具有一定的复杂性，对其进行建模和仿真时，会存在大量不同模式的信息数据(定量的、半定量的、定性的)，它们从不同角度不同层次反映系统的行为，而且往往具有不同的粒度和分辨率，传统的建模方法不能满足复杂系统的要求。

And then, in the foundation of the overseas scholars'study, I study RP and the CRP methods for visualization the dynamics characteristic of the phase space track as well as the complexity degree algorithm of chaos time series——ApEn algorithm. Applying these two methods based on the VB program we analyze separately the data which is obtained from complex financial system model and Lorenz system, and obtain several new recurrence plots and cross recurrence plots. This provides the graph gist of determination complex intrinsic characteristic. The results establish the foundation for exact and further division of chaos time series.

接下来，在国外学者研究的基础上，基于混沌时序形象化相空间轨迹的动力学特征的分别研究了RP和CRP方法以及判定混沌时间序列的复杂度算法的ApEn算法，基于VB程序应用这两种方法分别对Lorenz系统及实际的一类复杂金融系统模型所得到的数据进行了分析，得到了几个较为新的复原图和相干复原图，这对于判定时序数据的复杂内在特性提供了图形上的比对依据，研究结果为混沌时序的准确和进一步分类奠定了基础。

This paper presents a 3D complex geological entity modeling method based on line-frame model, designed to accurately express the spatial geometrical shape of every element of a complex geological entity and their mutual relationship.

提出了一种基于线框架模型的复杂地质体三维建模方法，在准确表达复杂地质体各要素空间几何形态与相互关系的基础上，实现地层交错情况下断层面、地层面模型及复杂地质体模型的准确快速构建。

The process of turning the phoenixes of nine heads' into Guiche was a complicated one that contained many factors which interacted with each other and brought about the change in meaning.

从九凤到鬼车的流变是一个复杂的过程，在这一流变过程中包涵了诸多复杂的因素，正是这些复杂因素的共同作用，才使得九头鸟形象由誉而毁，其性质发生了根本性的转变。

We integrate the advantage of semantic depiction using ontology and the advantage of complicated targets image modeling using Bag Of Words model, complicated targets se mantic reasoning model is introduced using the ontology concept as a random variable in Bag Of Words model. This model can map the ontology concept to the image.

结合本体技术语义表达的优势和Bag Of Words模型的复杂目标图像建模的优势，将复杂目标本体中的本体概念作为随机变量引入到Bag Of Words模型中，提出了基于本体的复杂目标语义推理模型，建立了本体概念同图像的映射关系。

In our country, the petroleum mothball resources are mainly distributed in mountain area, Loess Plateau, desert, Gobi etc. furthermore, these areas are very complicated not only on surface but also under ground.

然而，我国的石油后备资源主要分布在山地、黄土塬、沙漠、戈壁等非常复杂的地区，不仅地表复杂，而且地下复杂。

On the one hand,we try to analyze, summarize and discuss that the complex near-surface brings negative impacts on seismic exploration; on the other hand, we want to provide necessary helps for the next field operation in complex area and how to adopt effective seismic technology.

要在复杂的地表与地下地震地质条件下获得较高品质的地震剖面，一方面要克服恶劣的地表条件给野外施工作业带来的影响；另一方面又必须较好地解决和攻克在地震勘探方法和技术上因复杂近地表因素而诱发的各种难题，如地震资料的信噪比很低，干扰类型复杂，静校正问题极为突出，速度分析、叠加成像和偏移归位及构造成图困难等。

The concentration of neptunium and plutonium is extremely low in environmental samples. Additionally such samples have a complex matrix composition, which is to be taken into account for a proper analysis.

环境样品基体复杂，铀、镎和钚等锕系元素含量非常低，在复杂的生态条件下，这些核素常常具有复杂多变的化学形态，要准确测定其含量，必须要有灵敏可靠的检测方法。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。