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Vesic's solutions to cavity expansion that include cylindrical cavity expansion and spherical cavity expansion are introduced. Then cylindrical cavity expansion theory is applied to study compaction effect of pile driving in saturated soil. Based on the results of conventional triaxial tests, a trilinear curve model is used to simulate stress-strain curve of strain-softening materials. Meanwhile, trilinear curves are also used to simulate curves of volumetric strain, minor principal strain and major principal strain. By using elasto-plastic theory, analytical solutions to cylindrical cavity expansion in strain-softening soil are presented. According to the mechanism of statically pressed pile driving, compaction effect of pile tip can be viewed as hemispheric cavity expansion. Therefore spherical cavity expansion theory is applied to obtain the solutions to stress, strain, displacement fields and final pressure. Resistance force of pile tip is calculated to estimate static pressure.

介绍了Vesic关于圆孔扩张问题的解答，其中包括柱形孔扩张问题和球形孔扩张问题，并应用柱形孔扩张理论分析了饱和软土中的沉桩挤土效应问题；在常规三轴试验成果的基础上，采用三折线模型模拟具有应变软化性质的岩土材料的应力应变关系曲线，分析了在应变软化土体中沉桩时桩周土的位移场、应力场和应变场的变化，得到了解析解答；分析了静压桩的沉桩机理，并利用球形孔扩张理论，视桩端处的挤土为半个球形孔的扩张，分析了桩端处土的位移场、应力场和应变场的变化，并根据最终扩张压力计算出沉桩时的桩端阻力，可作为压桩力的估算。

We often use comparisons of where we are now to where we want to be as a form of procrastination.

我们经常拿我们现在所处的位置和我们想要处的位置做比较，以此来作为拖延的形式。

The prolegomenon part mainly explains the significance of choosing this subject and the present state of this problem, mainly research thinking way and means, maybe innovations and deficiencies of the paper.

导论部分主要介绍了选题的意义与研究现状、研究的基本思路与方法以及本文的可能创新之处与不足之处。

In the work, employing a function with four undetermined parameters to model the source wavelet, an analytical relation between Q-factor and envelope peak instantaneous frequency is derived from the theory of one-way waves propagating in an anelastic medium; at the same time, a method for extracting instantaneous frequency in wavelet domain is developed for improving the precision and anti-noise performance of IF estimation, and based on these, a method called EPIF in wavelet domain is proposed for estimating Q-factor of VSP data.

本文采用一个具有4个待定参数的函数去逼近震源子波，利用黏弹介质中单程波传播理论推导出了地震子波包络峰值处瞬时频率和品质因子之间的解析关系；同时，为提高瞬时频率的估计精度和抗噪性能，在小波域中发展了一种计算瞬时频率的方法，并在此基础上提出了估算VSP资料Q值的方法，简称小波域包络峰值处瞬时频率法。

Instead, it comes from their "quirkiness," their uncommon behavior or distinct personality traits, ones that separate them, make them unusual, and usually serve as the source of inspiration for the heights they scale.

而是他们的"怪异"之处，他们不寻常的行为或者是与常人截然不同的性格，这些不同寻常之处正是让天才区别於普通人，让他们变得不寻常，激发他们创造出惊人成就的源泉。

In this method, the parameter value at the maximum of each rational B-spline basis function is defined as the parameter value of associated data point.

在这种方法中，把每个有理B样条基函数的最大值处的参数值定义为相伴数据点处的参数值。

In order to overcome the disadvantage and improve the system,Expert system is applied to the refiner control.

介绍了传统盘磨的控制方案、具体实现方法及其优越性和不足之处，对其不足之处做出改进，并将专家系统引入盘磨控制中，改进后系统将能得到更好的应用。

Fascial closure was not required in 679 (91%) of 749 sites. Nine percent of sites were closed at the surgeon's discretion, commonly due to reinsertion or excessive manipulation.

所有749处的手术部位中，有679处(91%)不需作筋膜缝合；其余的9%是根据医生的判断而作了缝合；大部分的原因为二次穿刺、手术时过度操作等。

The prevailing westerly will reinstitute themselves along the new Equator, curling away from the Equator as they do today, and returning.

沿着赤道处会再次出现盛行的西风，和今日一样，从赤道处卷曲飘荡并返回来。

Considering the adaptation to the environment, some gene of the genomes is on active state which satisfy the condition of resonance, others are on silent state which unsatisfy the condition, and the situation can turned depending on whether resonance condition is satisfied or not.

在适应环境中，满足阈值共振的基因组中的基因处於活动状态，不满足阈值共振的基因组中的基因处於"沉默"状态，阈值共振可使活动基因和"沉默"基因相互转化。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。