壳轴

A Hamiltonian system was constructed for the fundamental problem of the dynamic buckling ,thereby problems of critical loads and buckling modes were reduced to determinations of eigenvalues and eigensolutions in a symplectic space and a symplectic method was proposed.

针对有内压或外压的弹性圆柱壳在轴向冲击载荷耦合作用下的动态屈曲问题，构造哈密顿体系，在辛空间中将临界载荷和动态屈曲模态归结为辛本征值和本征解问题，从而形成一种辛方法。

Orient the vehicle or body in white so that its transverse axis is aligned with the axis of the acceleration device, simulating a driver-side impact.

5.3.2.2.3横向面设定1-使车辆或车壳横轴与加速装置对正，模拟驾驶侧之侧方碰撞。

All plant's stomata were distributed on the abaxial of leaves.

结果表明，这些植物的气孔全部着生在远轴面。7种植物中，玉蕊和绒毛番龙眼的气孔密度较大，滇南红厚壳和团花的保卫细胞最长。

The effect of axial and circumferential imperfections on the displacements of cylindrical shells is discussed.

讨论了轴向几何缺陷和周向几何缺陷对圆柱壳动力响应的影响。

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其中泵类产品：潜水泵、喷射泵、排水泵、污水泵适用于民用；端吸泵、中开泵、增压泵、消防泵适用于工业和商用；离心泵、隔膜泵、柱塞泵适用于农业；脱盐泵、往复泵、轴流泵适用于市政建设；舱底泵、冷却泵、污水泵、高压冲洗泵、饮用水泵适用于海运；净化与过滤设备：FLECK阀门适用于锅炉软水系统、反渗透系统的预处理装置、家用及商用软水系统；STRUCTURAL树脂罐适用于砂滤、商用软水器、离子交换、多介质过滤、活性碳过滤；CODELINE膜壳适用于海水、苦、咸水淡化工程、电厂锅炉补给水工业处理、化工行业工艺用水、电子、半导体行业的超纯水处理、冶金、轻工业、电镀等行业的废水处理、食品饮料、卫生医疗；泳池及水景设备适用于水疗、游泳池、大型浴场等等。

Incurrent research, aiming at the rupture problem engendered in the shooting process of acertain 5.56mm automatic rifle, the strain and stress distributions on the cartridge caseunder the action of axial pull have been analyzed. Based on the theories of elastic-plasticmechanics and contact mechanics, a mathematic and physical model of the cartridge-caseand chamber system has been set up; and based on the platform of the general softwarepackage APDL of ANSYS for finite element analysis, a parameterized model of thecartridge-case and chamber system has also been established. The method for nonlinearFEA has been adopted to analyze the stress distribution on the entire cartridge-case andchamber system, and the method of contact element has been employed to investigate thecontact stress between the cartridge case and chamber, and then the influences of frictioncoefficient and locking space on the static and dynamic stress and strain response of thecartridge case and chamber to the action of power gas have also been discussed. On thebasis of a lot of numerical tests, a kind of element Plane13, which is concentrated incoupled computation of heat and construction, has been used finally to simulate thetransient response of the cartridge-case and chamber system to the power gas. Throughloading the temporary thermal characteristics of explosive gas in the procedure of emulate, the corresponding transient thermal stress distributed on the entire system under thecombined load of transient thermal stress and transient pressure has been obtained. Owingto these comprehensive considerations, the numerical results obtained in this paperrepresent the actual situations comparatively exactly.

本文针对某5.56mm自动步枪在工作中出现断壳的问题，分析了弹壳在轴向拉力作用下的应力应变；基于弹塑性力学及接触理论，建立了弹壳弹膛系统的数学、物理学模型，在通用有限元ANSYS软件的参数化建模工具APDL平台上，建立了弹壳弹膛系统的参数化模型；采用非线性有限元法计算了弹壳弹膛系统的整体应力，引入接触单元法分析弹壳和弹膛的接触压力，探讨了在不同的摩擦系数和不同的闭锁间隙对弹壳弹膛静、动态响应的影响；本文进行了大量的尝试，最后确定采用热、结构耦合单元Plane13，在计算中加载了火药气体的温度历程，成功的获得了弹壳弹膛系统在瞬态的热载荷和瞬态的压力载荷同时作用下弹壳弹膛系统的热应力数值解，考虑因素全面，比较真实的反映了弹壳弹膛系统在火药气体压力和热载荷下作用的情况。

The meridionally accelerated axial-flow fans including meridian acceleration rotor, vaneless diffuser and volute was numerically simulated in the whole flow passage by Reynolds time-averaged N-S equations with tensor and k-ε turbulence model.

采用三维雷诺时均N-S方程和标准k-ε湍流模型，对包含叶轮、无叶扩压器与轴向蜗壳于一体的子午加速风机进行了整机全流道的数值模拟。

Inflorescence spikelike, cylindrical, composed of spiny or bristly deciduous burrs arranged along an angular, often sinuous rachis; burrs sessile or with an obconical basal stipe, each composed of 1 or more sessile spikelets surrounded by an involucre of spines and bristles; bristles flexuous or more often spinous,± flattened, grooved on the outer face, united below, the degree of union varying from a small basal disk to a deep cupule, inner spines or bristles often ciliate around spikelets. Spikelets lanceolate, acute; glumes unequal, shorter than spikelet, lower sometimes suppressed; lower floret membranous, staminate or neuter; upper floret firmer, protogynous.

花序穗状，圆筒状，由落叶的毛刺沿着一具角安排的具刺的或具刚毛，通常波状的轴组成；毛刺无梗或具基部的倒锥状柄，每一个由1无梗或更多组成以总苞的刺和刚毛包围；或更多的刚毛曲折通常spinous，多少扁平，在外面上具凹槽，下面的合生，协会的度从一小的基部的花盘变化到一深的壳斗，小穗披针形，锐尖；不等长的颖片，短于小穗，降低有时压抑；更低的小花膜质，雄蕊花的或中性；坚定的上面小花，雌蕊先熟。

The banjo-type axle housing 10 comprises an enlarged central, or banjo, portion 12 defining a hollow interior adapted for housing a differential assembly therein, and a pair of sleeve-like axle beam portions 14R and 14L outwardly laterally extending from opposite sides of the center portion 12 for housing axle shafts. The central portion 12 has a front carrier opening 16 formed therethrough on its forwardly facing side, and a rear opening 18 formed therethrough on its rearwardly facing side.

桥壳banjo-type组成的中央，放大10分12个定义斑鸠，或是一个空洞的室内适合住房差动总成，和一双sleeve-like轴部分梁横向延伸14L 14R外，从两端的中心部分12住房刚性车轴。12有一个中央部分开放前载体上16形成籍由氧化还原，使得面对18形成一个开放其rearwardly面对籍由氧化还原。

This is the main research contents in this paper Enhance the operating efficiency of turbomachine、saving energy become a common understanding. In order to improve the efficiency、output power、comprehensive utilization level of high energy and enhance the operation reliability, numerical simulation of flow field inside turbomachine for several difference uses were studied with our professional dominance based on three practical engineering project. Based on these the axial and centrifugal blowers were designed.

而提高叶轮机械的能量转换效率、节能降耗已成透平机械行业的业内共识，本论文研究利用专业优势，围绕提高几种叶轮机械效率、输出功率、高能量综合利用水平、提高机组运行的可靠性等目标，以三个实际工程研发项目为基础，研究分析了多种特殊用途的叶轮机械内部流动情况，在此基础上，设计研究了轴流与离心两型动车组冷却通风机，并提出烟气轮机与船用涡轮增压器压气机蜗壳的优化方案等。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。