壁上观

In chapter 5, the concept of zero-span tension known in papermaking area is for the first time introduce to wood science area to explore in-tree variation of longitudinal tensile strength of tracheids and its main influencing factors. In chapter 6, composite micromechanics and classic laminated theory are used to make a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the main influencing factors of mechanical properties of tracheids cell wall. Some experimental results acquired in the foregoing chapters are explained successfully. Results were summarized as follows: Mechanical characteristics of wood at micron scale: 1 At micron scale, the longitudinal mechanicai behavior of wood microtome section differs greatly from that of wood with normal size.

论文的第2章首先研究了微米尺度下木材的力学特性，为后面运用木材微切片拉伸技术奠定一定的理论基础；在第3章，首次考虑到了微米尺度下木材力学性质的尺寸效应，并运用木材微切片正常间距拉伸技术研究了管胞纵向弹性模量的株内变异规律；在第4章，首次利用纳米压痕技术中最新发展起来的连续刚度测量法直接在管胞细胞壁上进行纳米级的压痕实验，测量次生壁S〓层的纵横向弹性模量和硬度，从而把细胞壁力学的研究提高到一个更高的水平；在第5章，首次把造纸领域的零距拉伸技术引入木材科学研究领域，研究了管胞纵向抗拉强度的株内变异规律及其主要影响因素；第6章则运用复合材料细观力学的基本理论和经典层板理论对影响细胞壁力学性能的主要因素进行了全面而系统的分析，并为前几章的一些实验结果提供理论上的解释。

Even so, when countries hold a veto, they can sit out negotiations; when, on the other hand, they know they could theoretically be outvoted, they enter the room in a state of fear, knowing they could end up isolated.

即使如此，当这些国家进行否决投票时，他们作壁上观，坐等谈判结束；而另一方面，当他们知道理论上，他们的票数可能被别人超过时，由于自知最终将被孤立，他们带着恐惧的心情进入会议室。

Even so, when countries hold a veto, they can sit out negotiations; when, on the other hand, they know they could theoretically be outvoted, they enter the room in a state of fear, knowing they could end up isolated. This tends to push everyone towards compromise, and "more Europe".

即使如此，当这些国家进行否决投票时，他们作壁上观，坐等谈判结束；而另一方面，当他们知道理论上，他们的票数可能被别人超过时，由于自知最终将被孤立，他们带着恐惧的心情进入会议室。

I repeat, football is everything for me and it's really difficult to be on the sidelines.

让我再重复一次，足球就是我的一切，作壁上观无法参与的感觉真的非常难受。

Chinese traditional garden has a good feme "the mother of the gardener" over the world, but nowadays, all the landscape architecture is more and more like the western garden style.

中国传统古典园林有&世界园林之母&的美誉，它的形式却已成为&作壁上观&的古董；现代园林在西方的主导下有了长足的发展，却总逃不出西方园林的影子。

WB: We own a large electric utility business in the UK, via Mid-America Energy. One problem in the UK is that investors need to disclose their holdings once they get to 3%. So if we're looking at a company with a 5 billion market cap, we'd have to disclose once our stake got to be 150 million. We have owned Guinness, now part of Diageo. But we do think twice, because of that 3% requirement. It's a deterrent, but not an overwhelming deterrent. We would feel comfortable with a lot of UK businesses.

巴菲特：在英国我们透过美中能源拥有一家大型的电力事业，英国有一个问题是一旦投资人持有某家公司股份超过3%的股份就必须公告，如果我们锁定一家市值50亿英磅的公司的话，这等於投资超过1.5亿英磅就必须揭露，我们持有Guinness，现在是Diageo的一部份，但受限於这3%的规定，使得我们在投资前必须三思而后行，这有点妨碍，但不致於让我们完全做壁上观，我们很想要多投资一些英国企业。

More Best Picture nominees mean fewer wallflowers.

最佳电影入围影片的增加意味着置身竞争外作壁上观的影片会减少。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。