壁

So a new program for calculating the normal three-dimensional temperature of superheater is considered.

针对目前大型煤粉锅炉屏式过热器管壁温度计算不准确的问题，提出了屏式过热器三维管壁温度计算方法。

The outer pollen wall ultrastructure of 4 excellent germplasms and their cutting offsprings showed that the tectum,columellac,foot layer and endexine had no notable variation.

花粉外壁超微结构所显示的覆盖层、柱状层、基层和外壁内层的形状或厚度，4份优质资源与其扦插后代均无明显变化。

In early stage of tetrad,primexine produces between the plasmolemma and calloses.

四分体初期，在质膜与胼胝质之间产生原外壁，然后，在原外壁中产生原棒，进而形成了基粒棒。

Compared to prior art, the method effectively resolves disadvantage that polymer, which is generated by tetracarbon octafluoride, on side wall of the welding pad is more and not easy to be cleaned, reduces polymer generation on side wall of the welding pad by reducing concentration of the tetracarbon octafluoride and correspondingly adding carbon tetrafluoride.

与现有技术相比，本发明有效解决了由于八氟化四碳产生的聚合物较多而造成焊垫侧壁的聚合物不易被清洗的缺点，在不影响刻蚀效果的前提下适量降低八氟化四碳的浓度，而对应加入四氟化碳，有效减少在焊垫侧壁生成的聚合物，该聚合物更容易在后续清洗制程中清洗干净。

The external block walls are spaced apart from the jacket sidewall in a transverse direction to form gaps therebetween.

该外缸座壁与水套侧壁在横向上间隔开以在它们之间形成间隙。

The effect of the thermal radiation and conduction of the enclosed wall surface on the whole temperature field is emphatically analyzed.

在通风管道冷却方案的基础上，分别建立了壁面辐射和传导的热模型，描述了壁面的传热结构。

IR thermograph was used to perform local measurements of the surface temperature field. The results reveal that these parameters which are investigated in this paper have strong influence on the temperature gradient and the cooling efficiency.

实验结果表明：减小加温比或增大速度比都可以减小壁温梯度的绝对值，同时冷却效率也会增加；当主流进入了自模区后，随着主流速度的增加，壁温梯度的绝对值会减小，冷却效率会增大。

This article analyses the application conditions of freezing method, current research status and the problems in this field. It points that it's necessary to study deep freezing temperature field deeply and discusses the factors which influence the freezing wall such as soil's nature, moisture content, geological conditions, etc. It introduces the theory, process of freezing method, the distribution of temperature field of freezing method and key thermotics parameters influencing freezing temperature field. It simplifies the deep freezing temperature field model. Through ANSYS, this article founds the deep freezing temperature field model, and simulates the field on vary heat conductivities. It analyzes the results of ANSYS simulation, gains the theoretical value of thermometric holes which is needed by back-analysis. Using the simulation temperature and actual value, it gets the equivalent heat conductivity. Then it solves the deep freezing temperature field by the equivalent value, simulates the freezing wall development process and temperature change curve. Against the actual project, the results are favorable.

文中分析了冻结法施工的应用条件，目前对冻结法施工的研究现状和在此领域内存在的问题，指出了对深土冻结温度场进行深入研究分析的必要性；对影响冻结壁形成发展的因素如冻土土性、含水量、地质条件及施工方法等因素进行了论述；对冻结法施工的原理、过程，冻结法温度场的分布情况，影响冻结温度场分布的主要热学参数进行了综述；对深土冻土温度场模型进行了合理的简化，通过ANSYS大型有限元分析软件，建立了深土冻结温度场的模型，对不同导热系数情况下的深土冻结温度场进行了模拟；对ANSYS的模拟结果进行了定性的分析，通过对ANSYS结果的后处理取得了反分析时需要用到的测温孔理论温度值；经过对测温孔模拟温度值和实测温度值的分析，得到了冻结温度场的等效导热系数；使用等效导热系数对深土冻结温度场进行了求解，模拟了冻结壁发展情况和温度场中的温度变化曲线，用所得结果对比工程实际情况，取得了较好的效果。

This article analyses the application conditions of freezing method, current research status and the problems in thisiold. It, points that it" s necessary to study deep freezing temperature field deeply and discusses the factors which influence the freezing wall such as soil" s nature, moisture content, geological conditions, etc. It introduces the theory, process of freezing method, the distribution of temperature field of freezing method and key thermotics parameters influencing freezing temperature field, it simplifies the deep freezing temperature field model. Through ANSYS, this article founds the deep freezing temperature field model, and simulates the field on vary heat conductivities. It analyzes the results of ANSYS simulation, gains the theoretical value of thermometric holes which is needed by back analysis. Using the simulation temperature and actual value, it gets the equivalent heat conductivity. Then it solves the deep freezing temperature field by the equivalent value, simulates the freezing wall development process and temperature change curve. Against the actual project, the results are favorable.

文中分析了冻结法施工的应用条件，目前对冻结法施工的研究现状和在此领域内存在的问题，指出了对深土冻结温度场进行深入研究分析的必要性；对影响冻结壁形成发展的因素如冻土土性、含水量、地质条件及施工方法等因素进行了论述；对冻结法施工的原理、过程，冻结法温度场的分布情况，影响冻结温度场分布的主要热学参数进行了综述；对深土冻土温度场模型进行了合理的简化，通过ANSYS大型有限元分析软件，建立了深土冻结温度场的模型，对不同导热系数情况下的深土冻结温度场进行了模拟；对ANSYS的模拟结果进行了定性的分析，通过对ANSYS结果的后处理取得了反分析时需要用到的测温孔理论温度值；经过对测温孔模拟温度值和实测温度值的分析，得到了冻结温度场的等效导热系数；使用等效导热系数对深土冻结温度场进行了求解，模拟了冻结壁发展情况和温度场中的温度变化曲线，用所得结果对比工程实际情况，取得了较好的效果。

The amphiphilic octadecylamine is attached by two different methods: one isby ways of reacting with thionyl chloride SOCl_2 the other is heating directly.

经酰氯化和直接加热反应两种方法，在单壁碳纳米管表面分别嫁接了十八烷基胺，获得了溶于有机溶剂的单壁碳纳米管。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷