墩

A hydraulic model test has been conducted and the test results show that the impact-type energy dissipator has an excellent hydraulic characteristics and the design method proposed is applicable.

介绍了某水库非常溢洪道末端转向冲击墩的具体布置方案，它包括3个转向冲击墩(长14.4 m、高22.0 m、厚2.5m)，相应的水力模型试验结果表明所设计的转向冲击墩具有良好的水力特性，所给的水力计算方法是适用的。

In order to acquire the spatial stress distribution of the pier-beam fixed joint , a pier-beam fixed joint finite element space model is established and analyzed in different loading cases.

为掌握石板坡大桥墩梁固结点的三维应力状态，建立了墩梁固结点结构分析的空间有限元模型，根据施工过程中及成桥后的工况，分别进行了空间有限元计算，得到了墩梁固结点在三种工况下的应力分布情况，检验了设计的安全性与合理性，提出了改善墩梁固结点应力的措施和方法，为设计和施工提供了科学的依据。

We also explanated the distribution of moment and shear force in the four piers of the bridge in deferent stage of apllying loads.

并计算出在每个双柱墩的墩底，两个墩柱在内力分配中的规律。

On the basis of spectral analysis, these compounds were identified as Kaempferol , Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside , Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, Quercetin , Quercetin-3-O-β-D-arabinopyranoside, Quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, gallic acid, methyl gallate-4-O-β-D- galactopyranoside, caffeicacid, methyl caffeate, 4-cafeoyl-(3"a, 4"a, 5"β)- trihydroxyquinic acid, 3"-cafeoyl-(3"a, 4"P, 5"P )-trihydroxyquinic acid methyl ester, 5"-cafeoyl-galactonic acid , pumiloside, loganic acid , 5R,6S,7E-megastima-3-on-7-en-9-ol 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. 2a, 3β-dihydroxy-oleanoic acid , 2a, 3β, 23-trihydroxy-oleanoic acid, 3a, 6a-dihydroxy-oleanoic acid, 3β-hydroxy-ursoic acid, 2a, 3a, 23-trihydroxy-ursoic acid , 2a, 3β, 23-trihydroxy-ursoic acid, 2β, 3β, 19a -trihydroxy-ursoic acid, 2a , 3β, 19a -trihydroxy-ursoic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside , 2a. 3a, 19a-trihydroxy-ursoic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 2a, 3a, 19a, 23-tetrahydroxy-ursoic acid, 1a, 3a, 19a, 23-tetrahydroxy-ursoic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside , 3a, 19a, 23-trihydroxy-ursoic acid.

从珙桐中分离鉴定得到了28种化合物，它们分别是：山奈酚，3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-山奈酚甙，3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-山奈酚甙，槲皮素，3-O-β-D-吡喃阿拉伯糖基-槲皮素甙，3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-槲皮素甙，没食子酸，4-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-没食子酸甲酯，咖啡酸，咖啡酸甲酯，4-咖啡酰基-(3&α，4&α，5&β)-三羟基鸡纳酸，4-咖啡酰基-(3&α，4&β，5&β)-三羟基鸡纳酸甲酯，5'-咖啡酰基-半乳糖酸，pumiloside，loganic acid，5R，6S，7E-megastima-3-on-7-en-9-ol9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，2α，3β-二羟基齐墩果酸，2α，3β，23-三羟基齐墩果酸，3α，6α-二羟基齐墩果酸，3β-羟基熊果酸，2α，3α，23-三羟基熊果酸，2α，3β，23-三羟基熊果酸，2β，3β，19α-三羟基熊果酸，2β，3β，19α-三羟基熊果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙，2α，3α，19α-三羟基熊果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基甙，2α，3α，19α，23-四羟基熊果酸，2α，3α，19α，23-四羟基熊果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基甙，3α，19α，23-三羟基熊果酸。

Results indicate that the optimum extraction conditions are as follows: ultrasonic power is 600W, temperature is 53℃, the ratio of liquid to solid is 8︰1, ultrasonic treating time is 70min, reflux extraction time is 120min, the extraction rate of oleanolic acid is 3.000 mg/g; XDA-1 resin is favorable in purification of OA in Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne, the optimum purification conditions are found to be 0.794 mg/mL of OA concentration, the flow rate of adsorption is 0.5 mL/min; the desorption solvent is 90% ethanol, and the flow rate of elutant is 1.0 mL/min.

结果表明，超声波辅助提取最佳工艺条件为：超声功率600 W、提取温度53℃、液料比8：1、超声波提取70 min，回流提取120 min，齐墩果酸得率为3.000 mg/g；XDA-1型大孔树脂对齐墩果酸具有较好的吸附和解吸效果，最佳纯化工艺条件为上柱液浓度0.794 mg/mL，吸附流速0.5 mL/min；以90%浓度乙醇洗脱，洗脱流速1.0 mL/min，纯化后得提取物中齐墩果酸纯度可达26.55%。

Two oleanane type triterpenes were isolated from the crude drug Lu Lu Tong , the fruits of Liquidambar formosana and their structures were elucidated as 2α,3β dihydroxy 23 norolean 4(24), 12(13) dien 28 oic acid(1), 2α,3β,23 trihydroxyolean 12(13) en 28 oic acid(2), based on 13 C NMR, DEPT, 1H NMR, 1H 1H COSY, 13 C 1H COSY, IR, MS and elemental analysis.

从生药路路通分离得到2个齐墩果烷骨架的五环三萜类化合物。通过13CNMR，DEPT，1HNMR，2D1H－13CCOSY，2D1H－1HCOSY，IR，MS和元素分析阐明了它们的结构。（1）为2α，3β－二羟基－23－去甲－齐墩果－4（24），12（13）－二烯－28－羧酸，（2）为2α，3β，23－三羟基齐墩果－12（13）－烯－28－羧酸，（1）未见文献报道，（2）是首次从这一植物中分离得

Two numerating methods are used in traditional structural design of gate chamber. First,considering the gate frusta to be fastened on the weir body,it is calculated as plane stress problem independently. Then applying the results on the bottom of gate frusta as concentrating load on the weir body,and the weir body is viewed as a elastic foundation beam or plate and unilateral stress analysis was performed.

传统闸室结构计算有两种计算方法，其一是将闸墩视为固端于堰体上，单独进行闸墩平面受力计算，再将闸墩下部的计算结果作为集中荷载作用于堰体上，堰体作为弹性地基梁或板进行片面应力计算。

A finite element numerical model for arch dam-gravity pier-foundation system was established to evaluate the effect of high gravity piers on the stress, deformation and anti-sliding stability of Sizhai arch dam, taking the following factors into account, such as the possible elastoplastic deformation of foundation rocks and the nonlinear interaction between the interfaces of gravity pier-dam foundation, the joint surfaces beneath the right bank, and the interfaces of arch dam-gravity pier.

摘要为评价高重力墩对四寨拱坝的应力变形和抗滑安全的影响，建立了拱坝－重力墩－地基系统的有限元数值模型，其中考虑重力墩－基础、右岸夹层和拱坝－重力墩等交界面的非线性相互作用，以及基岩材料的弹塑性变形行为。

In this paper, the seismic response of a high pier three-span continuous box girder bridge is detailed calculated, and the measures that prevent beam down and crushing pillar to damage of the structure in big earthquake is advanced.

通过时一座高墩三跨连续箱梁桥的地震响应进行数值模拟计算，分析了高墩桥梁的地震响应特点，提出了高墩桥梁在大震作用下应采取防止落梁及墩柱压渍破坏的构造措施。

The design includes determination of size and details of twin post piers and footing, internal force calculation, bending rebar of pier capping beam, shear rebar and stirrup, compression bar for piers and footings. Check of bearing capacity of piers and piles, crack opening, lateral displacement of pier, and eccentricity, were also conducted.

设计主要内容：双柱式桥墩及基础细部尺寸拟定；内力计算，墩盖梁抗弯钢筋、抗剪钢筋和箍筋的配置及墩身和桩基抗压钢筋的配置；墩与桩承载能力检算、裂缝宽度检算、墩顶水平位移检算，偏心距检算。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。