填土

Based on the balance of forces acting on interior earth fill of a counterfort structure, this paper proposes a theoretical calculation method of earth pressure on each member (including wall slab, counterfort and bottom slab) when the earth fill behind structure is in the condition of active critical equilibrium.

本文从扶壁结构填土的力平衡条件出发，提出了当建筑物后背填土处于主动极限平衡状态或弹性静止状态时作用在各构件上土压力的理论计算方法。

This method, using the least square, establishes polynomial interpolation function between the dry density and the moisture content of the solid.

对于铁路、公路、填土等工程而言，其压实质量的好坏，将直接影响道路和高填土石坝的使用性能及人们对其总体的综合评价。

During the process of filling, the water heads of all piezometers are higher than the surface of the soil. Moreover, the deeper the piezometer is ebedded, the higher the piezometric head will be.

饱和粉土和黏性土在填筑过程中，底板所受浮力极大，并可能超过被其排开的饱和土的重量，且测压管水头在填筑过程中均超过填土面高度，埋置越深的测压管水头越高。

Based on the principle of variation of earth pressures on the culverts under different conditions, including topography, span of culvert, density of fill and the type of structure, and the property of arching action above the culvert, a nonlinear earth pressure theory for culverts beneath high fill is presented, the theory suggests the earth pressure on the culverts beneath high fill can be calculated with the formula σ=ξγH〓 as the fill up to higher height.

把这种方法与其它地下洞室的土压力计算理论进行的对比分析结果表明，非线性土压力理论考虑了填土达到一定高度时在涵洞上方产生的拱效应以及土拱的不稳定性特点，其计算的土压力明显低于不考虑拱效应的低填方涵洞土压力计算值，但高于具有稳定土拱效应的地下洞室土压力理论得到的土压力。

Isotropically consolidated undrained compression tests and anisotropically consolidated constant shear stress tests were carried out to understand the failure mechanism of the fill slope.

在了解填土的基本物理性质和水理性质的基础上，开展了室内固结不排水剪试验和常剪应力剪试验，对填土边坡的破坏机理进行了研究。

Use instead and fasten and dig the bit to remove the hole and bottom eluvial soil after 5m (if the rock meeting high hardness while the base rock creeps into, can is it inlay rock bit get into to designing requirement hole dark by fastenning and digging and fighting the clear hole and then to use instead), in order to improve the strength of bearing the weight of of one , put the reinforcing bar cage finally , build the concrete.

本工艺基本上适应于各种土层，如软弱土层、松散杂填土、粉土、砂土、粒径不大（10cm以下）的碎石土和圆砾及其它塑性不大、粘粒较少的粘土，尤其适用于软塑、流塑、孔隙比大、高压缩性、抗剪强度小等特性的淤泥质土及因地下水丰富造成泥浆护壁困难的土层。

In the practice we have no special design of the approach slap , and the theoretical thereunder is not so reasonable. For example, when calculate the length of the approach slap, we adopt the permission differential change slap and settlement, without considering the height of road embankment filling , the form of abutment and the properties of the filling sort, so sometimes it is hard to eliminate the bridge head bump completely because of the disjoint, rupture or overshort of the approach slap, influencing the use of the road and bridge.

实践中一般桥头搭板不作专项设计，且理论依据不甚合理，如搭板长度计算采用桥头容许变坡差和沉降量确定，没有考虑路堤填土高度、桥台形式及填土性质，所以有时会出现搭板脱空、断裂或过短而未能彻底消除跳车现象，从而给道路桥梁的使用带来影响。

Through analyzing the in-situ test data , the curves of pile and soil top average stress ratio of composite foundation changing with embanking time were obtained . The rules of road foundation settlements in the center and pile top varying with embanking time were studied , and the pore pressure laws changing with time were discussed .

通过对现场测试数据的分析，得到了复合地基顶部桩土平均应力随填土时间的变化曲线，研究路基中心和桩顶沉降随填土时间变化规律，并讨论了孔隙水压力随时间消散曲线和侧向位移沿深度变化规律。

Reinforced earth retaining wall is a compound structure that is composed of fill, certain amount of band-shaped geotextile arranged in fill, and plate (Its virtues are light structure, precast component, board assembled on the spot, vertical or inclined wall and low project cost, very spacious room).

加筋土挡墙系由填土、在填土中布置的一定数量的带状拉筋以及墙面板三个部分所组成的一个整体复合结构。它具有结构物重量轻、构件可预制、面板可现场拼装、墙面可直立或倾斜和工程造价低等优点，因而发展空间很大。

Based on Mononobe-Okabe＇s postulation and the reasonable consideration for the restricted pore water, a first-order differential equation of the dynamic active earth pressure on rigid retaining walls with submerged backfills in the traaslational movement mode under earthquake loads is set up by using the method of level-layer analysis.

基于Mononobe-Okabe假定，在合理考虑土体孔隙中受限水含量的基础上，利用水平层分析法推导了填土中有地下水时刚性挡土墙平移模式下的动主动土压力强度的一阶微分方程，并求得非线性分布解：探讨了地下水位、受限水含量、填土的内摩擦角、墙背的摩擦角和地震系数等参数对土压力强度分布、合力作用点高度以及倾覆力矩的影响。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新