填充材料

The characteristics of pentacene/perylene derivatives based organic solar cells are investigated in this thesis Donor and acceptor layers are pentacene and N N'-dioctyl-3 4 9 10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-2~13C) respectively Twelve organic solar cells with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions were fabricated to study the influence of various alkylic perylene derivatives on the power conversion efficiency Under the sunlight simulator with AM1 5G filter and 100 mW/cm2 the solar cell of pentacene/PTCDI-7C heterojunction with cathode of Ag/Al bilayer has the best performance among the devices with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions In PL spectrum analyses the pentacene/PTCDI-7C film had lower recombination rate than the other pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C films; therefore more excitons could reach the P/N junction and enhance short-circuit current Furthermore the PTCDI-7C film grown on the surface of penatcene was more matched than other PTCDI films analyzed by the PL peak shifts of 10 nm and 45 nm thick PTCDI-2~13C and images of atomic force microscope More lattice match between the films of pentacene and PTCDI resulted in fewer defects in P/N junction and more carries can reach electrodes Accordingly the power conversion efficiency approach 2% was obtained from the solar cell with the active layer of pentacene/PTCDI-7C

本研究探讨以五环素/骈苯衍生物异质接面太阳能电池之特性，利用pentacene作为电子施体有机材料，PTCDI -2C~13C作为电子受体有机材料，制作出异质接面为pentacene/ PTCDI-2C ~13C等12种有机太阳能电池，比较不同碳数的骈苯衍生物对於有机太阳能电池之光电转换效率之影响。在AM1 5G、100 mW/cm2的模拟太阳光下，以pentacene/PTCDI-7C异质接面太阳能电池具有短路电流9 882 mA/cm2、开路电压0 376 V、填充因数0 523及光电转换效率达1 945%，皆比其他pentacene/PTCDI-2C ~13C异质接面太阳能电池来的大。由薄膜分析可知PTCDI-7C在这12种太阳能电池中具有较低的电子电洞复合发光效率，可以让较多激子到达异质接面进行电荷分离，减少电子电洞对复合发光的机率；此外，由光激发萤光光谱之峰值位移配合原子力显微镜表面结构图，可以得知当PTCDI-7C成长在pentacene上时会顺著pentacene的结构成长薄膜，故较无缺陷产生在P/N接面处；而在其他结构下则无此现象产生，致使在pentacene/PTCDI-7C薄膜中的载子有较大的机会可以移动至电极，使光电流提高，进而使光电转换效率提高。

In this study, the electrical conductive composites (comprised of thermoplastic matrix resins-high density polyethylene, polyphenylene sulfide and polyarylethersuifone with cardo group, and conductive fillers-short carbon fiber, carhon black and graphite) are prepared and characterized in detail. The relation among composite structure and directalternating electric properties, some electric and magnetic parameters under X-band microwave and shielding effect, the mechanical behaviour are analysed. And furthermore, some relative experimental devices are developed.

本工作利用短切碳纤维、炭黑、石墨为导电填料填充热塑性树脂高密度聚乙烯、聚苯硫醚、酚酞型聚芳醚砜，制得具有良好导电性能和机械性能的导电性高分子复合材料，并以此为对象，研究了材料的稳恒电场和交变电场的基本特性与材料结构的关系，研究了在X波段微波场下的电磁参量及屏蔽效应，以及研究了复合材料及其基体树脂的力学行为，与此同时还建立了相应的表征测试手段。

And the coefficient of thermal expansion was measured by thermal mechanical analyzer.

采用空心玻璃微珠填充改性双马来酰胺树脂，研究了玻璃微珠用量、粒径及表面处理对材料性能的影响，并用热机械分析仪，测定了材料的线膨胀系数。

To attain the same strength grade, the content of cement in cement fly-ash stabilized hoggin has reduced by 0.5~1% comparing with cement stabilized hoggin. This material has a capability of adapting with different aggregate's gradation and the 4.75mm passing rate can reduce to 30%. Through the studying about the mechanical property of cement fly-ash stabilized hoggin, this manuscript discover that the material has good strength growing performance that its 90d strength growing rate is 385% and its splitting strength that the 7d splitting strength is 0.347MPa and the 90d splitting strength is 0.700MPa accord with requirement in the norm.

粉煤灰处于最佳掺量时，通过粉煤灰的填充、活性等作用，使材料在达到相同强度等级，水泥剂量降低0.5～1%；并且对集料级配具有更好的适应性能且能使集料4.75mm以下通过率降低至30%左右；而且能有效提高材料的强度增长率，90d强度增长率高达385%左右；同时，降低回弹模量16%左右，对材料的抗裂性能有显著的改善作用。

Introduction of Product Modified cool.Self-viscous Rubber Asphalt Waterproof Coiled Materials are maninly compossd of high-grade SBS asphalt,SBR and other flexble materials intermingle d thickener,viscosity increaser and intensifier.polyethy lene and foil

冷自粘橡胶改性沥青防水卷材是以优质沥青SBS和SBR等弹性体材料为基础并掺入增塑剂、增粘剂和填充剂，采用聚乙稀、铝箔为表面覆盖材料或无覆盖材料而制成的可自行粘结的防水卷材。

The methods of processing waste substrate when the amount is small are as follows: replace the sawdust to be the filling material of sculpture handicraft; make the soundproofing board, ceiling, vase and so on; be used as powder for the coating, paving material or filler for plastic preparation and so on; be reused as the reinforcing material and insulated gluing material or used as the fire retardant chemical.

摘 要：我国对废弃线路板基板的回收主要是采取填埋和焚烧的方法，处理少量废弃基板时有以下几种方法：取代木屑作为雕塑工艺品的填充物；制造隔音板、天花板、花瓶等；作为粉末用于涂料、铺路材料或是塑料制备的填料等；作为增强材料和绝缘胶粘材料重新利用或做阻火剂等。

In this thesis, thermoelectric theories and recent progresses were reviewed. An investigation focusing on skutterudite, including bulk skutterudite, nano-skutterudite, and organic-inorganic composite.

本文在对热电理论的分析和总结近几年热电材料进展的基础上，以目前最有应用前景的填充型方钴矿热电材料为研究对象，分别对方钴矿型块体材料、纳米材料及有机-无机复合材料进行了研究。

This sounds absurd, but we can use the process of making specimens as an analogy. The maker constantly adds materials onto a bird's skeleton and feathery exterior, filling in the gaps so that the three dimensionality of the form fleshes out and becomes evident. We can also understand Luo Quanmu as such a maker: painting is a process of filling in the gaps using a personal language that informs a unique aesthetic form.

这听起来有些荒谬，但是，我们可以用标本制作的过程来做一个比方，制作者往往在禽鸟的骨架和皮毛之间填充某些材料，以便重现和凸显其在空间中的立体形象，我们也不妨将罗荃木视为这样一个制作者，绘画即以一种个人语言进行填充的过程，由此对象重获一个独立的美感形象。

For the study on the disk-shaped membrane reactor, the catalytic performance ofSCFZ membrane material in a fixed-bed reactor, the oxygen permeability of SCFZmembranes in air/He gradients, and the catalytic results of methane in the membranereactors with or without NiO/〓 catalyst packing were investigated in details.

在片式膜反应器研究方面，系统考察了SCFZ膜材料在固定床反应器中的催化性能、SCFZ片式膜在Air／He气氛下的氧渗透性能、以及填充和不填充NiO／〓催化剂的片式膜反应器的甲烷催化反应结果。

The approaches taken to prepare NO releasing polymers are classified into three catogories:(1)doping discrete NO nonors within polymer matrix;(2)covalent attachment of NO resealing moieties on the filler particles of the polymer to provide NO releasing properties and then dispersion them into the polymer backbone;(3) covalent linkage of NO donors to polymer molecules.

制备可释放NO聚合物材料的方法主要有3种：（1）通过物理掺杂的方式将小分子的NO供体分散到聚合物材料中；（2）对聚合物材料的填料微粒进行化学改性，得到可释放NO的填料粒子，再将其填充到聚合物材料中；（3）通过共价键将可释放NO的基团连接到聚合物主链及侧链上。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。