基部的

Branches usually several to many, clustered at mid-culm and basal nodes, central 3 codominant; branchlets usually specialized into weak or tough thorns.

通常的分枝数枚到多数，在中间秆和基部的节，中心的3 codominant的簇生；小枝通常专业化进弱或者坚韧的棘刺。

Calyx deeply 5-lobed, accrescent, persistent at base of drupe in fruit.

深深的花萼5裂，增大，在果期在核果的基部的宿存的。

Tepals 6, free, usually with dark spots or blotches, usually papillose at apex; inner ones with nectary processes on both sides (rarely on 1 or neither side) of a short, median channel at base adaxially.

花被片6，离生，通常具黑点或者大块斑点，通常具小乳突的在先端；内部花被具蜜腺一短的两面突起的(很少在1或两边都不)，中间的沟在正面基部的。

China and sect. Coilanthns. With the results of ITS and matK gene trees, it is supported that the possible evolutionary tendency of inflorescences is from spike to single umbel and raceme of umbels in Smilax.

DNA分子树结果支持圆锥花序可能是由单伞形花序的祖先通过其花序基部的叶子退化而演变来的，而这种单伞形花序是菝葜组和土茯苓组的共有特征。

The molecular trees show the species is a basal group in Smilax phylogenetic tree, and is of a parallel origin with other groups: some species with single umbel and most species with raceme of umbels.

在分子树上，它是处于菝葜属内基部的一个类群，与其它类群(包括部分单伞花序的种及大部分圆锥花序的种)是平行起源的。

Carpels erect to suberect, rarely divergent, not or only very slightly adaxially gibbous, base mostly broad and connate, less often free.

心皮去近直立，很少分叉，并非或只正面囊状的略，多数宽的基部的直立和，较少的通常离生。

Look for size and flight style, white bases to outer primary shafts, and the extent and contrast of the pale upperwing crescent; note that in all species moult and feather wear can affect the appearance of these features.

要注意体型大小、飞行的方式、外侧初级飞羽基部的白色及翼上半月形白色区域的大小及对比等几种特徵，不过要注意在这几种海雀之中，换羽以及羽毛的磨损状况都会影响到上述特徵。

Corolla often purple spotted, large, throat expanded; galea falcate, rounded or obtuse apically, toothless; lower lip long stipitate basally.

花冠通常紫色斑点，大，喉膨大；顶部的盔瓣镰刀形，绕行的或钝，无牙；基部的下唇具长柄。

Ventral 1. In thallose plants, such as some liverworts, describing the lower surface closest to the substate.

腹部的：在类似地钱的一些叶状体植物中，临近基部的低位植物体表。

Petiole stouter, usually shorter than 2.5 cm, base not swollen; leaves scattered on branches

叶柄粗壮，短于2.5厘米，不膨胀的基部的通常；在分枝上的叶星散 26

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。