基质内的

Poptosis-inducing factor is a mitochondrion-localized flavoprotein with NADH oxidoreductase activity, which is encoded by the nuclear gene. Following induction of apoptosis, AIF is released from mitochondria and translocated to cytosol, and then to the nucleus. The mechanism of AIF translocation from mitochondria to nucleus is still unclear. It has been suggested that translocation is due to the presence of nuclear localization signal.

bstract： AIF(apoptosis-inducing factor)为位在粒线体内膜膜上之蛋白质，在正常细胞中，能够藉由维持电子传递链复合体I的稳定性，进而影响细胞能量的产生及自由基的清除，并且也会维持粒线体的构造；反之，当细胞遭受到不当刺激时，粒线体膜通透性改变，使得原本存在於粒腺体间质中之AIF，被释放出来，进入细胞核内造成DNA片段化，进一步促进细胞凋亡。

Leaves sessile or subsessile; blade ovate or oblong to elliptic or oblanceolate or linear,(0.3-)0.8-2.5 cm × 3-12 mm; thickly papery to subleathery, abaxially glaucous or sometimes minutely papillose; laminar glands pale, dots, rather sparse, prominent above; intramarginal glands black, dense or irregular; main lateral veins 3- or 4-paired, sometimes forming ± marked submarginal vein, tertiary reticulation lax or obscure; base cuneate to angustate, margin entire and recurved, apex acute to rounded.

叶无柄或近无柄；线形的卵形的叶片或长圆形到椭圆形或倒披针形或，(0.3-)×3-12毫米0.8-2.5厘米；厚纸质到近革质，背面苍白或有时稍具小乳突；片状腺体苍白，小圆点，相当稀，在上面突出；近边缘内腺体黑色，浓或者不规则；主要侧脉3-或4对，有时形成多少显著的亚缘脉，第三级网脉疏松或不明显；基部楔形到狭，边缘全缘和下弯，先端锐尖到圆形。

Bulbs laxly clustered; bulb tunic membranous, laciniate; pedicels 1--1.5 × as long as perianth; perianth segments elliptic to ovate, 6--7 × 3--4 mm; broadened base of inner filaments narrowly ovate

鳞茎稀松的簇生；鳞茎皮膜质，条裂；花梗1 --1.5 *倍于花被；花被片椭圆的到卵形， 6--7 * 3--4 毫米；扩大内轮花丝狭卵形的基部 52 ALLIUM caespitosum 疏生韭

In hypothalamic median eminance of kidney Yang deficiency group, the bounds of ependymocytes were dim, distribution of their microvillus changed, the top of microvillus enlarged and became spherical, and holes occurred on the surface of the cells. In that of control group, the cell arranged in order and the cell bouns were clear, the microvillus were equal in thickness and in long, thin acerose thread wool shape. The surface ultrastructure of ependymocytes on hypothalamic median eminance in herb group was similar to that of control group.

肾阳虚大鼠垂体内分泌细胞和甲状腺细胞存在着不同程度的粗面内质网、高尔基体扩张，线粒体空化，细胞变形，核固缩等超微结构的损伤；中药组大鼠垂体超微结构与正常组类似，细胞形态完整，结构清晰，细胞器结构正常，含有各种大小不等、形态不一的分泌颗粒，但甲状腺细胞超微结构与肾阳虚组相比未见明显改善。

The drug of Xin xiebai powder can raise the content of SOD , at the same time reduce the content of the toxic oxygen free radicals and the injury by lipid peroxidate and lighten the lung damage by the oxidation effects of stress reaction.It confirms the security of Xin xiebai powder by acute toxic experiment.

能够提高机体 SOD 的含量，从而减轻毒性氧自由基的含量，降低机体内脂质过氧化，减轻氧化应激反应引起的肺损伤。

Filaments connate into a short tube; anthers erect, apex membranous and inflexed on base of stigma head; pollinia 2 per pollinarium, erect, ovoid, apex with a small translucent beak.

花丝合生成一短管；花药直立，先端膜质和在柱头头状花序的基部上内折；花粉块2 每pollinarium，直立，卵圆形，先端具一个小的半透明的喙。

During the early stage of Yanshan Movement in the Mesozoic Era, when the North China Plate had completed joining the Yangtze Plate to become a new united Craton massif, the tectonic movement turned to intracontinental orogenic stage, resulting in widespread magmatic activity and migmatization so that Tianzhu granitic batholith intruded the area on a large scale to form an embryo of the granite peak forest in the Tianzhu mountain area and ultrahigh pressure metamorphic zone further retraced its way, and consequently outcropped on the crust surface.

中生代燕山早期，华北、扬子板块已完成对接拼合，形成了新的统一的克拉通地块，构造运动已转入陆内造山阶段，引起广泛的岩浆作用和混合岩化作用，天柱山花岗质岩基大规模侵入，形成了区内天柱山花岗岩峰林胚胎，并导致超高压变质带进一步折返，并最终出露地表。

Iprianova [1] discovery, BDNF can prevent nerve of area of sea horse CA1 yuan death, restrain astral form colloid cell and huge bite cell are permeated. The nerve that BFGF can promote the education outside body yuan survive reach protuberant grow, jie fights stimulant amino acerbity noxiousness to reach freedom radical, the calcium inside antagonism cell is overweighted, reduce the nerve that above element causes thereby...

iprianova等[1]发现，BDNF能阻止海马CA1区神经元死亡，抑制星形胶质细胞和巨噬细胞渗透。bFGF可促进体外培养的神经元存活及突起生长，拮抗兴奋性氨基酸毒性及自由基，对抗细胞内钙超载，从而减轻以上因素引起的神经。。。

Calnexin and calreticulin are generally known as chaperons located in the ER. However, they are also involved in multiple functions other than chaperons.

calnexin 和calreticulin 一般广为人知的功用，是位於内质网中扮演新生蛋白质的保护子，帮助蛋白质正确地进行折叠和糖基化。

There are some little cells with diameter 4.5~8.3 μm in molecular layer. Purkinje cell is like a pear in Purkinje cell layer, it's base width is 17.8~25.6 μm, it's height is 18-30 μm. There are lots of rough endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosome, mitochondria, golgi body, lysosome, etc. in Purkinje cell. Granular cell ratio of nucleus to cytoplasm is high in granular layer.

分子层含少量小细胞，细胞大小在4.5~8.3μm； Purkinje细胞层细胞体呈梨状，底宽在17.8~25.6μm之间，高约为18~30μm，细胞中含有丰富的粗面内质网、游离核糖体、线粒体、高尔基体、溶酶体等；颗粒层的颗粒细胞细胞核大，细胞质少。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失